Powerpointpresentations

How to Make Your Coursework as Good as It Can Possibly Be. Many GCSE and A-level subjects are assessed in part by coursework in addition to powerpointpresentations exams, meaning that the wikipedia paper, mark you receive for powerpointpresentations, coursework contributes to your overall grade. Many students prefer coursework, because it’s a chance to showcase your academic abilities away from the high-pressured environment of the exam room, making it ideal for those who don’t perform to thesis statement for to kill the best of their abilities in exams. Powerpointpresentations! However, the time you have available for in a, coursework, in contrast with the time constraints of the exam room, can lull some students into a false sense of security. Coursework is arguably just as challenging as exams, just in different ways and, given the fact that you have more time, much higher standards are expected of you in coursework than in exams. Careful planning and powerpointpresentations, research are needed for successful coursework, as well as strong data-gathering and essay-writing skills. On Brain! In this article, we look at how to produce excellent coursework, from planning to proofreading. Though the powerpointpresentations, amount of marks allotted to coursework has generally been decreased, it remains an important component of many subjects. GCSE and A-level coursework typically takes the form of an extended essay or project. Its objectives vary from one subject to another, but there’s usually an emphasis on the student conducting independent research into a topic of their own choice. Thus coursework often takes the form of some sort of statement kill racism, investigation; it may, therefore, help to have your ‘detective’ hat on as you explore, investigate and analyse your topic.

You can usually work on your coursework at home, though it’s sometimes completed under controlled conditions through sessions at school. To give you a better idea of how coursework varies from one subject to another, here are some examples: English English coursework usually takes the form of an extended essay with a title of your choice. You’re usually given a choice of themes and/or texts to explore, and you could choose a format such as a comparison between a set text and another one. Geography Geography coursework usually focuses on the gathering, reporting and interpretation of data designed to answer a particular geographical question. You could investigate usage of a shopping centre, for example, or look at erosion on a particular beach. Sciences coursework for science subjects often takes the form of a scientific project or experiment that you conduct and report on yourself. If you#8217;re known to have plagiarised work, it could affect your chances of getting into university. Before you start work on your coursework, it’s essential that you have a thorough understanding of the rules. Powerpointpresentations! Failing to conform to the rules inadvertently or not may result in thesis statement, your coursework (or possibly even your entire qualification) being disqualified, so it’s a serious matter. No plagiarism this is particularly dangerous given the ready availability of relevant information on the internet these days. Powerpointpresentations! Make sure everything is in your own words; you’ll need to sign a declaration stating that it’s your own original work.

There’s only so much help your teacher can give you . They can provide guidance on anti book banning essay, what you need to include, and on what the examiners will be looking for. Powerpointpresentations! You can ask them questions, but they’ll usually only be able to check through your first draft once and offer broad hints on updating it. Check the word count , and stick to it. Find out whether footnotes, appendices and bibliographies are included in the word count. Check what topics you’re allowed to for to kill a mockingbird do your coursework on; if there’s an exam on this topic, you’ll almost certainly have to choose a different one for your coursework. Take your time over choosing your topic. Ideally, choose something you’re genuinely interested in, as your enthusiasm will come across and you’ll find it more enjoyable to write. If there’s something you’ve been working on for the course so far that you’ve particularly enjoyed, you may be able to focus more on this as part of your coursework.

For science coursework, you’ll need to powerpointpresentations choose something to investigate that you can measure, change and control; it should be what’s called a ‘fair test’, meaning that you have to acknowledge all the controls you use in the experiment and drain, why. Try not to powerpointpresentations pick a topic for which the scope is too vast, as you’ll struggle to research it properly and you’re unlikely to thesis a mockingbird do it justice, and powerpointpresentations, it’ll be hard to keep within the word limit. Ask your teachers for some guidance on choosing your topic if you’re not sure what to write about; they might even tell you a bit about what previous students have done to give you some inspiration. Get the important timings worked out in an advance. Never leave your coursework until the last minute, even if this is your normal approach to essays and plans, it usually works for you. Make sure you understand when the powerpointpresentations, deadlines are, including time for submitting a first draft for comments from your teacher. Then schedule blocks of time for in a essay, working on it, allowing plenty of time before the deadline to cater for any unexpected delays. Allow ample time for powerpointpresentations, making corrections based on teacher feedback on ideas, your first draft, and keep some time aside before the deadline for final editing and proofreading. Because actual deadlines are few and far between, you’ll need to powerpointpresentations take responsibility for research paper, the writing process and powerpointpresentations, impose some deadlines on yourself to statement for to kill a mockingbird racism ensure it’s finished in powerpointpresentations, time. Write down your deadlines on on brain drain in india, a calendar, with the coursework broken into stages and dates assigned to each, by which time each task should be complete. You can base your stages on the next few points in this article research and data gathering, a structure plan for the piece of work, writing up, and so on.

Conducting your research and gathering data. Research is a vital part of coursework. Powerpointpresentations! As coursework is primarily a research exercise, the research phase is crucial, so don’t be tempted to skimp on it and write on corruption in india, go straight to writing up. Use as many different resources as you can to gather data: books, journals, newspapers, television, radio, the internet and anything else you think might be relevant. For science and powerpointpresentations, Geography coursework, you’ll need to base your work on a hypothesis, so the research stage should start by coming up with at write a essay, least one hypothesis, otherwise your research will lack direction. The research phase for some subjects may involve site visits for gathering data, so allow plenty of time for this, particularly if you need your parents to powerpointpresentations drive you somewhere to wikipedia paper do so. If it’s a scientific experiment you’re conducting for your coursework, you’ll need to pay careful attention to planning the experiment using rigorous scientific methods (also noting what Health and Safety precautions you are taking), as well as reading up on the background and theory so that you have an idea of what to expect from the outcome of your experiment. In the powerpointpresentations, research stage, make notes about essay, what you expect to happen, so that you can later compare your expectations with what actually did happen. The experiment itself also forms part of the research and data-gathering stage for your science coursework; in the write-up stage, which we come onto shortly, you analyse and write up the results. Once you’ve completed your research, the process of writing up begins. Before you get down to the actual writing, however, it’s advisable to powerpointpresentations write a plan for how you’re going to structure it essentially an essay plan for English coursework and other subjects for which the on corruption, coursework is based on an extended essay.

It’ll look slightly different from an essay plan for science subjects and others that revolve around project work, but the powerpointpresentations, principle is the same: plan out what order you’re going to present your information in. For big projects, this is particularly important, because with a lot of unity in a, information to convey, you risk being disorganised and waffling. Make sure your writing is powerpointpresentations, top-notch. For any coursework, but particularly coursework based around an extended essay, you’ll need to perfect your essay-writing abilities. For science coursework, writing up your project also involves data analysis, as you interpret the in a essay, results of powerpointpresentations, your experiment and book banning, work your notes into powerpointpresentations formal scientific language. Follow the links below to find lots more useful advice on writing great essays. When you’re writing up, it’s important to find a place where you can work quietly, without distractions that could cause you to make careless errors.

You wouldn’t want noise or distractions when you were in business plans, an exam room, so treat your coursework with the same reverence. For some subjects, namely the sciences and Geography, it would be appropriate to include images, graphs, charts, tables and so on powerpointpresentations, in your coursework. Anti! For example, for Geography coursework, your extra material could include annotated images and maps of the site you’re talking about, plus tables, graphs and charts. An appendix could then detail your raw data; if, for powerpointpresentations, example, your coursework focused on the results of research, a survey, you could put the raw survey responses in an appendix and provide summaries and analysis in the main body of the coursework. Powerpointpresentations! Don#8217;t leave the bibliography to plans ideas the last minute; it#8217;s a vital part of your coursework. As we said earlier, it’s important that you always use your own words in your coursework to avoid the powerpointpresentations, possibility of falling foul of plagiarism rules. However, it’s acceptable to quote from another source, as you would in any piece of academic writing, but you must make sure that you state where it is from and use quotation marks to show that it’s a quote from anti essay, somewhere else.

The best way of citing another work is to use a footnote; word processors will allow you to insert one, and it just puts a little number at powerpointpresentations, the end of the unity, sentence and another in powerpointpresentations, the footer of the document, into which you put the on brain, name of the author and work, and the page within that work that the quote can be found. At the powerpointpresentations, end of your piece of work, include a bibliography that includes a list of every external source you’ve used in the creation of your coursework. Stick to a set formula when including books. A common format is: Author Surname, Initial. (Date) Title of Book , page number. Lewis, C.S. (1960) Studies in Words , p. 45. When you get to university, you’ll be expected to include footnotes and bibliographies in all your essays, so it’s a good habit to paper get into powerpointpresentations and coursework gives you good practice at it. You can#8217;t proofread too many times. Write A Essay In India! Having completed a first draft, received feedback from powerpointpresentations, your teacher, and honed your work into a finished piece of coursework, have a final check through it before you send off your coursework for submission.

Sense check : have a read through your completed piece of anti banning essay, work and check that it all makes sense. Make sure you haven’t contradicted yourself anywhere, or repeated yourself, or laboured the point. If there are any facts that you may have meant to powerpointpresentations look up to double check their accuracy, do so now. Word count : ensure that the completed work falls within the word count, and double check whether the bibliography should be included in the word count. If you’ve exceeded it, you’ll need to work through the banning essay, piece and tighten up your writing, omitting unnecessary information, reordering sentences so that they use fewer words, and powerpointpresentations, so on. Proofread : check your spelling and grammar, and ensure that there are no typos. Don’t just use the spellcheck go through it with a fine toothcomb, manually, and if you can, ask someone to read through it for you to see if they spot anything you haven’t. Formatting : check that you’ve included page numbers, and book banning essay, that the font and line spacing is consistent throughout the work. Ensure that the font is plain and easy to powerpointpresentations read, such as Arial or Times New Roman. Bibliography : check that you’ve included everything, that the format is the same for all sources mentioned, and in a, that the right information is included for each.

Once this stage is complete, you’re ready to submit your coursework along with your declaration that it’s entirely your own work. Powerpointpresentations! Get ready for a feeling of immense satisfaction when you finally send off your hard work! 6 Responses to #8220;How to Make Your Coursework as Good as It Can Possibly Be#8221; December 14, 2015 at anti essay, 8:41 am, Alex nuttal said: I like this web but it could look more appealing to a younger eye xx. December 14, 2015 at 8:42 am, Alex nuttal said: I love geographyxx. November 05, 2016 at 9:44 am, Mariya said: Is anybody doing BTEC L3 Business and Health and powerpointpresentations, social care this year ? if yes then please help me ! December 04, 2016 at 12:13 pm, Molly Houlston said: I#8217;m currently doing my film studies coursework and on brain in india, this really helped ! December 10, 2016 at 1:15 pm, Nadia said: Really helpful thank you I got an 49 marks out of 50 for my science course work which is an A*

richler essay © 1987 Reproduced with permission. Two clusters of powerpointpresentations experience from Richler's boyhood, one actual, the other vicarious, have had a marked effect on wikipedia paper, his artistic psyche: his growing up in the Jewish community of Montreal during the powerpointpresentations, 1930s and 1940s, of which he has stated, that was my time, my place, and essay, I have elected myself to get it right; and his consciousness of the powerpointpresentations, conflicts in Europe, particularly of the defense of Madrid, which made a strong impression on him as a boy of nine and plans ideas, later came to be used in his fiction as a metaphor for honour and heroism. The importance to him of these concurrent sets of experience is pointed up by their appearance again and again in various forms in his fiction and non-fiction. He focuses on both with equal intensity in powerpointpresentations, his novels The Acrobats (1954) and Son of a Smaller Hero (1955), both of which are considered first novels, defined by George Woodcock as works that present somewhat realistically the problems, aspirations, and agonies of plans ideas a young writer. A third-generation Canadian Jew, Richler was born on powerpointpresentations, January 27, 1931, in Montreal, where his grandfather settled after venturing to Canada in 1904 to escape the Eastern European pogroms. Richler grew up in a self-contained world circumscribed by orthodoxy and by fear and ignorance of thesis for to kill a mockingbird French and English Canadians. He attended Jewish parochial school, studied the Talmud and was expected to powerpointpresentations, become a rabbi. At Baron Byng High School (the Fletcher's Field of his fiction), a Protestant school, he began to ease away from business plans, orthodoxy and to conceive of himself as both Jewish and powerpointpresentations, Canadian, though this was not always an easy complementary conception of himself.

The minority man, he points out, quoting Norman Mailer, grows up with a double-image of business plans ideas himself, his own and society's. After high school, Richler attended Sir George Williams College, now a constituent of Concordia University, as an powerpointpresentations, English major. He found several first-year courses uninspiring, and wikipedia research paper, these were satirized in his early work. It was here, however, that he developed a strong interest in powerpointpresentations, contemporary literature and journalism and anti banning essay, was drawn to powerpointpresentations, the idea of becoming a writer. Once he was sure he wanted to anti banning, write, he abandoned college after two years and left Canada for powerpointpresentations, Europe which had attracted him since boyhood. He gives several reasons for wikipedia paper, this decision made when he was just nineteen: he was afraid of being enmeshed and devitalized by academic life; Europe offered the promise of excitement and adventure; he felt he could not write in a country culturally barren as he perceived Canada then to be; and he wanted the challenge of proving himself in powerpointpresentations, major literary centres. He spent two years in Europe, living mainly in Paris. Alone at first, he later became part of a circle of aspiring North American writers which included Allen Ginsberg, Terry Southern and Mavis Gallant, who had made similar literary pilgrimages to Paris. It was here that he began writing seriously and for to kill a mockingbird racism, had his first significant piece published. Powerpointpresentations! A slight short story, Shades of Darkness (Three Impressions), appeared in Points , a Parisian little magazine for young writers. As the sub-title indicates, the story is really three separate impressions of three misfits.

The work is an book essay, early illustration of Richler's credo that the writer has the moral responsibility to be the loser's advocate. Richler made several trips outside Paris, to Normandy, Cambridge (where he visited E. M. Forster) and Spain, particularly Ibiza and Valencia, the setting of his first novel. He remained in Spain, rooted for almost a year. In Valencia, in 1952, he participated in his first fallas , the Spanish ritualistic bonfire, which features prominently in The Acrobats . He perceives his participation as a rite of passage, a final, irrevocable commitment to writing: And those flames in Valencia consumed. a host of personal devils. Powerpointpresentations! Gone with the flames went the guilt acquired by leaving college without a degree. walking away from that fire I grasped, for the first time, that I was a free man. I owed no apologies. My life was mine to spend as I pleased. It was here that he began The Acrobats . Richler completed this novel in Paris and submitted it to a literary agent on his way back to essays on brain drain, Canada. He soon learned that Andre Deutsch was willing to publish it but with revisions, which he did while earning a living as a salesman and later as a radio editor for the CBC in Montreal. He revised the novel three times on the suggestion of his editors and agent, and after the third he told them: I am no longer truly involved with The Acrobats and am wary of doing too much tampering. At this point, I think it would be far better to apply what I have learned off this book to the one I am now working on.

This first novel is important more for what it promises for the author's career than for what it actually achieves. There is undeniably some appeal in its frank, intense, youthful perceptions, its evocation of mood, its portrayal of a few distinct characters, its energetic use of powerpointpresentations language; but it is a flawed novel. Write On Corruption In India! As Richler realized even as he sent off his revised manuscript to the publisher, the powerpointpresentations, novel could have profited from further revisions which might have eliminated two main shortcomings: the subservience of character development to theme and the undigested influence of writers such as Dos Passos, Malraux and Hemingway. The novel's protagonist, André Bennet, an Anglo-French Canadian, is a bewildered youth looking for research, absolutes in a world where it is difficult to powerpointpresentations, distinguish right from wrong. He has come to statement for to racism, Valencia, once the capital of the Loyalist Government, now a squalid town, because of his admiration for powerpointpresentations, the heroic International Brigades, who, because of their dedication to their cause, epitomize for him honour and truth, virtues he finds lacking in anti book essay, his own age. André's quest is conducted among characters who are essentially mouthpieces for various ideologies. At the end of the novel, he dies violently without realizing his quest, but the novel holds out the powerpointpresentations, promise of a better world through the in a, symbolic birth of a child named after him. The Acrobats , as several critics have shown, examines many themes that recur in later novels, such as the conflicts between races, generations and traditions, the search for powerpointpresentations, proper values, and the paradox of liberation as both creative and destructive. Certain elements of form and tone that have become characteristic of Richler's later novels also appear here: the ambivalent protagonist through whose consciousness the novel is presented, ambiguous endings, set pieces of satire, suspenseful plotting, brilliant dramatic scenes, striking evocation of mood and essay, setting, grotesque presentation of villains, and sympathetic portrayal of losers. The Acrobats sold 2,000 copies in England and under 1,000 in the United States where it was published also.

In Canada it sold just as poorly. Soon after its publication, Richler took up residence in London. Powerpointpresentations! When he left Canada the first time, he was not sure of exactly why he was doing so. In 1954, he was less uncertain: the poor Canadian reception of wikipedia The Acrobats and the promise of publication in a literary metropolis pointed him in one obvious direction. Yet with his move to London, he began a long vacillating relationship with Canada. He found it necessary to return to Canada and to powerpointpresentations, Montreal in on brain in india, particular sometimes more than twice a year. His psyche, in spite of the invigorating new literary climate of London, remained imbedded in Canada. Richler, like so many writers in exile, discovered that the world he fled ironically fed his creative imagination. And the first novel he wrote in London shows this. Son of powerpointpresentations a Smaller Hero vividly recreates the Montreal community of business plans ideas Richler's youth and provides an incisive study of the growth of a sensitive, intense, Jewish youth, Noah Adler, in this environment.

Though the powerpointpresentations, novel focuses on Jewish society and Jewish characters, Richler is not preoccupied with ethnic issues. As in all his fiction set in Jewish communities and essays on brain drain, peopled by Jews, he looks beneath the powerpointpresentations, racial to the human, and uses the Jewish world as a metaphor for human experience. The novel transcends time, place and race. It is at once Jewish, Canadian and universal. The many evident parallels between Noah's life and research, Richler's obliged him to include a prefatory note disclaiming any autobiographical intention. This has to be heeded in this and other novels by Richler, who tends to draw heavily on his own experience in his realistic fiction. Nevertheless it is important to keep in mind that novels are works of the powerpointpresentations, imagination and must be read as such. Statement A Mockingbird Racism! In Son of a Smaller Hero , the author has some difficulty, however, in keeping himself consistently apart from powerpointpresentations, his creation. The absence of aesthetic distancing weakens Richler's otherwise perceptive study of Noah; he often appears to share Noah's occasional youthful posturing and anti book banning essay, assumption of moral superiority. In his depiction of Noah's relationship with his Jewish society, Richler concentrates on two issues.

The first is Noah's tormenting love-hate relationship with this community, which is felt throughout the novel from the opening chapter where he escapes, yet yearns for his home, to the last where he tells his grandfather, Melech, I am going and I'm not going. The second is Noah's rejection of his grandfather's severe morality. He admires his grandfather's sense of responsibility to his family but questions his unswerving adherence to harsh laws and his stern, just and merciless God. In the last chapter, Noah, who fears he may become as severe as his grandfather, learns to accept what Melech will never allow, that compromise is possible without betrayal, and that flexibility and tolerance must supersede rigidity and censure in human relationships. The novel provides an powerpointpresentations, extended account of a love affair Noah has with a gentile, Miriam.

Some critics consider this affair to be less important than the space allotted it since it emphasizes Miriam's function not as a lover but as a member of the gentile community. And as such she serves simply to reveal to Noah that this community is no better than his own. Wikipedia Research! Moreover, like Richler's other female characters, Miriam fails to come alive -- an observation that Richler, who has admitted having difficulty with portraying women, is not likely to contradict. Son of a Smaller Hero must be read, like The Acrobats , as an apprenticeship work, for there are evident weaknesses. Powerpointpresentations! Yet the novel impresses with its brilliant setting, its intensity of tone, its gallery of sharply perceived secondary characters, and its keen insights into the nature of a young artist. The novel was well received in for to, London. Walter Allen spoke highly of powerpointpresentations it, stating that with it the Canadian novel emerges for the first time. The Times Literary Supplement said that there can be no doubt of his prodigal talent. Its reception in Canada was better than that of The Acrobats , and essays on brain drain in india, it earned Richler an extended interview in the Tamarack Review . A Choice of Enemies , published in 1957, three years after Richler moved to London, is the powerpointpresentations, first novel to have that city as its setting. The London it depicts, however, is a narrow one, that of Canadian and American writers and directors who fled to England to escape McCarthy's witch-hunts in Hollywood.

Richler, who was now beginning to supplement his income by statement for to kill racism writing the occasional script for film and television, became quite familiar with this émigré colony of powerpointpresentations film people. The novel is write in india, largely TheAcrobats rewritten three years later. Powerpointpresentations! There are parallels between the two novels in business plans, the narrative structure, the patterns of relationships among the powerpointpresentations, protagonists, the nature and research, function of the secondary characters, the political ambiance, the juxtaposition of characters with contrasting ideologies, the protagonists' rejection of politics as the solution to man's problems, and their inability to establish what should be sanctioned or censured, a dilemma pointed up by powerpointpresentations the suggestive titles of both novels. A Choice of Enemies is an improvement on The Acrobats , however. Richler avoids some of the shortcomings of the earlier work: the impassioned tone is more modulated, characterization is anti book banning, subtler, derivative passages are all but eliminated, aesthetic distance is now evident, and powerpointpresentations, the theme is not shouted at the reader. At the business plans, same time, Richler has not succeeded in ironing out all the wrinkles of powerpointpresentations The Acrobats . Ideas! The narrative is occasionally melodramatic and contrived as a consequence of Richler's harnessing it to the political thesis; certain characters are wooden, again because of their overt subservience to the theme; and the unravelling of the narrative is still a bit awkward. As with The Acrobats , Richler himself was very much aware of the novel's flaws before its publication and was dissatisfied enough to consider recalling the novel when it was virtually between covers.

The protagonist of the powerpointpresentations, novel, Norman Price, is a Canadian professor, who has sacrificed his secure job at an American university for write in india, his Marxist beliefs, and now makes a living as a scriptwriter and a popular novelist. Like André, he yearns for what he considers the political integrity of men like his father, who gave up his lucrative Montreal medical practice to fight and die in powerpointpresentations, Spain as a member of the International Brigades. Norman's involvement with Sally, a young Canadian, and Ernst, a refugee from East Germany, makes him realize that bigotry is not exclusive to the left-wing. He eventually comes to believe, like the survivors of The Acrobats , that what is important is unity, not political commitments or alliances but adherence to small virtues, to the traditional spiritual values of powerpointpresentations honesty, goodness and honour in one's everyday relationships with one's fellow man. Though it was favourably reviewed, the novel did not sell well. Banning Essay! In recent years it has attracted appreciative critical attention. Some critics have suggested that it marks the end of Richler's novitiate. It certainly is an improvement on Richler's first two novels, but he is still an apprentice here; and this is primarily because he too obviously manipulates narrative progression and character development to serve his thesis. This manipulation prevents Norman Price from becoming as scintillating a character as Duddy in The Apprenticeship of powerpointpresentations Duddy Kravitz , Richler's fourth novel, in plans, which he takes care to allow theme to emerge organically from, rather than constrict, the natural evolution of narrative and protagonist.

Richler began working on The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz (1959) soon after the publication of powerpointpresentations A Choice of Enemies . Thesis For To Kill! He was at that time sharing a flat in Swiss Cottage with Ted Kotcheff, the powerpointpresentations, Canadian film director, with whom he worked on on brain drain, such successful television plays as Paid in powerpointpresentations, Full (1958) and The Trouble with Benny (1959). A Canada Council Fellowship enabled him in 1959 to free himself from scripting and essays drain, devote his time to The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz which he completed while living in the south of France. It is not surprising that this novel, which critics consider the best of his early work and powerpointpresentations, one of his finest novels, should have as its setting Montreal of the a essay on corruption, 1950s, the world that haunts Richler's psyche. An unprecedented assurance and confidence here mark a new stage in powerpointpresentations, his development. The narrative pace is livelier than in the previous novels. Dramatic scenes are exceptionally well done. Book Essay! Humour is organic and integrated, and is not simply relegated to set passages, though these, ubiquitous in Richler's novels, are here as well. Richler is now able to stand back and powerpointpresentations, view his protagonist with commendable objectivity.

He has stated outside the novel that he both admires and despises Duddy, a Jewish youth from the write on corruption in india, Montreal slums who claws his way to the top. This ambivalance is patently evident in the novel and imparts to it a vitalizing tension and enriching complexity. Some critics have criticized Richler's portrayal of Duddy as being too quaint; others believe that it is powerpointpresentations, too detached and too critical. Richler's brilliant portrait of Duddy is neither one thing nor the other. Thesis Statement! He is aware of both the powerpointpresentations, good and the bad in his protagonist and is neither his castigator nor his advocate. He invites the reader to look objectively at Duddy, though he may not, like the author, be able to affirm whether he admires or despises Duddy. The novel was very well received on both sides of the Atlantic and it firmly established Richler's reputation as a novelist. There were accusations of in a Anti-Semitism by critics who misinterpreted his aesthetic distancing as cold, sardonic detachment, but these were sparse. Despite its critical success, the novel sold only about 2,000 copies in Canada and about 1,200 in the United States.

Within ten years, however, it became an powerpointpresentations, established high school and college text, with sales reaching 35,000 a year in Canada. In 1974, with Richler as scriptwriter, the novel was made into a film, with Ted Kotcheff directing. It was considered one of the more successful Canadian movies. In 1984, a musical version, entitled Duddy , with Richler once again as a scriptwriter, was staged at the Citadel Theatre in Edmonton. A Essay In India! Though it established an attendance record for the theatre, plans for taking it across Canada and eventually to Broadway were temporarily scrapped because of unfavourable reviews. Between the publication of The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz and powerpointpresentations, St. Urbain's Horseman , a span of twelve years, Richler, kept busy with screen scripts, produced just two slim volumes, The Incomparable Atuk and Cocksure , novels characterized by their fantastic plotting and thesis kill, sustained humour. He was spending much of his time writing film and television scripts. His financial dependence on scriptwriting grew after his marriage in 1960 to Florence Wood, a Canadian model living in London.

Within a few years he had the powerpointpresentations, additional responsibility of providing for five children. His many scripts of this period include No Love for Johnnie (1959), a study of a roguish British politician, Life at the Top , the sequel to a essay on corruption, John Braine's Room at powerpointpresentations, the Top , and The Looking Glass War , an essays drain in india, adaptation of John Le Carré's novel. Richler writes scripts reluctantly. He perceives scriptwriting as a means of making a livelihood and of buying time to work on his fiction. He considers it unworthy of the talents of truly dedicated novelists.

Like most novelists, he says, I am conditioned to powerpointpresentations, working for unity in a essay, months on material I discuss with nobody. He considers making films, on the other hand, to be a group activity with numerous participants among whom the most lowly is the writer who adapts thrillers and best sellers. Even those who adapt serious novels or write serious original screenplays are robbed of artistic independence and satisfaction. In the case of the adapter, the work remains essentially the original novelist's; and no matter what positive contribution the writer of the powerpointpresentations, original screenplay makes, film making belongs more than anything to the writer-director. Essays Drain In India! Richler evidently has a facility for scriptwriting and his services are always in demand. Powerpointpresentations! But his reiterated aversion to the hack work involved and his preference for concentrating on anti book banning, his novels make him reject most offers unless pressed into compromise by economic considerations. The Incomparable Atuk (or Stick Your Neck Out , the title of the powerpointpresentations, American edition), published four years after The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz is a slight novel, but it is skilfully plotted and overflowing with zestful caricatures of the fraudulent and the affected, drawn from the social and cultural circles of on corruption Toronto of the 1950s, the setting of the powerpointpresentations, novel. Richler was still living in London at the time he wrote this novel, and perhaps his farcical style illustrates his observation about North American writers exiled in Europe: when they wrote about North America, they settled on a style that did not betray knowledge gaps of plans day to day experience. Richler utterly disregards the element of probability in formulating the central idea of the novel, which tells of the picaresque adventures of Atuk, an powerpointpresentations, Eskimo poet, in Toronto. Initially, Atuk appears to be an artless individual whose innocence is used to point up the foibles of the Torontonians; but soon he is business, revealed to be equally corrupt and pretentious.

On its publication, reviewers were not sure of Richler's tone, a question which still divides critics. Malcolm Ross, for instance, believes that the comedy is as black as it is brilliant. There is hard even cruel mockery in powerpointpresentations, Richler's laughter. On the other hand, George Woodcock feels that light satire is perhaps the best term to unity in a essay, describe this amusing but insubstantial book. Others are unable to powerpointpresentations, take a firm stand on the nature of Richler's intent. F. W. Watt, for example, wonders about Richler's depiction of a essay his characters: with what gravity does he offer it and do we receive it?. In his essays and articles of powerpointpresentations this period, Richler tends to criticize harshly the wikipedia, Canadian cultural scenes; it is likely that he is powerpointpresentations, doing so here; but he is also having fun.

He himself describes the novel as a much gentler book [than Cocksure ]. More of a spoof. In an early observation on young British writers, Richler states that they seem to be writing almost provincial undergraduate jokes in a very special context. To a large extent, this comment could be applied to The Incomparable Atuk , for Richler focuses on dated and regional matters here. While some Canadian reviewers responded to the novel as a roman à clef , an American critic, who enjoyed the write, novel, was nevertheless mystified by what was obviously inside jokes to powerpointpresentations, 'hip' Canadians. Plans Ideas! The Incomparable Atuk is essentially fun.

Though not a potboiler, it certainly is powerpointpresentations, a jeu d'esprit , occupying a special place in Richler's canon. Cocksure had its origins in a short story entitled Griffin, Shalinksy, and How They Settled the Jewish Question, published in 1958, in the Tamarack Review (revised and published in 1961, in Maclean's , as It's Harder to be Anybody). Of its process of creation, Richler has stated: Riding into my second year of St. Urbain's Horseman , disheartened by proliferating school bills, diminished savings and only fitful progress, I finally got stuck so badly that there was nothing for it but to shove the manuscript aside. I started another novel, a year's heat, which yielded Cocksure . Cocksure has the extravagant plotting and fantastic characterization of The Incomparable Atuk , but it is quite evidently neither as parochial nor as frivolous as that novel. Write! Though it focuses on the misadventures of a Canadian innocent, Mortimer Griffin, in swinging London of the 1960s, it is not primarily concerned with Canadian issues exclusively.

The novel looks inclusively at the ubiquitous decline of spiritual values and moral responsibility in contemporary society at large. Richler is more angered than amused by the forces generating this decline. Consequently, the humour here is more militant, the imagery more grotesque and the language more ribald than in The Incomparable Atuk . The grotesquerie and powerpointpresentations, ribaldry, which some interpreted as obscenity, were responsible for the mild sensation the novel occasioned on publication: W.H. In India! Smith bookstores in Britain refused to stock it, and Ireland, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa banned it altogether. Richler has mentioned that the subject matter of Cocksure lent itself to savagery, and that the novel was written out of disgust. Powerpointpresentations! However, though it is Richler's most pervasively satirical novel, it never becomes a cogent, thoroughgoing satire. In fact, many of the early reviewers felt that Richler succeeds more in entertaining than in vexing the unity in a, world.

The work has been described as a stylish farce whose absurdities are never truly disturbing, as smart-alecky stuff that does not cut deeply, and as a serio-comic novel in which Richler wears his jester's patches well. An important reason for powerpointpresentations, this mixed critical response is Richler's ambivalent perception of Mortimer. He portrays him as feckless, bumbling and ideas, more naive than innocent; and he pokes fun at him. Yet Richler is clearly on Mortimer's side when he is up against his corrupt society. Richler's ambivalence not only renders his tone ambiguous, but for some critics it blots out his moral position. Philip Toynbee says that a general weakness of this funny and memorable book is that it is quite impossible to detect the moral platform. from which his darts are launched. Perhaps had Richler not whimsically abandoned his working title It's Harder to powerpointpresentations, be Anybody, his moral stance would have been less elusive. Of this stance, he has stated that in writing the novel he was trying to see how far he could make a case for that easily and in a essay, glibly dismissed middle-class, decent, bill-paying, honourable man.

Written at powerpointpresentations, a time when Richler was regularly involved with scriptwriting, Cocksure invites analysis in cinematic terms. There are numerous scenes where he employs techniques that suggest montages, cuts and dissolves. Statement A Mockingbird! And the pervasive dialogue, which at powerpointpresentations, times contributes incrementally to the narrative and at others explodes with appealing wit, could quite easily have been lifted from a film script. In fact, among Richler's papers at the University of Calgary MacKimmie Library, there are several drafts of radio and television versions of certain scenes that are just slightly different from their counterparts in the novel. The critical reception of Cocksure -- published, like all subsequent Richler novels, simultaneously in a mockingbird racism, Toronto, New York and London -- was overwhelmingly enthusiastic. Anthony Burgess, for instance, a reader of the submitted typescript, stated: I have no hesitation in praising it as a serious work of powerpointpresentations literary art -- in public if necessary.

And he went on to do so in a review in Life . The novel firmly established Richler as a writer with an international stature. It was translated into several languages, including Dutch, Italian and Japanese. An extract won the Paris Review Annual Prize for humour. In Canada, Richler was given the Governor General's Award for Cocksure and a collection of essays, Hunting Tigers Under Glass , published also in 1968. In that year, Richler was made writer-in-residence at Sir George Williams University.

St. Urbain's Horseman was still a major preoccupation, but he found time to on brain drain, issue a collection of previously published memoirs and stories about the St. Urbain Street area of Montreal during the 1940s, particularly during the war. There is a strong nostalgic tone in some of powerpointpresentations these pieces, but on unity, the whole Richler retains an objective view of his vanishing past. Some of the short stories -- which in powerpointpresentations, tone are similar to the bits of memoir -- have a young boy as narrator, and many of his experiences parallel Richler's. The narrator's parents, for instance, have an unhappy married life, details of which call to mind what Richler has mentioned about anti book banning his own parents' marriage which ended in divorce when he was thirteen.

St. Urbain's Horseman , which appeared in 1971, was far more ambitiously conceived than his previous novels. It inclusively incorporates and goes beyond their respective restrictive settings. The protagonist, Jake Hersh, a Canadian currently living in London, is powerpointpresentations, older than his predecessors and has far more varied experiences related to his roles as a family man, an artist and an individual conscious of his ethnic and national roots. In A! Moreover, he is obsessed with reviewing his life, which occasions major flashbacks to powerpointpresentations, his boyhood, youth and business ideas, early manhood. Richler draws heavily on powerpointpresentations, his own experiences for this novel; he has observed that Jake is write a essay on corruption in india, closer to powerpointpresentations, him than any of his other protagonists. There are many parallels between the details of their lives. Like Richler, Jake, for instance, spent his boyhood and adolescence in Montreal, admired the International Brigades, fled his stifling Jewish and Canadian environment for London where he intended to prove himself, made trips to Israel and Germany, married a gentile, has divorced parents, and returned in 1967 to Montreal for his father's funeral.

A few accounts of Jake's experiences in the novel are actually verbatim reproductions from published bits of Richler's memoirs with the first person changed to Jake. Jake's sensibility and beliefs also are similar to Richler's. Like his creator, he is apprehensive of aging, feels he belongs to a frivolous generation, is a socialist but distrusts professional liberals and the masses, is ambivalent towards Canada, strives to be a devoted family man, and celebrates decency, tolerance, honour. Richler makes no conscious effort to hide the write a essay on corruption in india, similarities. Despite this, St. Urbain's Horseman is a novel, not an autobiography. It has more incidents imaginatively conceived than drawn unchanged from Richler's own experience.

It strictly maintains, unlike Son of a Smaller Hero , the double presence of author and protagonist. In this richly-textured work, Richler introduced the most complex and challenging symbol of his novels: the Horseman. Critics have offered different interpretations of this elusive figure, perceiving him variously as Jake's conscience, as the powerpointpresentations, redeeming manhood for Jewish men, as The redemptive deliverer of the unity in a, Jews, and as a metaphor for the triumph of art. Each of these interpretations gives the Horseman a single, fixated meaning. However, Richler, who has stated that the novel functions on several levels, evidently intends him as a symbol with multiple meanings, which vary in the three separate but contiguous spheres of the novel: the domestic and social, the powerpointpresentations, racial and ethnical, the professional and artistic.

In the on brain, first sphere, the powerpointpresentations, Horseman is banning, a false god, advocating dubious values; in powerpointpresentations, the second, he is, when considered within the cyclical pattern of Jake's dreams and nightmares, part of Richler's ambitious attempt to create a myth for the contemporary Jew who, having not gone like sheep to the slaughterhouse in Auschwitz and being too fastidious to punish Arab villages with napalm, did not fit a mythology; in the third, the unity, Horseman represents the artist's desire for participation which is constantly in conflict with his inherent role of an observer. This multiple symbolic function of the Horseman, together with the involved narrative, the skilful structural use of layers of powerpointpresentations flashbacks, the extensive gallery of memorable secondary characters (including a middle-aged Duddy Kravitz), and the penetrating portrait of a troubled, ambivalent protagonist, makes this novel a very dense work and has encouraged several critics to consider it Richler's best novel. It was awarded the Governor General's Literary Prize for 1971. The publication of a essay St. Urbain's Horseman marked the end of powerpointpresentations one phase in Richler's life. He began making preparations to return to Canada. In 1972 he took up residence in Montreal and has lived there ever since. His reasons for returning were as mixed as his reasons for leaving eighteen years earlier. They involved, as he has mentioned on business plans ideas, different occasions, a certain nostalgia for the seasons, the Laurentians, and hockey; an odd fascination with Montreal; a realization that Canada was no longer a cultural backwater; an acknowledgement that Canada in powerpointpresentations, recent years has been kind to him as a novelist; and a need to return to the wellsprings of his creative imagination. Richler took nine years to ideas, publish his next novel, Joshua Then and Now (1980). He has admitted that he is powerpointpresentations, increasingly critical of his fiction and works at a far slower pace, occupying himself at business, the same time with complementary activities.

He was Visiting Professor at Carleton University for two years, teaching courses in journalism and literature. He wrote numerous reports and essays and several film and television scripts including that of powerpointpresentations a television play, The Bells of Hell (1974), and of the movie The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz , that earned him nomination for an Academy Award in 1975. He was also appointed to wikipedia, the Editorial Board of the Book-of-the-Month Club in 1976. Powerpointpresentations! The following year, Images in Spain , a volume of anti banning photographs by powerpointpresentations Peter Christopher, appeared, for which Richler provided an extended foreword. Earlier, in 1975, he had published his first, and so far only, children's novel, Jacob Two-Two Meets the Hooded Fang , which further underscores Richler's artistic versatility. The novel is about the wish fulfilment of an incompetent child, who dreams of performing heroic deeds for wikipedia research paper, which he earns the respect of his family. It was praised by reviewers, and powerpointpresentations, won the in a, first annual Ruth Schwartz Children's Book Award in 1976.

Joshua Then and powerpointpresentations, Now (1980) could be read as a companion piece or a sequel to statement kill, St. Urbain's Horseman . The protagonist, Joshua Shapiro, is similar in temperament and sensibility to Jake Hersh. Richler could be speaking of Jake when he describes Joshua as a man charged with contradictions. Though Joshua is not as intensely introspective as Jake, he is like him neurotically insecure in his social and family life; he adheres to traditional moral values, yet has a perceptible streak of malice in him; he is sympathetic yet sardonic; he has nightmares about his gentile wife's infidelity; he is powerpointpresentations, tormented by fear of real and unity in a essay, imagined Nazi butchers; and he is powerpointpresentations, obsessively conscious of his mortality. Both Joshua and Jake were born in Montreal and banning essay, lived in similar domestic and powerpointpresentations, communal environments, though particulars differ. Both developed artistic interests -- Jake as film director and Joshua as a journalist and write in india, occasional historian of the International Brigades. Both fled their constricting homeland for Paris, Spain and powerpointpresentations, London. And in both novels there are numerous flashbacks to the protagonists' childhood and youth in essays drain, Montreal and their early manhood in Europe. The current action of the earlier novel occurs in 1967 when Jake is in his late thirties; in Joshua Then and Now , it is 1977, and Joshua, ten years older than his predecessor, has returned to live in Montreal. Of the great abundance of fascinating characters and absorbing episodes in this involved book, one reviewer said that a more parsimonious novelist might have spread [them] over several novels.

To give shape to all this material, Richler employs an intricate pattern of flashbacks. While the powerpointpresentations, flashbacks in St. Urbain's Horseman adhere more or less to a straightforward chronology, in Joshua Then and banning, Now rapid and constant shifts back and forth among several time sequences occur. This structure, over which Richler said he had laboured for powerpointpresentations, a long time (and which a few reviewers found dizzying), serves several purposes. Write A Essay On Corruption In India! It allows Richler effectively to create -- what is now an powerpointpresentations, established characteristic of his novels - suspense, of which the Times Literary Supplement reviewer says: I have seldom seen it used more skilfully. More important, the structure complements Richler's portrayal of Joshua as a man obsessed with what he once was and write a essay, what he is now. The flashbacks are not randomly thrown together but are informed by the organizing principle of powerpointpresentations contrast between past and research paper, present. And Richler uses this contrast to accentuate his main themes: man's mortality and ephemerality, the ironical reversal of powerpointpresentations fortune occasioned by the passage of time, and the constricting hold past incidents can have on on brain drain in india, the individual and his need to exorcize himself of such a possessive past. The origins of Joshua Then and Now and powerpointpresentations, certain parallels between Joshua's and Richler's experiences inevitably invite consideration of the closeness of the author and his protagonist. Joshua Then and Now originated with Richler's return to Spain in 1976 after an absence of twenty-five years to drain in india, write an introductory essay for powerpointpresentations, Images of essays drain Spain . Richler was accompanied by powerpointpresentations his wife, a fact which reminds the reader that Joshua Then and Now is thesis statement racism, fictional though based in parts on powerpointpresentations, Richler's experiences. After two weeks in Spain, during which time he revisited Ibiza where, like Joshua, he had lived for a short time in plans, his youth, Richler produced not a travel piece but a very long essay about what Ibiza had once meant to him.

For Images of Spain , Richler wrote a separate introduction which, though it says much about the geography, history and customs, is powerpointpresentations, essentially dry, for Richler's more personal responses and his more meaningful visit to Ibiza were removed for inclusion in wikipedia paper, what was to become Joshua Then and Now . He rewrote the longer, personal essay as a memoir of powerpointpresentations his experiences in write a essay on corruption, Ibiza and London, and later revised this memoir, transforming it into a work written in the first person which was teetering between a memoir and a novel, and eventually into its present novel form where the third person replaces the first person. But elements of the memoir are clearly evident, as Richler himself mentions: I remember, as Joshua does in my novel. Powerpointpresentations! coming on this picture of Franco striding through shelled Madrid -- a conqueror. I don't know quite what it meant to me at that time. I don't pretend that I was politically conscious at thesis statement for to a mockingbird racism, the age of 8 or 9, but for some reason it did move me. The novel was extensively and favourably reviewed in Canada, Britain and the United States.

Some reviewers, however, found it uncomfortably familiar. One, otherwise positive, said, It's as if a rich and unusual body of fictional material had become a kind of prison for a writer who is condemned to repeat himself ever more vehemently and inflexibly. Richler is currently working on powerpointpresentations, a novel partially set in the North West Territories, which is a new setting for him. Perhaps in this new novel we shall see him, like Joshua, liberating himself from a possessive past. While working on this new novel, Richler has continued to be a scriptwriter and a journalist.

He wrote the business, script for the movie of Joshua Then and Now (1984), and published two books, an anthology The Best of Modern Humour (1983) and Home Sweet Home (1984), a selection of previously published journalistic essays and reports. Richler takes himself very seriously as a journalist, and no introduction to his work should ignore this aspect of his writing. While he dismisses scriptwriting as a means of buying time for his novels and as a form not worthy of the serious novelist, journalism is another matter. I like journalism, he states frankly; I take as much care of my journalism as anything I write. He is a prolific journalist, with about four hundred pieces published in powerpointpresentations, both popular and prestigious journals and plans ideas, magazines in Canada, the United States and powerpointpresentations, Britain. His work has appeared since the 1950s in publications such as Punch , New Statesman , Commentary , Kenyon Review , Atlantic Monthly , New York Times Book Review , Saturday Night , Canadian Literature , Playboy , Life and Weekend Magazine . Not unexpectedly for one who has written so much and in such a range of a essay on corruption publications, his journalism is uneven in powerpointpresentations, quality. Some articles are written simply to startle or to be controversial, some are repetitive and self-plagiarizing, some are hasty opinions evidently written to be discarded and forgotten, and some are very serious, written with great deliberation over matter and unity in a essay, style. Richler himself has selected and edited the pieces important to him in five collections: Hunting Tigers Under Glass (1968), The Street (1969), Shovelling Trouble (1972), Notes on an Endangered Species and Others (1974) and Home Sweet Home (1984). Mordecai Richler has described himself as a serious novelist and affirms that any serious writer is powerpointpresentations, essentially a moralist. But to come to his work for homilies and axioms is to be disappointed.

His novels conclude with no formulated wisdom. Though he celebrates the traditional virtues, what concerns him is anti, his protagonists' process of discovering the validity of these virtues in a more or less amoral, contemporary society, and their conflicting desire both to powerpointpresentations, protest against this society and to accommodate themselves to it. All his novels so far reflect this thematic pattern and bear out his observation that every serious writer has. Statement For To A Mockingbird Racism! one theme, many variations to play on it. The Acrobats . Powerpointpresentations! London: Deutsch, 1954. Son of a Smaller Hero . London: Deutsch, 1957. The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz . London: Deutsch, 1959.

The Incomparable Atuk . Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1963. Cocksure . Unity! Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1968. Hunting Tigers Under Glass: Essays and Reports . Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1968. Canadian Writing Today , ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970. The Street: A Memoir . Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1971. St. Urbain's Horseman . Toronto: McClelland and powerpointpresentations, Stewart, 1971. Shovelling Trouble . Toronto: McClelland and on corruption, Stewart, 1972. Notes on an Endangered Species and Others . New York: Knopf, 1974. Powerpointpresentations! (Most of these essays appear in Shovelling Trouble .) Jacob Two-Two Meets the Hooded Fang . Thesis Statement For To Racism! Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1975.

Images of powerpointpresentations Spain (with Peter Christopher). Anti Banning! Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1977. (A volume of photographs with text by Richler.) Joshua Then and Now . Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1980. The Best of Modern Humour . Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1983. Home Sweet Home . Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1984. The Mordecai Richler papers: first accession.

An inventory of the archive at powerpointpresentations, the University of Calgary Libraries . Compiler: Sandra Mortensen. Editors: Apollonia Steele [and] Jean F. Tener. Biocritical essay: Victor J. Ramraj. Business Plans! [Calgary] University of Calgary Press [c1987]

Why Boeing is Superior than Airbus. BERLIN (Reuters) – Boeing Co. sold more aircraft in 2006 than rival Airbus for the first time in five years, the Financial Times Deutschland reported on Tuesday. The newspaper said in an advance of an powerpointpresentations, article to appear on Wednesday that Boeing has published data showing 904 new orders as of December 20 versus 714 for Airbus, a figure including 635 new orders at end November plus new orders published in December. A spokeswoman for wikipedia paper Airbus was quoted in the advance text saying 2006 will be “the second best year in the company’s history for orders and deliveries” regardless of the powerpointpresentations, end of year ranking. Need essay sample on Why Boeing is Superior than Airbus ? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for anti banning essay you for only $13.90/page. Boeing last sold more aircraft than Airbus in 2000. According to company Web sites and powerpointpresentations Reuter’s calculations last week, Boeing had 875 new orders by business plans December 21 against Airbus’ 694. We should agree that B747 jumbo and the A380 superjumbo by nothing that by focusing on these two aircrafts, we ignore the impact of the latter’s launch on other long range wide-bodies, of which the A330 and the A340 are of the most interest from Airbus’ perspective. This runs somewhat counter to the conclusion from the discrete choice random utility model estimated by Irwin and Pavenik [2001] to infer the structure of the demand for differentiated airplane offering: they conclude that the entry of the A380 will indeed toughen price competition and reduced the 747’s market share, but that the cannibalization of the A330 and powerpointpresentations the A340 will be even greater (although Airbus’ aggregate share, including the A380, will increase). Their results seems to unity essay, be driven, however, by their assumption that cross-price elasticities are the powerpointpresentations, same across all products within the long-range segment – an assumption that most analysts and industry executives would reject – and by thesis statement for to kill racism their focus on the market share changes that ensure if incumbent products can adjust prices in response to powerpointpresentations, entry: the price of the 747 falls significantly, so that its market share loss is limited, while the plans ideas, prices of the A330 and 340 optimally do not, so that they experience greater market share losses. Remember that the 747 is both more profitable, prior to the launch of the superjumbo, than the A330 and A340, and closer in powerpointpresentations product space to the new product.

Or to make the same point in a different way, even if the A380 does significantly cannibalize the A330 and the A340, that simply decreases the wikipedia research, financial attractiveness of the superjumbo from powerpointpresentations Airbus’ perspective; if Boeing continues to book essay, have a sufficiently larger amount of market value at stake on its key product, the 747, the puzzle as to why Boeing didn’t preempt persists. As it merged with McDonnell Douglas in 1997, Boeing abandoned a market-share strategy to powerpointpresentations, focus on producing airplanes that were sales successes. Mulally quickly whittled down Boeing’s lineup, eliminating the poor sellers from the McDonnell Douglas stable, but also pulling the plug on some of Boeing’s best-known aircraft that were past their prime. Unity In A Essay? As a result, Boeing now has three main aircraft families, the 737, 777 and upcoming 787. Each distinguished itself this past year: the 737 by introducing the -900ER–a long-range, growth version–to counter Airbus’s A321; the 777 by dominating sales in the heavy-lift portion of the mid-size market segment, and the 787 by posting an order book so strong it has forced Airbus to powerpointpresentations, abandon a me-too response and completely revamp its competitor, the unity, A350. As Airbus emphasized seating size, Boeing concentrated on the middle market. It was willing to wait 10 years for advances in engine technology to build a third-generation 747 for the ultra-large market. Powered by the General Electric GEnx, the powerpointpresentations, 747-8 isn’t going to change the thesis a mockingbird, world the way the original did. But for Mulally, that was OK. Boeing expects to find profits in the 747-8, but regards sales of 450-plus-seat aircraft as only a niche market. Powerpointpresentations? Rather than seek economies through scale, the 787 will deliver economy through technological innovation, making the most of newly designed, fuel-efficient twin engines and write on corruption in india lightweight composite materials.

The 787 offers a very different take on powerpointpresentations the flying experience, too, focusing on comfort rather than perks that could be eliminated by airlines: more standing headroom, larger windows and bathrooms, and write higher humidity–all features that will benefit passengers regardless of seat configuration. If Airbus appears to covet recognition in the Guinness Book of World Records, Boeing seems predisposed to making a favorable impression in airlines’ inventories. To date, carriers have ordered 159 A380s, and almost twice as many 787s. Powerpointpresentations? Second, and even more importantly, Boeing’s 787 represents an appealing alternative. It’s based on a fundamentally different vision, and it is radically different by design. Airbus responding to wikipedia research paper, Boeing’s argument The two aviation companies who have been competing each other for a long time. Years ago Boeing made its B-747, which remained the biggest aircraft for decades. Then, Airbus made its A-380, which is the most luxurious and most spacious aircraft.

The 747 will still have a faster sprint speed than the A380, with 747-8 being able to do a max cruise of . 89, and a max mach number of . 92, as compared to a max mach on . 89 on powerpointpresentations A380, but only by a shade, they’ll cruise pretty close to plans ideas, each other. The 777 can run at near 747 cruise, but again, lacks 747’s full sprint ability. The 787 will cruise at roughly 748 speeds, though its sprint capabilities are yet to powerpointpresentations, be seen. The Airbus A380 super-jumbo is a plane for a essay the annals of aviation history. When it goes into service later this year, it will be the biggest, airliner around, capable of ferrying from 550 to 800 passengers (depending on configuration). With its two full-length decks and powerpointpresentations the promise of amenities such as sleeper cabins, cocktail lounges and a gym, it is sure to capture the public’s imagination. But for all its promise of innovation, the A380 represents a bet-the-house wager on in india one of the most disliked same-old models of air travel: the hub-and-spoke. The A380 is built around the assumption that airlines will continue to fly smaller planes on shorter routes (spokes) into a few large hubs, then onward to the next hub on giant airplanes.

It also presumes that passengers will want to put up with the hassles of changing planes in exchange for the privilege of traveling in powerpointpresentations a jet-powered cruise liner. Both Airbus and wikipedia research paper Boeing have a hedge in their back pocket. To compete directly with the A380, Boeing’s 747-8 uses fuel-efficient engines like the 787 to carry 450 passengers. To counter the 787, Airbus is offering a white elephant called the A350, which has been widely derided as out of step with the changing times. In response, the A380 is far more technologically advanced than the 747. Recall, the 747 has been continually modified over powerpointpresentations, 4 decades since its launch in the 1960’s, and banning essay the basis of its structure is virtually unchanged whereas the A380 is a completely NEW 21st century design. Further, the powerpointpresentations, power plants and avionics are LEADING EDGE. In fact, the engines deliver more power to weight ratio and can deliver 12% cost savings on fuel alone. And this is anti essay out of the box figures so to speak – no tweaking.

Given that the A380 is MUCH larger and powerpointpresentations HEAVIER than a 747, seats more passengers, offer more comfort and brings us into the next level of air travel, one’s neurons would not be taxed when contemplating how the A380’s 12% fuel saving came about or? – yes, by embracing superior technology to produce a better design. The 747 was a wonderful aircraft for its time but it really cant compare with the fabulously engineered A380. Its important to remember that the larger the aircraft the essays in india, more problems you have to overcome. For example, how to keep wings that large from sagging under their own weight while at powerpointpresentations, the same time keeping them flexible enough for flight. The only aircraft thats more impressive is the write a essay on corruption, super-heavy-duty An-225 with its titanium load floor, great range, and load capacity, and ability to land on dirt, snow, or rough, unprepared run-ways. Then again the Russians have always been the best airframe designers. Boeing versus Airbus is one of the most hard-fought, closely watched marketing battles out there. It’s also one of the most fascinating. Not long ago, it appeared as if Airbus had gained the upper hand. If Boeing succeeds in winning this battle –and it appears to powerpointpresentations, be well on its way–it will amount to one of the great reversals of business fortunes. It will also serve as proof of the paper, wisdom of powerpointpresentations understanding the marketplace well enough to lead, rather than follow.

The year 2006 saw Boeing take in some 25 percent more orders than its European rival Airbus, according to a report in the “Financial Times Deutschland newspaper”. According to an annual report issued by Boeing, the Chicago based company had 904 orders in the year up to Dec. 20 versus 714 for statement for to kill a mockingbird racism Airbus, a figure including 635 new orders at powerpointpresentations, the end of November plus new orders published in December. Boeing’s new, more fuel-efficient 787 “Dreamliner” jet and wikipedia paper 777 aircraft proved to be the prize attractions. Why should we conclude in favour of powerpointpresentations Boeing.

Boeing is focused now on pressing the five-year lead it enjoys over anti essay, Airbus in delivery of the 787 vs. the A350. Powerpointpresentations? Airbus finally launched the A350 this month but won’t deliver it to airlines for wikipedia paper 6-? years. Boeing’s new airplane, the first passenger plane built entirely with plastic composites, is scheduled to enter service in 2008. Powerpointpresentations? So 2007, when the first 787s are assembled and tested, really begins a new era. The A380 — the largest airliner ever — will be two years late because of severe, unresolved production problems. A new chief executive hired in July to fix the mess, Christian Streiff, resigned abruptly in October.

He criticized the company’s unwieldy transnational organization and said a massive restructuring was needed. Boeing’s strongest argument is that the air-travel market is fragmenting. People want to travel direct to their long-haul destinations, not squeeze into huge planes before changing later to smaller ones at crowded hub airports in order to reach their final destination. The success of the 747 was ensured by the fact that its huge wings and fuel tanks allowed it to anti book essay, fly farther than any other plane. But smaller widebody jets half the size of the new Airbus can fly as far as the powerpointpresentations, A380.

These planes open up the statement for to a mockingbird, long-haul market while reducing the airlines’ risk, because they need to fill fewer seats to cover the trip cost. AIRBUS’S long-awaited Superjumbo will bounce back from its current difficulties and take the aviation world by storm, according to powerpointpresentations, a leading industry expert. Now, keeping in view all above information and all the claims of Boeing and wikipedia Airbus, the current market situation witnesses the powerpointpresentations, lead of Boeing against Airbus in the industry. As for instance, American freight carrier FedEx has cancelled an order for 10 A380s and switched to rival US manufacturer Boeing due to write on corruption in india, the delays. Virgin Atlantic Airways has also deferred delivery of the first of its A380s until 2013. Meanwhile Emirates, the programme’s biggest customer with 45 planes, is sending auditors to France, where the aircraft’s construction has been held up, to powerpointpresentations, make sure Airbus can stick to write on corruption in india, the latest schedule. Editor of Air International Malcolm English predicted the company’s A380 Superjumbo, whose wings are made in Broughton, North Wales, would crush competition from the powerpointpresentations, likes of rival airliner Boeing. His words will provide some comfort to Airbus bosses and thousands of Welsh workers who have had to anti book banning essay, contend with a steady stream of bad news since the two-year delay to powerpointpresentations, deliveries of the write a essay in india, A380 because of powerpointpresentations wiring problems was announced. As of Dec. 20, Boeing (NYSE: BA) posted 904 net orders for the year, while Airbus has recorded 713, based on total orders as of Nov.

30 plus the number of orders published during December. Boeing’s 787 Dreamliner continues to outshine Airbus’ A380 superjumbo jet on drain in india the order books. Boeing took in 147 Dreamliner orders during the year. Airbus found itself announcing delays in powerpointpresentations the A380 program and business is faced with few new orders for powerpointpresentations the 555-seat jet. At the same time, current customers, such as Emirates Airlines, threaten to cancel orders or demand financial compensation for late deliveries. According to Boeing, the 787 is the result of over wikipedia, a decade of focus groups and scientific studies to gain a better understanding of passenger comfort and how the design of airplane interiors can make flying a more pleasant experience. If Airbus made comparable efforts, we are hard-pressed to find the powerpointpresentations, evidence. What Boeing needs to statement for to kill racism, maintain superiority. Boeing Commercial Airplanes combines a strong focus on building the highest quality airplanes with the development and application of new and innovative technologies that continuously improve safety, passenger comfort, operational efficiency and environmental responsibility. “We apply pioneering technologies to our airplanes and services based on powerpointpresentations the needs of the marketplace,” said Randy Tinseth, director of plans ideas Product and Services Marketing, Boeing Commercial Airplanes. “These investments mean more value for our customers and passengers, which is why Boeing leads the industry with exciting new airplane developments in every size category.

” The central focus of Boeing product development efforts is the study of new technologies that can be applied to the full line of Boeing jetliners, as well as the powerpointpresentations, 7E7 “Dreamliner. ” The keys to the development of the 7E7 “Dreamliner” are the same as the initiatives that are being pursued across the for to racism, board: airplane efficiency, economics, passenger comfort, reduced emissions and quiet operations. Boeing investments in powerpointpresentations the future must not be limited to just new airplanes, they also must continue the enhancement of anti book essay current product line, incorporating appropriate new technology and more capability, Tinseth said in an interview. “This means more value for our customers, as we work with them in leading the industry with exciting new airplane developments in every size category. ” The work that Boeing and their technology partners have conducted, including the powerpointpresentations, examination of new configurations, propulsion, manufacturing processes, flight-deck technologies and advanced materials and plans ideas systems, will provide incremental benefits as they are incorporated into new airplane variants. “With the 7E7, Boeing continues the tradition of leading the way – using innovative technology to advance the powerpointpresentations, future of flight with revolutionary new products,” Tinseth said. Wikipedia Paper? “The 7E7 will be the next great advancement in flight, offering a new world of possibilities. It will be a new sensation for passengers, a new model of success for airlines, and an environmental leader. ” Resources. DW staff (jen), “Boeing Overtakes Airbus in powerpointpresentations New Orders for 2006” http://www. dw-world. de/dw/article/0,2144,2291760,00. html Marc E. Babej and Tim Pollak 05. 24. 06, 6:00 AM ET, “Boeing Versus Airbus” http://www. forbes. Wikipedia Research Paper? com/2006/05/23/unsolicited-advice-advertising-cx_meb_0524boeing. html Robert J. Samuelson Wednesday, December 8, 2004, “the Airbus Showdown” http://www. washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/articles/A45509-2004Dec7. html http://www. airliners. net/discussions/aviation_polls http://www. askcaptainlim. com/asB777vsA340issues. htm#Boeing http://www. businessweek. com/bwdaily/dnflash/content/dec2006 http://icwales. icnetwork. co. uk/0100news/0200wales/ http://www. Powerpointpresentations? airlinepilotforums. com/ Chicago Tribune, United States – Dec 30.

The management of Anna Industries is considering a plan to terminate a new employee. The action stemmed from documented evidence supplied by the firm’s accounting department that this new employee did not add as much to the firm’s overall output as did a worker hired two weeks earlier. Based on research paper this evidence, do you agree … We are live streaming the Entrepreneur 360™ Conference. Enjoy main-stage presentations, panel discussions and more. Although inflation is generally thought of as an inordinate increase in the general price level, throughout the history of economics the causes of inflation and the definition of inflation itself remained as an unresolved issue. There is a general agreement that, in the long-run, inflation is a monetary phenomenon.

In short-run, however, many other factors … According the article, most of the main problems have to deal with the supply side of things with a couple of demand determinants. The biggest problem, and the reason for the article, is to bring to powerpointpresentations, light the decline of the orange-juice market. Main factors in the decline, according to the article, are people are …

2017 Most Affordable Colleges in New York. Scroll down to see our top-ranked colleges in New York, loans and scholarships for New York students, and advice on how to save money going to powerpointpresentations, college in New York. Want to see the top online colleges in New York? View them here. Also on this page: This search widget accesses a list of schools that help sponsor this website by paying a small fee for student inquiries. They are all accredited institutions. Some may be included in our rankings, but that is not related to their participation as an essays, advertiser. In general, evaluating as many schools as possible (whether through this widget or through other sources of information) will help you find the best fit.

Farmingdale State College in Farmingdale, New York is part of the powerpointpresentations State University of plans ideas New York (SUNY) system and ranked 28th in U.S. News World Report's 2015 list of the best colleges in the Northern United States. Institutional grants or scholarships are provided to 45% of full-time beginning undergraduates, and the school offers three types of institutional scholarships: Alumni Scholarships, Farmingdale College Foundation Scholarships and the Institute for Learning Retirement Scholarship. The school offers more than 40 Foundation Scholarships and powerpointpresentations three Alumni Scholarships, which range between $500 and unity essay $1,000 per year. Foundation Scholarship amounts vary, but the Farmingdale Foundation Scholarship for freshmen provides $1,000 scholarships to 20 first-year students. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. CUNY Queens College has alumni that range from famous musicians like Paul Simon and Carole King to powerpointpresentations, popular comedians like Jerry Seinfeld and plans ideas Ray Romano. Incoming freshmen with excellent academic records can apply to become Queens College Scholars and powerpointpresentations receive merit-based scholarships that cover up to half of ideas their tuition (presently $6,030 per year). All full-time students can apply for the Queens College Foundation Internal Scholarship, which offers between $250 and powerpointpresentations $2,500 per wikipedia paper semester to powerpointpresentations, academically excellent students with financial need. CUNY Queens College is also one of the eight CUNY institutions that participates in the Macaulay Honors College program, which offers full-tuition scholarships to a essay on corruption in india, the school's most academically competitive applicants.

Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. CUNY Bernard M Baruch College in Manhattan has a long list of notable alumni that includes 12 Nobel laureates, fashion designer Ralph Lauren and actress Jennifer Lopez. Baruch College provides institutional grants or scholarships to 15% of powerpointpresentations full-time beginning undergraduates and federal grants to 46% of these students. Upon admission, all students are automatically considered for full or partial merit-based scholarships, including Baruch's Freshman Merit Scholarship, which covers full-tuition for selected students that have at least a 90 academic average and 1300 SAT score. Plans! New York residents are also eligible for the state's Tuition Assistance Program, which provides annual awards ranging from $500 to $5,000 depending on financial need. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

CUNY York College in powerpointpresentations, Jamaica, Queens was founded in 1966 with an unity in a, entering class of 371 students and today has an enrollment of over 8,000 students. Powerpointpresentations! While 81% of full-time beginning undergraduates receive some type of financial aid, only 1% of these students receive institutional grants or scholarships. Entering students are eligible for two institutional scholarship programs: the York College Merit Scholars Program and the York College Foundation Scholarship Program, which provides awards of $1,000 to $4,000 per year. State and local grants are awarded to 72% of kill a mockingbird racism full-time beginning undergraduates, and the college participates in state grant programs like Tuition Assistance Program (TAP), which provides awards ranging from $250 to $2,500 per powerpointpresentations semester. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on on brain drain Higher Education. Powerpointpresentations! CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice. Anti Banning! Founded in 1964, CUNY John Jay College of powerpointpresentations Criminal Justice was the first liberal arts college in the United States that focused on criminal justice and forensic science. Essays Drain! John Jay College offers scholarships to academically outstanding students and has awarded more than $2.5 Million dollars in scholarship funds over the past five years. Incoming freshmen interested in pursuing a degree in powerpointpresentations, computer science or forensic science can apply for the Computer Science and Forensic Science Scholarship, which provides up to $5,000 toward freshman year tuition and $7,500 each year after. The Hecht Scholarship is also available to incoming freshmen and provides awards of $2,500 per year. John Jay's most academically competitive applicants can receive full-tuition scholarships through CUNY's Macaulay Honors College.

Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Buffalo State SUNY was founded in 1871 as a teacher's college but today offers 171 undergraduate degree programs and 61 graduate programs. Most students at Buffalo State Suny can expect grant or scholarship aid, with 65% of undergraduates receiving grants or scholarships from governmental, institutional and unity in a essay private sources and powerpointpresentations 46% receiving Pell Grants. Of all full-time beginning undergraduates, 68% receive institutional aid or scholarships, and the school offers over 15 institutional scholarships to first-year freshman, primarily based on academic merit. Transfer students have fewer options but are automatically considered for a Transfer Student Merit Scholarship, which is nonrenewable and offers a maximum award of drain $1,000 their first year. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. CUNY Hunter College is located on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, and powerpointpresentations is the largest college in the City University of New York (CUNY) system. Although close to 70% of full-time beginning undergraduates receive some financial aid, only 6% receive institutional grants or scholarships.

Through the Freshman Scholars Program, Hunter College provides merit-based scholarships to freshmen in book banning essay, several academic disciplines. The Muse Scholarship, for example, is provided to students with talent in the arts, and powerpointpresentations it covers a significant portion of the recipient's tuition for four-years. Another freshman scholarship, the essays on brain Jenny Hunter Scholarship, provides academically outstanding students with $1,000 tuition awards for four-years. Additionally, incoming students admitted into powerpointpresentations CUNY's Macaulay Honors College receive full-tuition scholarships. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. According to U.S. News World Report's 2015 college rankings, CUNY Brooklyn College in Brooklyn, New York is the 70th best university in the Northern United States. Brooklyn College provides institutional grants or scholarships to 6% of drain in india full-time beginning undergraduates, with more than 600 scholarships and awards available to undergraduate and graduate students each year. Through the Brooklyn College Foundation's Presidential Scholarship, students receive up to $4,000 per powerpointpresentations year for four-years. Federal Pell Grants are awarded to wikipedia research, 52% of full-time beginning undergraduates, with awards ranging from powerpointpresentations $302 to in india, $5,645 depending on powerpointpresentations funding. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

The 604-acre campus of SUNY College at Old Westbury is unity home to a little more than 4,500 students who have the option of pursuing one of 45 undergraduate majors and degree offerings and 15 graduate degree programs. The average Pell Grant award for the 2013-2014 school year was $4,805. Fifty-seven percent of the powerpointpresentations students at SUNY College Old Westbury qualified to receive the grant. The Leeds Scholarship supports students (beginning freshmen as well as continuing and transfer students) who are of African, Hispanic/Latino, or Native American heritage. Applicants must be New York State residents. Currently enrolled students, who are at least in their sophomore year, can also apply for the Old Westbury Award ($2,000). Accreditation: Middle States Commission on thesis statement a mockingbird racism Higher Education. Located in the heart of powerpointpresentations New York City, CUNY City College is the flagship location of the anti banning essay City University of New York system. Powerpointpresentations! Over 75% of full-time beginning undergraduates receive some type of essays on brain in india financial aid, although only powerpointpresentations 5% receive institutional grants or scholarships. Scholarships to incoming freshmen and transfer students are awarded primarily based on research paper merit rather than financial need, including the full-tuition scholarship offered to students admitted into the school's Macaulay Honors College.

The college also participates in the state of New York's SEEK Program, which provides economically disadvantaged students with up to ten semesters of tuition assistance (ranging from $500 to $5,000 per semester) and powerpointpresentations grants to cover the cost of paper CUNY fees, books and supplies. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Formed from the powerpointpresentations merger of the SUNY Institute of Technology and the SUNY College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, the SUNY Polytechnic Institute offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in unity in a, nanoscience and powerpointpresentations nanoengineering. In India! SUNY Poly typically awards merit scholarships to the top 20 percent of admitted freshmen each year. Transfer students with excellent academic records may be eligible for the Transfer Achievement Scholarship ($1,500 or $2,000 for two years). Transfer students who have overcome adversity or who can demonstrate contribution to the diversity of the student body may be considered for the Empire Diversity Honors Scholarship ($750 to $1,500 per semester for two years). The President's Opportunity Fund for Student Success Scholarship supports returning SUNY Poly students who have unmet financial need. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on powerpointpresentations Higher Education. The Fashion Institute of Technology in New York City has several alumni that are notable fashion industry powerhouses, including Michael Kors and Calvin Klein.

Financial aid is provided to 69% of full-time beginning undergraduates, with 15% of book essay these students receiving institutional grants or scholarships. Institutional scholarships and grants are funded through private donations made to the Educational Foundation for the Fashion Industries and are most often awarded to second, third and fourth year students with demonstrated financial need and powerpointpresentations professional promise. Full-time students in business plans ideas, the institute's International Trade and Marketing Department, for example, can receive a Full-Time Scholarship that provides New York residents with the powerpointpresentations full cost of tuition and wikipedia research non-residents with half the powerpointpresentations cost of tuition. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on unity essay Higher Education. A lakeside campus with nearly 700 acres, SUNY Oswego is a comprehensive university offering its academic community of around 8,000 students the chance to pursue one of 110 majors, minors, graduate and cooperative programs.

SUNY Oswego has the following merit-based scholarships for incoming freshmen from New York state: Presidential Scholarships ($4,700 annually), Dean Scholarships ($1,500 annually), and the Merit Scholarships ($750 annually). International students and non-New York state residents may qualify for the Destination Oswego Scholarship ($5,000 to $8,000 annually). High-achieving students with significant financial need and who are entering STEM fields may be considered for the Possibility Scholarship. When combined with other need-based aid, Possibility Scholars can receive a full ride scholarship that can be worth more than $20,000 annually. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. SUNY Plattsburg's extensive internship program gives its students real-world experience as well as the chance to develop important career connections. Powerpointpresentations! Freshmen with excellent academic records may be considered for the following merit-based scholarships: Presidential Scholarship ($6,470 to $10,470/year), Freshmen Academic Excellence Scholarship ($3,500 to $6,500/year), Freshmen Merit Scholarship ($3,000 to $6,000/year), and the Freshmen Recognition Scholarship ($4,000/year). There are also scholarships available for anti banning, transfer students: Transfer Achievement Scholarship ($500 to $5,000/year), Transfer Merit Scholarship, ($1,000 to $5,000/year), and the Transfer Recognition Scholarship ($4,000/year). Freshmen admitted to the Educational Opportunity Program (EOP) based on an economic or academic disadvantaged status may apply for the First Year EOP Scholarship ($1750). Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Founded in 1931 as the Bronx campus of CUNY's Hunter College, CUNY Lehman College became an independent institution in 1967.

Of all full-time beginning undergraduates at powerpointpresentations Lehman College, 86% receive some type of financial aid; 8% of them receive institutional grants or scholarships. Incoming students can apply for the Lehman Foundation Scholarship, which provides awards of $1,000 to plans, $5,730 per year to academically outstanding students. Powerpointpresentations! Incoming freshmen with especially outstanding academic records can apply for unity essay, admission to CUNY's Macaulay Honors College and powerpointpresentations receive full-tuition scholarships. Anti Book Banning Essay! The college also participates in New York state's SEEK Program, which provides academic and financial support to economically disadvantaged students, including grants to cover the costs of fees, books and supplies and up to powerpointpresentations, ten semesters of tuition assistance. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. With too many notable women alumnae to name, Barnard College in New York City is one of the most prestigious private women's liberal art colleges in the U.S. Barnard believes that a student's family is first and foremost responsible for financing her education. That said, the college does provide institutional grants or scholarships to 39% of full-time beginning undergraduates. Barnard does not, however, provide any merit-based scholarships; all scholarships are need-based.

Barnard College determines need through a Barnard Need Analysis formula, which differs from the Federal Methodology formula and considers income and a essay in india assets from all assets, even home equity. Powerpointpresentations! When considering aid from unity in a all sources (institutional, federal, state, local and private), 45% of all undergraduates at Barnard receive scholarships and grants. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Located in the foothills of the Allegheny Mountains, Alfred University has a progressive history as one of the powerpointpresentations first colleges in the U.S. to admit women, African Americans and Native Americans. Today's students can expect substantial help with the cost of attendance, with 98% of full-time beginning undergraduates receiving institutional grants or scholarships. Pell Grants are awarded to 38% of all students, and the school also offers an business plans ideas, interest-free monthly payment plan and employment through the Federal Work-Study program.

Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. With a 464-acre campus that lies along the historic Erie Canal, the SUNY College at Brockport offers 49 undergraduate majors, over 50 master's degree programs and teacher certification in 26 specializations. Powerpointpresentations! For the business academic year 2013-2014, the Extraordinary Academic Scholarship Program of the college granted more than $2 million in scholarships to powerpointpresentations, entering freshmen. High-achieving beginning students are automatically considered for the following scholarships: Presidential Scholar-in-Residence (up to $18,000 for four-years), the Dean's Scholar Program ($9,000 for four-years) and the Scholar Recognition Award for Out-of-State Students ($4,000 for four-years). Juniors, seniors and graduate students at SUNY College at Brockport who are STEM majors may be considered for a National Science Foundation grant ($5,400/year). Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Located on a 930-acre wooded campus above the Susquehanna River, Binghamton University is a premier public university with rigorous academics and a dedicated, multi-awarded faculty.

Incoming freshmen who plan to study finance, human resources, MIS, marketing or operation management may be eligible for anti book banning, the Allen Ellen Zwicker Scholarship. Powerpointpresentations! Political Science majors with good academic background may be considered for the Paul Joyce Smith Scholarship. Freshmen with demonstrable financial need and who have been accepted to the Decker School of Nursing may be eligible for the Lester Casper Nursing Scholarship. The Charlene Roger Kramer Scholarship supports admitted freshmen from New York State with a record of academic excellence who can show financial need. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on write a essay on corruption Higher Education. A leading research institution, Stony Brook University offers students an enviable selection of powerpointpresentations educational options - 68 undergraduate majors and anti book banning 80 minors, over 100 master's programs, 40 doctoral programs and 30 graduate certificate programs.

Entering freshmen who are finalists or semi-finalists in the INTEL Science Talent Search National Competition or the National Merit Scholarships Competition are considered for powerpointpresentations, a scholarship of $3,000 per year for write on corruption, four-years. Incoming freshmen with high academic achievements and who have overcome a disadvantage or impediment to higher education may be eligible for powerpointpresentations, the Empire State Diversity Honors Scholarship. Valedictorians and thesis for to salutatorians of their graduating high school class who have been admitted to the university are automatically considered for the Valedictorian and powerpointpresentations Salutatorian Scholarships. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. SUNY Oneonta is a 250-acre campus ideally located in the hills of Central New York, where undergraduates and unity graduate students can pursue their chosen field of study from a pool of 70 undergraduate majors, 71 minors, and 14 graduate and post-baccalaureate programs. High-achieving freshmen are automatically considered for the following merit-based scholarships: Presidential Scholarship ($6,170 annually), Dean's Scholarship ($3,000 annually) and the Organization of Auxiliary Services Merit Scholarship ($2,000 annually). Freshmen who will contribute to powerpointpresentations, the diversity of the student body and who have excellent academic history are eligible for the Presidential Diversity Scholarship and the Organization of Auxiliary Services Diversity Student Leadership Scholarship. A Essay On Corruption In India! Each award is valued at $6,170 annually. Powerpointpresentations! Accreditation: Middle States Commission on thesis for to Higher Education. The SUNY College at Fredonia was established in 1826 as a regional center for teacher training, and became one of the four-year colleges in powerpointpresentations, the State University of New York system in unity in a, 1948. Freshmen who are Biology and Molecular Genetics majors can apply for the Yunghans-Mirabelli Science Achievement Award, while beginning students who are Bio-chemistry and Chemistry majors can vie for the Kelly/Kaminsky Chemistry Achievement Award.

Both are annual scholarships worth $8,000 each. Incoming freshmen who graduated at the top 10 percent of their high school class may be eligible for powerpointpresentations, the Keeper of the Dream Scholarship ($4,000/year). Non-New York state residents admitted as freshmen may be considered the essay merit-based President's Out Of State Scholar Award ($5,000/year). Accreditation: Middle States Commission on powerpointpresentations Higher Education. Located in the city that never sleeps, St. Joseph's College New York has much to offer its students, including baccalaureate degrees in anti book banning essay, 29 majors, a 12:1 student-faculty ratio, and one of the lowest tuitions in the tri-state area.

Academically outstanding freshmen are automatically considered for the following scholarship programs: Presidential Scholarship (full tuition), Provost Scholarship ($15,000 per year), Dean's Scholarship ($13,000 per year) and the Scholastic Achievement Award ($6,000 to $9,000 per powerpointpresentations year). Transfer students with excellent academic performance may be eligible for the Academic Achievement Scholarship ($7,000 to $10,000 per year). Graduates of Catholic high schools who are not eligible for other scholastic achievement programs may be awarded the Catholic School Grant ($1,000 per year). Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Niagara University in Lewiston, New York is a Catholic university that was founded as a seminary school by Vincentians Priests in 1856 and is still run by Vincentians Priests to this day. Niagara University provides institutional grants or scholarships to 98% of full-time beginning undergraduates, with students receiving an average institutional gift award of $17,459. Through the Vincentian Scholars Program, the in a essay university provides three incoming freshmen with $5,000 awards that are renewable for four-years. Transfer students are eligible for Transfer Scholarships and Transfer Awards, which range in amount from $8,000 to $14,000 per powerpointpresentations year. The school also offers the need-based Niagara University Economic Grant.

Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. State University of unity essay New York at New Paltz. Located in the beautiful Hudson Valley of Upstate New York with great views of the Shawangunk Mountains, SUNY at New Paltz offers its students a scenic campus in addition to 105 undergraduate and 50 graduate programs. Thirty percent of students receive the Pell Grant, with the average amount being $4,678. Entering freshmen with a major in Business Administration or Accounting can apply for powerpointpresentations, the Dr. Donald Bishko Memorial Scholarship.

Students majoring in physical sciences can apply for the Dr. Jim Campion Memorial Chemistry Scholarship. Kill Racism! Junior or senior students majoring in education (preference given to male students) may be eligible for powerpointpresentations, the Armand J. Thesis Statement For To A Mockingbird Racism! '54 and Roberta K. Trivilino Scholarship. All these scholarships award $1,000, given as a one-time grant. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Powerpointpresentations! Students at the SUNY College of thesis statement for to a mockingbird Cortland can choose from powerpointpresentations 62 undergraduate majors, 35 graduate majors and 4 certificates of advanced study. Students who meet the paper requirements are automatically considered for the SUNY Cortland Merit Scholarship ($3,000/year for powerpointpresentations, four-years for freshmen, $3,000/year for two years for transfer students). Thesis Statement Kill A Mockingbird! Freshmen majoring in childhood and early childhood education can apply for the Laura W. Jopling '33 Scholarship, while freshman economics majors can apply for the Gerald M. Surette Scholarship in Political Economy. Both scholarships are worth $2,500 each.

The Cortland Urban Recruitment of Educators Scholarship supports beginning students (including transferees) who come from under-represented groups in the teaching profession and who plan to powerpointpresentations, teach in high-need urban schools after graduation. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Founded in 1816, SUNY Potsdam is the wikipedia research home of powerpointpresentations The Crane School of Music, the book country's largest and oldest music school established primarily for the preparation and education of public school music teachers. The SUNY Potsdam Freshman Scholars Program provides support for powerpointpresentations, admitted students with excellent academic history. Awards for in-state freshmen begin at $1,000 per wikipedia year, while awards for out-of-state freshmen begin at $5,000 per year. The most prestigious award for incoming freshmen at powerpointpresentations SUNY Potsdam is the Mt. Emmons Scholarship, only five of which are awarded each year.

The scholarship includes in-state tuition, fees, a $500 credit for books, and residence hall and unity board waiver. Powerpointpresentations! Education majors can apply for the Cheryl Lance Evans-Cummings '83 Scholarship ($2,785/year). Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. SUNY College of Environmental Science and wikipedia research paper Forestry. As the country's oldest college dedicated to powerpointpresentations, studying the environment and developing renewable technologies, the plans SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry is committed to building a sustainable future for America. The merit-based Presidential Scholarship for incoming freshmen provides up to $3,000 annually for New York residents or up to $8,000 annually for powerpointpresentations, non-residents. On Corruption In India! Outstanding students with financial need who do not reside in New York state, may be considered for the ESF National Scholarships, which can be worth up to powerpointpresentations, $8,000 per year. Students who can prove their citizenship in book banning, one of the Haudenosaunee nations can apply for the Haudenosaunee Scholar Awards ($5,000 per year). Finalists or semi-finalists in one of the national scholarship competitions are automatically awarded the Presidential Scholarship.

Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. As the largest and most comprehensive institution in powerpointpresentations, the 64-campus State University of New York system (SUNY), the University of Buffalo offers more than 100 undergraduate degrees and essay almost 300 graduate and professional programs. Powerpointpresentations! For the academic year 2014-2015, the university awarded more than $3.5 million in scholarships to incoming freshmen. Beginning students with stellar academic credentials are encouraged to apply for the Presidential Scholarship, which covers full tuition, fees, housing and books for four-years. There is no additional application required for the Provost Scholarship and the Daniel Acker Scholarship. Students pursuing a STEM degree may be eligible for the NYS STEM Incentive Program, which provides a full SUNY tuition scholarship. Recipients must commit to work in a STEM field for five years after graduation. Business! Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Students at powerpointpresentations the State University of New York in unity, Albany can choose to pursue one of 120 undergraduate majors and minors and powerpointpresentations more than 125 master's, doctoral and graduate certificate programs. Entering freshmen with excellent scholastic records are automatically considered for write in india, the Presidential Scholarship.

This scholarship awards up to $4,000 per year to powerpointpresentations, in-state freshmen and up to $6,000 per year for out-of-state freshmen. Students in the Honors College can apply to research, be considered for the Irving Harold Losee Scholarship. Powerpointpresentations! Awards from this scholarship are meant to on brain, be used for enrichment experiences (rather than tuition, fees or room and board) such as a study abroad semester or a service-learning opportunity. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on powerpointpresentations Higher Education. SUNY College of Technology at Delhi. A Essay! Located in powerpointpresentations, the foothills of the essays on brain drain in india Catskill Mountains, SUNY Delhi offers 13 baccalaureate programs, more than 40 associate degree programs and a Master of Science in Nursing Education.

Full-time Delhi students may apply for the following scholarships funded by the College Association at powerpointpresentations Delhi, Inc. (CADI): J. William Harniman Scholarship ($2,500/year), General Student Scholarships ($1,000/year) and the CADI Employee Scholarship ($1,000/year). To be considered for the last scholarship, students must be CADI employees. In addition to the Presidential Scholarship, which covers full tuition for students from Delaware and thesis statement for to kill a mockingbird Otsego Counties, there are 27 other College Foundation scholarships for which SUNY Delhi students can apply. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Two undergraduate colleges (the founding Russell Sage College for women in Troy and the coeducational Sage College in Albany), three graduate schools, and the School of powerpointpresentations Professional and Continuing Education together make up the Sage Colleges.

Qualified first-year students are automatically considered for the following merit-based scholarships: Trustee Scholarship ($15,000/year), Presidential Scholarship ($10,000/year) and the Dean's Excellence Scholarship ($5,000/year). Transfer students may also be considered for merit-based scholarships. Award amounts range from $4,000 to $12,000 annually. RSC beginning students who are 25 years or older may be eligible for the Upton Scholarship ($3,000/year). The Opalka Family Scholarship supports students from the RSC elementary education and SCA art programs and a essay who have graduated from Averill Park High School. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on powerpointpresentations Higher Education.

SUNY College of Technology at ideas Alfred. Project-based learning is at powerpointpresentations the core of education at Alfred State, where students learn by working on real-world problems, resulting in a 99 percent employment and write a essay in india transfer rate. Students can apply for powerpointpresentations, the Excellence in Education Scholarship (pays for tuition, room and board), the Presidential Scholarship (pays for room) and the All-American Scholarship (pays for board). Thesis For To Kill A Mockingbird! Qualified freshmen may also be considered for the Academic Distinction Scholarship ($1,000/year). Transfer students may be eligible for the Transfer Scholarship ($1,000/year). The Phi Theta Kappa External Transfer Scholarship supports transfer students who are members in good standing and entering a baccalaureate program at Alfred State ($2,000/year).

Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Hilbert College in powerpointpresentations, Hamburg, New York was founded by write on corruption in india, the Franciscan Sisters of St. Joseph in 1897, became a teacher's training college in 1957 and powerpointpresentations began offering four-year degrees in in a, 1992. The college provides institutional grant and scholarship awards averaging $6,101 per year to 95% of full-time beginning undergraduates. Incoming freshmen with a record of academic excellence are eligible for up to eight different institutional scholarships, including the powerpointpresentations $8,000 Annual President's Scholarship and the $4,000 Annual Academic Scholarship.

Transfer students are eligible for two scholarships: the $4,000 Annual Transfer Articulation Scholarship and the $7,000 Annual Honors Scholarship. Housing scholarships are also available to first-year students and provide $2,000 awards to for to kill a mockingbird racism, both in-state and out-of-state students. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on powerpointpresentations Higher Education. CUNY College of Staten Island was founded in 1976 when Richmond College merged with Staten Island Community College. The college provides financial aid to 71% of full-time beginning undergraduates, but only 1% of these students receive institutional grants or scholarships. The College of Staten Island awards scholarships based on academic excellence and community service. Incoming students with a 3.25 GPA or higher who complete a scholarship application are considered for a essay, the nonrenewable College of Staten Island Scholarship. Powerpointpresentations! Incoming students with especially outstanding academic records can apply for entrance into CUNY's Macaulay Honors College, which provides full-tuition scholarships to accepted students.

The College of Staten Island also offers a tuition payment plan that allows students to pay tuition over banning essay, three to powerpointpresentations, six months. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Located in on brain drain, Buffalo, New York, Trocaire College is a private Roman Catholic college that offers associate, bachelor's, and certificate programs. Powerpointpresentations! Students have many options for financial aid at Trocaire. Scholarships like the Community Foundation for Greater Buffalo Scholarships, the book banning Nicholas Patterson Fund/Scholarship are available. Powerpointpresentations! There are also many grants and write a essay loans available, and students can participate in the Federal Work Study program, earning $8.50 per hour for on-campus positions and $9.50 per hour for off-campus positions. Students can enroll in FACTS, a tuition management plan that allows students low cost options for budgeting educational expenses, for a $25 fee per powerpointpresentations semester.

Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. SUNY College of Technology at Canton. SUNY College of unity in a essay Technology at Canton is a two and four-year college for technology, management, health, and public service located in Canton, New York. There are many generous parents, friends, and alumni who make SUNY Canton Endowed Scholarships possible for powerpointpresentations, students with awards ranging from $100 to $5,000. There are also many SUNY Canton Fund for Excellence Scholarships students can take advantage of, ranging from $500 to $5,000.

Students may also pursue Work Study positions by filling out a FAFSA and actively pursuing an appropriate position. Students who wish to pay monthly tuition payments may do so through the TuitionPay Plan. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Write A Essay! Students from 47 states and 67 countries call SUNY Purchase home: it was established 1967 for the purpose of powerpointpresentations combining programs in the liberal arts and sciences with conservatory training in the visual and performing arts. Qualified freshmen admitted to unity essay, the School of powerpointpresentations Liberal Arts and Sciences may be considered for essays in india, the Merit Scholarship ($2,000/year for in-state students, $3,000/year for out-of-state students) or the powerpointpresentations Presidential Scholar Award ($3,000/year for in-state students, $4,000/year for out-of-state students). Talent-based merit scholarships are available for freshmen admitted to the School of Arts. These scholarships are awarded based on a student's artistic ability or potential, as evidenced by anti book banning, an audition, portfolio review, essay and interview. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. SUNY College of Agriculture and Technology at Cobleskill. Established as the Schoharie State School of Agriculture in 1911, SUNY Cobleskill joined the SUNY system in powerpointpresentations, 1916 and in india now offers 41 associate and powerpointpresentations 15 bachelor's degree programs. There are over 180 different scholarships available at SUNY Cobleskill, including the Effie Bennett-Powe Scholarship Endowment for Early Childhood students, the write a essay in india Robert E. Ethel M. Benninger Endowed Catering Scholarship for Culinary Arts students, and the George Berner Scholarship Endowment for School of powerpointpresentations Agriculture and thesis for to kill racism Natural Resources students.

Fifty-nine percent of SUNY Cobleskill students qualified for the Pell Grant, with the average grant award amounting to $4,111. The average first-year financial assistance package is powerpointpresentations $8,370. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Cazenovia College in Cazenovia, New York was ranked 24th on U.S. News World Report's 2015 list of essay best regional universities in the Northern United States. Institutional aid is powerpointpresentations offered to statement kill a mockingbird, 99% of full-time beginning undergraduates, and includes four different types of scholarships and one grant program. Cazenovia's Academic Achievement Awards are given to academically outstanding first year students, and powerpointpresentations the Cazenovia College Grant is awarded based on financial-need. Three governmental grant programs are available at the college: the Higher Education Opportunity Program, Project REACH and the College Science and Technology Entry Program (CSTEP). Cazenovia also offers a tuition payment program that allows students to pay their tuition over a ten-month period. Wikipedia Paper! Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

CUNY New York City College of Technology. CUNY New York City College of Technology is the college of technology in the City University of New York system, located in Brooklyn, New York. Powerpointpresentations! The school offers many associate degrees and baccalaureate degrees. There are many scholarships available to City Tech students based on financial need and/or academic strengths. Students may also pursue the Federal Work Study program, which provides part-time employment for undergraduate students who have financial need. Monthly tuition payment plans are also available for students who need to pay tuition in installments. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Canisius College in Buffalo, New York was founded in 1870 by the Catholic religious order of Jesuits and is one of 28 institutions included in the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities. Almost all of Canisius can expect financial assistance, with 98% of full-time beginning undergraduate students receiving some type of institutional aid.

The average award at wikipedia paper Canisius is approximately $30,200, and Canisius offers numerous merit-based scholarships to new and continuing students. In the powerpointpresentations last academic year, the college awarded $36 million in plans ideas, merit-based scholarships to freshman. The college also offers two interest-free payment plans that allow students to powerpointpresentations, pay their tuition into more manageable monthly installments. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Tompkins Cortland Community College. Located in Dryden, New York, Tompkins Cortland Community College is a public two-year college that offers both online and on-campus degrees. Business Plans Ideas! Tompkins Cortland Community College has a number of programs for those who wish to transfer to four-year universities and powerpointpresentations colleges, and business TC3 has transfer agreements with a number of New York schools and out of state schools.

There are a vast number of TC3 Foundation Scholarships for students to apply for such as the Ithaca Business and Professional Women's Club Scholarship, the powerpointpresentations Memorial Scholarship Fund of $500, the Diverse Scholars Book Scholarship of $150 for students with diverse ethnic background, and many others. TC3 offers a tuition payment plan for those who need to make monthly payments. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Almost 100 percent of graduates from this oldest and largest maritime college in the nation find employment in their preferred fields within three months of graduation. SUNY Maritime College automatically considers qualified incoming freshmen for a number of merit-based scholarships that range from $2,500 to $7,500 per year. Transfer students may be considered for scholarships of up to $1,500 per year for unity essay, two years. Elected state officials can nominate eligible New York State residents for powerpointpresentations, the Cadet Appointment Program, which offers a four-year, full-tuition scholarship. Qualified freshmen may apply for the Student Incentive Payments (SIP) program, which is funded by the U.S.

Maritime Administration. SIP awards can be up to $4,000 each year. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Founded by a group of Franciscan Brothers in 1859 as a school for boys in the diocese of Brooklyn, St. A Essay! Francis College now has close to 2,800 students representing 80 countries and has 19 academic departments offering 72 major and minor fields of study.

Ninety-five percent of all students receive some form of financial assistance. Incoming freshmen with excellent academic records are considered for the following scholarships: Presidential Scholarships ($12,000 to $16,000 per year), St. Clare Scholarships ($8,000 per year), St. Francis Scholarships ($8,000 to $10,000 per year), and powerpointpresentations the Academic Achievement Awards ($3,000 to $5,000 per year). Transfer students may be eligible for the Transfer Students Scholarships ($3,000 to $5,000 per year). Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. Morrisville State College is research paper a college located in Morrisville, New York that currently offers over 70 specialized associate and bachelor degrees. There are many scholarships available to powerpointpresentations, Morrisville students such as Mustang Merit Based Awards (Empire State Minority Honors Award, MSC Transfer Scholarship, Interstate Scholar's Program, and more); Morrisville Auxiliary Corporation Awards (Austin Sawyer Scholarship, Calvin Dunkle Bookstore Awards, MAC Child Care Scholarship Award, and more); as well as program-specific Foundation scholarships. Payment plans are available to help students who need to ease the financial burden by making monthly tuition installments. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Herkimer County Community College. Banning! Herkimer County Community College is a two-year community college located in Herkimer, New York that offers over 40 academic programs and majors and 20 degrees online. Herkimer also has transfer agreements in place with a number of four-year colleges and universities, which makes it easier for students to transfer to another school to pursue a bachelor's degree. Herkimer students may apply for a number of scholarships such as the Asselta Scholarship for powerpointpresentations, accounting majors, the Cogar Foundation Scholarships for freshmen who are also graduates of Herkimer and Oneida County high schools, the Delta Kappa Gamma Scholarship $600 award given to essays on brain, a female Education major who is transferring to a four-year program, and many more. Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education. When it comes to a cheap college experience in New York, you#8217;ve got options. Colleges in the SUNY CUNY systems offer substantial financial aid and powerpointpresentations there are plenty of smaller private schools that subsidize low-income students. Thesis Racism! Even better, New York has a truckload of state financial aid packages, including Tuition Assistance Program (TAP) grants, memorial scholarships, teacher incentive programs and loan forgiveness deals. Most of these programs are only available to New York State residents, but check the powerpointpresentations fine print for details. How to Transfer College Credits in New York.

New York does not offer a statewide college credit transfer system, but colleges and universities are encouraged to have transfer and articulation agreements. Anti Book Essay! The City University of New York (CUNY) and The State University of New York (SUNY) both offer transfer agreements that extend to other colleges and universities in the state of New York. SUNY offers Transfer Paths for powerpointpresentations, students planning their transfer to a campus within their system. These transfer paths offer a summary of the unity essay common lower division requirements for all SUNY campuses for similar majors. This is a great tool for students who are not yet enrolled in SUNY, but planning to powerpointpresentations, attend. CUNY#8217;s Pathways general education framework is designed to work within the CUNY system, but is also typically accepted by other colleges and write on corruption universities. CUNY notes that Pathways courses are similar to national norms, which facilitates transfer to other educational institutions. State Financial Aid for New York Students. When it comes to powerpointpresentations, state financial aid, start with the Higher Education Services Corporation (HESC), a great website run by on brain drain in india, New York#8217;s Office of Higher Education. It has specific information for all kinds of powerpointpresentations New York residents—recent high school graduates, transfer students, returning students and anti book banning military veterans. Here you can get help with your FAFSA, compare financial aid packages from colleges, quickly apply for a TAP grant and manage your student loans.

You can also browse through a list of NY state scholarships and awards to powerpointpresentations, a) see if you#8217;re eligible and b) find out research paper if you need to fill out a separate application form. To receive payment on most of these awards, you will also need to file your FAFSA and powerpointpresentations complete a TAP grant application—so get #8217;em both in! Call HESC#8217;s helpline: 1-888-NYSHESC (1-888-697-4372) for answers to book essay, specific questions. Powerpointpresentations! Current high school students who are looking for a cheaper college degree may also want to check out HESC#8217;s GoCollegeNY. This website is particularly targeted towards teenagers who need help preparing for college. There are videos featuring students who have survived the college application process; year-by-year checklists for freshmen, sophomores, juniors and seniors; step-by-step instructions on how to plans ideas, apply for financial aid; and ways to powerpointpresentations, customize your college plan. If you#8217;re considering one of New York#8217;s 100+ private, non-profit colleges and plans universities, have a look at New York Colleges. Powerpointpresentations! Like GoCollegeNY, this has advice on how to plan for college and how to pay for college, but it also has in-depth profiles of each private college, with info on tuition fees, application deadlines and demographics. With the right financial aid package, a private college may end up being affordable. Summary: APTS awards are tuition grants given to New York residents enrolled in eligible, part-time undergraduate programs at certain institutions in New York State.

HESC distributes APTS funds to participating colleges; each school is responsible for allocating money to students. Grants are based on your family income, so award amounts vary, but you may be eligible for unity in a essay, up to $2,000 per year. Eligibility: There are a variety of conditions for APTS grants. In general, you must: Be a U.S. or eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of powerpointpresentations New York State for at least one year prior to the start of your education Not be in default on any state or federal student loans and unity in a not be in default on any repayment of state awards Not have exhausted Tuition Assistance Program (TAP) eligibility Study at an approved postsecondary institution in New York State Be taking at least 3 but fewer than 12 credits per semester (or at least 4 but fewer than 8 credits per trimester) Be charged at least $100 tuition per year Meet income eligibility limitations. See the APTS website for powerpointpresentations, more details (e.g. Research Paper! income limits). How to Apply: Since APTS grants are given out by institutions, you should ask the Financial Aid Office if your college/university participates in the APTS program. If it does, the office will give you an APTA application. Complete this as soon as possible! Funds are limited and schools allocate money on a first-come, first-serve basis.

Summary: This grant is given to enrolled members of New York State tribes or children of an enrolled member of a New York State tribe who are attending—or planning to attend—a college in New York. Eligible students include members of the Iroquoian tribes (St. Regis Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca Nation, Tonawanda Band of Seneca, and Tuscorora), the Shinnecock tribe and powerpointpresentations the Poospatuck tribe. If you qualify for business, a grant, you may receive up to $2,000 per year for a two-, four- or five-year degree program in a New York school. Be a resident of New York State Be on an official tribal roll of powerpointpresentations a New York State tribe or be the child of an enrolled member of a New York State tribe. An official tribal roll is a list of drain individuals designated by the tribal authorities as member of their tribe Be enrolled in an approved program offered by a college, university, technical school, school of nursing, business or trade school located in New York (approved programs include collegiate and noncollegiate programs which are registered by the New York State Education Department) There are no age restrictions on eligibility. Students registered for less than 12 credit hours per semester are considered part-time and powerpointpresentations are funded on a prorated basis. Funds can#8217;t be used for remedial, noncredit-bearing or college preparation courses. NYS Higher Education Opportunity Program (HEOP) Summary: Also known as the Educational Opportunity Program (EOP), HEOP provides financial aid and special academic assistance (e.g. counseling, tutoring supplemental instruction) to low-income New York residents from disadvantaged backgrounds who show potential for research paper, college.

Even if you don#8217;t meet the requirements for regular admission, you may still be able to attend the two-year or four-year college of your dreams. Examples of participating schools include SUNY, NYU and Cornell, and there are more! Eligibility: To be eligible for this program, you must: A New York State resident for 12 months prior to powerpointpresentations, enrollment Qualify as academically and business plans economically disadvantaged according to the school guidelines. How to Apply: Ask your college or university if it participates in EOP/HEOP. If it does, someone at the Opportunity Program Admissions Office or Financial Aid Office will be able to powerpointpresentations, help you with applications and financial aid forms. Part-Time Tuition Assistance Program (Part-Time TAP) Summary: Part-time TAP grants work on the same lines as the TAP, but they#8217;re intended for New York State residents who only want to study part-time at an eligible school in New York State (grants are not given for out-of-state schools). Eligibility: There are a variety of conditions for TAP grants.

In general, you must: Be a U.S. or eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of New York State for at least one year prior to the start of your education Not be in default on any state or federal student loans and unity not be in default on any repayment of powerpointpresentations state awards Study at an approved postsecondary institution in New York State Be taking at anti least 6 but fewer than 12 credits per semester (or at least 4 but fewer than 8 credits per trimester) Be charged at least $200 tuition per year Meet income eligibility limitations. Summary: This program rewards New York AmeriCorps volunteers who have made a difference in their community. Award money can be used to pay for education costs at qualified institutions of higher education, for educational training or to help repay qualified student loans. Award amounts are tied to maximum value of the Pell Grant, so contact your local AmeriCorps organization to learn how much you may receive. Eligibility: Education awards are given to students who have successfully completed a term of powerpointpresentations service in AmeriCorps State and for to National, AmeriCorps VISTA or AmeriCorps NCCC programs.

How to Apply: Contact your local AmeriCorps organization for more details on how to powerpointpresentations, apply for AmeriCorps programs and wikipedia paper receive awards. Community service projects will vary from site to site. Summary: TAP awards are tuition grants given to powerpointpresentations, New York State residents who attend an eligible school in New York State (grants are not given for out-of-state schools). Award amounts are based on your family income, so grants vary, but you may be eligible for up to $5,165 per year. TAP is the wikipedia research largest grant program in powerpointpresentations, New York, so it#8217;s worth trying for one. Eligibility: There are a variety of conditions for research, TAP grants. In general, you must: Be a U.S. or eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of New York State for at least one year prior to powerpointpresentations, the start of essays on brain in india your education Not be in default on any state or federal student loans and powerpointpresentations not be in default on any repayment of state awards Study at an approved postsecondary institution in New York State Be enrolled as a full-time student (12 credits or more per semester) Be charged at least $200 tuition per thesis statement for to a mockingbird racism year Meet income eligibility limitations. See TAP Eligibility Income Limits for more details on specifics (e.g. conditions for renewal, income numbers, etc.). How to powerpointpresentations, Apply: Complete your FAFSA.

At the end of the FAFSA form, you#8217;ll find a link to the TAP application. If you missed this, don#8217;t worry. You can go straight to the TAP application. Summary: This scholarship provides financial aid for college to children, spouses or financial dependents of write a essay on corruption in india individuals killed as a direct result of the crash of Continental Airlines Flight 3407 in Clarence, New York on February 12, 2009. The award covers tuition, non-tuition costs and room board for powerpointpresentations, up to four years of wikipedia research paper full-time undergraduate study (or five years in an approved five-year bachelor#8217;s degree program) in a New York institution.

Study at an approved postsecondary institution in powerpointpresentations, New York State Not be in default on a state or federal student loan or on any repayment of state awards Be enrolled as a full-time student (12 or more credits per semester) in an approved program of anti book essay study Be in good academic standing. Summary: This scholarship provides financial aid for college to children, spouses or financial dependents of individuals killed as a direct result of the powerpointpresentations crash of on brain drain in india American Airlines Flight 587 in powerpointpresentations, the Belle Harbor neighborhood of Queens, New York on November 12, 2001. The award covers tuition, non-tuition costs and room board for a essay in india, up to four years of full-time undergraduate study (or five years in an approved five-year bachelor#8217;s degree program) in a New York institution. Powerpointpresentations! Study at an approved postsecondary institution in New York State Not be in default on a state or federal student loan or on write a essay on corruption in india any repayment of state awards Be enrolled as a full-time student (12 or more credits per semester) in an approved program of powerpointpresentations study Be in good academic standing. New York State Achievement and Investment in Merit Scholarship (NY-AIMS) Summary: NY-AIMS is a merit-based scholarship given to outstanding New York high school graduates who enroll, or plan to enroll, in a public or private New York college immediately after high school. Each awardee receives an annual award of $500 for four years of undergraduate study (or five years if the business plans ideas program of study normally requires that time). Scholarship recipients are selected and prioritized based on their unmet need. NY-AIMS scholars have achieved at least two of the following at powerpointpresentations a New York high school: Graduated with a GPA of thesis for to kill a mockingbird 3.3 or above Graduated “with honors” on a New York State Regents diploma or received a score of 3 or higher on powerpointpresentations two or more Advanced Placement (or AP) exams Graduated within the top 15% of their high school class. Eligibility: Along with being an outstanding scholar (see above), you#8217;ll also have to: Be a U.S. citizen or eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of New York State and have resided in the state for 12 continuous months Enroll full-time as a first-time student in thesis statement for to kill a mockingbird racism, an eligible New York college or university. NYS Masters-in-Education Teacher Incentive Scholarship.

Summary: This scholarship is powerpointpresentations aimed at outstanding undergraduates who want to pursue a master#8217;s degree in education at a SUNY or CUNY college or university. In return for a promise to teach in a New York public elementary or secondary school for five years, the scholarship fund provides 500 students with full graduate tuition. How to essays on brain drain, Apply: You#8217;ll need to fill in a separate application form from HESC. Please see HESC#8217;s table on New York State scholarships for powerpointpresentations, more information. NYS Math and Science Teaching Incentive Scholarship. Summary: This scholarship is offered to full-time undergraduate or graduate students (in approved programs) who are pursuing a math or science teaching career in secondary education (grades 7-12). In exchange for five years of full-time employment as a teacher in for to kill a mockingbird, New York State, you may be eligible to receive an annual award for full-time study for powerpointpresentations, four years of undergraduate study and one year of business ideas graduate study. This award is equal to the cost of powerpointpresentations annual tuition charged to a New York resident attending an undergraduate program at SUNY (i.e. in-state tuition), or actual tuition charged, whichever is unity less.

Be a U.S. or eligible non-citizen Not be in default on any state or federal student loans and not be in powerpointpresentations, default on any repayment of state awards Be matriculated in a full-time undergraduate or graduate program at a New York degree-granting institution that leads to a career as a secondary education math or science teacher Have a cumulative GPA of 2.5 or higher Agree to research, work full-time for five years as a secondary education math or science teacher in powerpointpresentations, New York State. Please see the in india scholarship website for powerpointpresentations, conditions on renewal (e.g. minimum GPA, minimum credit hours, etc.). Plans Ideas! How to Apply: You can#8217;t apply for this program until you#8217;ve completed one semester of college. Once you#8217;ve completed your fall semester, visit the HESC website and powerpointpresentations complete the unity essay separate scholarship application form (available January 1 of each year). NYS Memorial Scholarship for Families of Deceased Firefighters, Volunteer Firefighters, Police Officers, Peace Officers, and Emergency Medical Service Workers. Summary: This scholarship provides financial aid for college to children, spouses and financial dependents of certain public employees who have died as the result of powerpointpresentations injuries sustained in the line of duty in service to write in india, the state of New York. Those employees include firefighters, volunteer firefighters, police officers, peace officers (including correction officers) and emergency medical service workers. The scholarship covers tuition, non-tuition costs and room board for up to four years of full-time undergraduate study (or five years in an approved five-year bachelor#8217;s degree program) in a New York institution. Powerpointpresentations! Eligibility: In order to use the plans scholarship, you must: Study at an approved postsecondary institution in New York State Not be in default on a state or federal student loan or on any repayment of powerpointpresentations state awards Be enrolled as a full-time student (12 or more credits per in india semester) in powerpointpresentations, an approved program of study Be in good academic standing. Book Essay! NYS Scholarships for Academic Excellence.

Summary: The state awards a $1,500 college scholarship to the top graduating scholar (i.e. valedictorian) at each registered high school in New York State. Any remaining $1,500 scholarships and an additional 6,000 scholarships of $500 are awarded to powerpointpresentations, other outstanding high school graduates. Awards are renewable for up to five years of undergraduate study at thesis for to racism an in-state institution. Powerpointpresentations! Eligibility: Awards are based on plans ideas student grades in certain Regents exams. Along with being top in the class, you must: Be a U.S. or eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of powerpointpresentations New York State Not be in unity in a essay, default on any state or federal student loans and not be in default on any repayment of powerpointpresentations state awards Study full-time and be matriculated in an approved undergraduate program of study in a New York State postsecondary institution. The scholarship is revoked if you start attending an out-of-state institution. Essay! How to powerpointpresentations, Apply: Please see your high school guidance counselor for information on applying. A Essay! The State Education Department will notify students who have been nominated by their high schools to receive the scholarship. Once you#8217;ve received notification, you#8217;ll need to submit an application for payment to HESC by June 30 of powerpointpresentations each year for which assistance is sought.

Application for thesis statement for to, payment is made by filing the FAFSA and powerpointpresentations the TAP application. NYS Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Incentive Program. Summary: This program provides a full SUNY or CUNY tuition scholarship for the top 10% of students in each New York State high school if they promise to pursue a STEM degree (associate or baccalaureate) and statement kill a mockingbird racism agree to work in an approved STEM occupation in New York for five years after graduation. Annual awards for full-time study are equal to the cost of annual tuition charged to New York residents attending an undergraduate program at SUNY (i.e. in-state tuition), or actual tuition charged, whichever is less. Be a U.S. citizen or eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of New York State and have resided in the state for powerpointpresentations, 12 continuous months Not be in default on a student loan made under any NYS or federal education loan program or repayment of any state award Be ranked in the top 10% of your graduating class at a New York high school Be a high school senior/recent high school graduate enrolled full-time at a SUNY or CUNY college (this includes community colleges and the statutory colleges at essays Cornell University and Alfred University) Be matriculated in an undergraduate program leading to a degree in Science, Technology, Engineering or Mathematics Earn a cumulative GPA of 2.5 or higher after the first semester Agree to work in NYS for five years in a STEM field.

NYS World Trade Center Memorial Scholarship. Summary: This scholarship guarantees access to a college education for powerpointpresentations, dependents of victims or survivors of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The award covers tuition, non-tuition costs and room board for up to four years of full-time undergraduate study (or five years in an approved five-year bachelor#8217;s degree program) in a New York institution. The scholarship is available to: Children, spouses and financial dependents of deceased or severely and permanently disabled victims of the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the U.S. or the anti book essay subsequent rescue and recovery operations.

This includes victims at the World Trade Center site, at the Pentagon, or on flights 11, 77, 93, or 175 Survivors of the powerpointpresentations terrorist attacks who are severely and permanently disabled as a result of a essay in india injuries sustained in the attacks or the subsequent rescue and recovery operations. Eligibility: In order to use the powerpointpresentations scholarship, you must: Study at an approved postsecondary institution in New York State Not be in statement for to a mockingbird racism, default on a state or federal student loan or on any repayment of powerpointpresentations state awards Be enrolled as a full-time student (12 or more credits per wikipedia semester) in an approved program of study Be in good academic standing. New York Student Loans Repayment Programs. NYS #8216;Get on Your Feet#8217; Loan Forgiveness (GOYF) Program. Summary: Aimed at powerpointpresentations recent New York college graduates, this program provides up to unity essay, two years of federal student loan debt relief to graduates who are participating in a federal income-driven repayment plan where payments are generally capped at 10% of their discretionary income. Eligible student loans include the powerpointpresentations federal Income Based Repayment plan at 10% of discretionary income, the Pay as You Earn plan and the Revised Pay as You Earn plan. Graduates receive a maximum of 24 payments equal to the payment amount for the monthly federal repayment plan. Eligibility: In addition to having an unity in a, outstanding balance for eligible student loan/s (see above), you must:

Be a U.S. citizen or an eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of New York State for at least 12 continuous months Have earned an undergraduate degree from powerpointpresentations a college or university located in wikipedia research, New York State in or after December 2014 Have earned no higher than a bachelor#8217;s degree at the time of application Apply for the program within two years of receiving an powerpointpresentations, undergraduate degree Have a primary work location in New York (if employed) Have an anti book, adjusted gross income of less than $50,000 Be current on all federal or NYS student loans Be current on the repayment of any NYS award. NYS District Attorney and Indigent Legal Services Attorney Loan Forgiveness (DALF) Program. Summary: This program provides loan repayments to New York residents currently working as a District Attorneys, Assistant District Attorneys or Indigent Legal Services Attorneys. The maximum award is $20,400 (or the recipient#8217;s eligible student loan debt at powerpointpresentations the time of application, whichever is essay less); annual disbursements are equal to $3,400 (or the recipient#8217;s remaining loan indebtedness). Powerpointpresentations! Payments are available for up to six years of qualified service. Eligibility: In addition to having an outstanding balance for on brain, eligible student loan/s, you must: Be a U.S. citizen or an eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of New York State Not be in default on a student loan made under any NYS or federal education loan program or repayment of any NYS award Be employed as a District Attorney, Assistant District Attorney, or Indigent Legal Services Attorney in New York State for at powerpointpresentations least four years, but no more than nine years Have an outstanding balance on an eligible student loan debt Have completed a year of qualified service (full time employment as an eligible attorney for at least 35 hours per week during the calendar year) prior to application. NYS Nursing Faculty Loan Forgiveness (NFLF) Incentive Program. Summary: This loan forgiveness program is aimed at increasing the number of kill a mockingbird racism nursing faculty members and adjunct clinical faculty teaching in the field of nursing in New York State. The maximum lifetime award is $40,000, paid in the amount of $8,000 for each annual period of qualified service completed (or the applicant#8217;s actual eligible student loan indebtedness at the time eligibility is established, whichever is less).

Payments are available for up to five years of powerpointpresentations qualified service. Eligibility: In addition to having an outstanding balance for eligible student loan/s, you must: Be a U.S. citizen or an eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of New York State for at least 12 continuous months Not be in business ideas, default on a student loan made under any NYS or federal education loan program or repayment of any NYS award Be a registered nurse professionally licensed to powerpointpresentations, practice in New York State Have prior clinical experience as a licensed registered nurse Hold a master#8217;s degree in nursing or a doctoral degree qualifying you as nursing faculty or adjunct clinical faculty Have qualified service (prior employment as a nursing faculty member or as adjunct clinical faculty providing clinical teaching services at a nursing school located in New York for thesis racism, the equivalent of 12 credit hours during an annual period commencing July 1 and ending June 30) NYS Social Worker Loan Forgiveness (LSWLF) Program. Summary: This loan forgiveness program is intended to powerpointpresentations, increase the number of on brain drain in india licensed social workers working in critical human service areas throughout New York State (e.g. Powerpointpresentations! home care, health, mental health, substance abuse, aging, HIV/AIDS and statement for to kill a mockingbird child welfare or communities with multilingual needs). The maximum award is $26,000, paid in the amount of $6,500 for each annual period of qualified service completed (or the applicant#8217;s eligible student loan indebtedness at powerpointpresentations the time eligibility is established, whichever is less). Payments are available for up to four years of qualified service. Eligibility: In addition to having an outstanding balance for eligible student loan/s, you must: Be a U.S. citizen or an eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of write on corruption in india New York State for at least 12 continuous months Not be in default on a student loan made under any NYS or federal education loan program or repayment of any NYS award Be a social worker professionally licensed to practice in New York State Have at least one year of qualified service (full-time employment as a licensed social worker in a critical human service area for at powerpointpresentations least 35 hours per week during the ideas calendar year) prior to application. To determine if your workplace is an powerpointpresentations, eligible service area, you can look at Eligibility by statement for to, County. NYS Young Farmers Loan Forgiveness Incentive Program. Powerpointpresentations! Summary: As the name might suggest, this program is intended to ideas, help recent college graduates pursue careers in powerpointpresentations, farming throughout New York State. The maximum lifetime award is $50,000, paid in the amount of $10,000 per year (or the applicant#8217;s actual eligible student loan indebtedness at the time eligibility is essay established, whichever is less).

Payments are available for up to powerpointpresentations, five years. Eligibility: In addition to having an outstanding balance for eligible student loan/s, you must: Be a U.S. citizen or an eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of unity in a New York State for at least 12 continuous months Not be in powerpointpresentations, default on a student loan made under any NYS or federal education loan program or repayment of any NYS award Obtain an thesis for to kill, undergraduate degree from an approved New York college or university Apply for the program within two years after graduation Operate a farm in New York State on powerpointpresentations a full-time basis for at thesis statement least five years. Regents Physician Loan Forgiveness Award Program. Summary: This program aims to increase the powerpointpresentations number of physicians—especially primary care physicians—practicing in plans, areas of New York State with a shortage of powerpointpresentations physicians. The state awards up to a essay on corruption in india, $10,000 per year for two years; award amounts are based on undergraduate and medical school student loan amounts, loan interest expense and income. Recipients must agree to practice medicine for a period of 12 months for each annual payment received and they must serve a minimum of 24 months regardless of the amount of payment received.

Be a U.S. citizen or an eligible non-citizen Be a legal resident of New York State Be licensed to powerpointpresentations, practice medicine in New York State Have completed a professional residency program within the five years immediately preceding the paper period for which the first award would be granted or about to powerpointpresentations, complete training in an accredited residency program in family practice, pediatrics, internal medicine, emergency medicine or obstetrics (psychiatry is also considered primary care in business plans, certain state facilities) Applicants cannot currently be a recipient of any of Federal Loan Physician Repayment Award program. Powerpointpresentations! Education Assistance for anti book banning, New York Military Veterans. Powerpointpresentations! Military Enhanced Recognition Incentive and Tribute (MERIT) Scholarship/Military Service Recognition Scholarship (MSRS) Summary: Known as MSRS or MERIT, this scholarship provides financial aid for college to children, spouses and financial dependents of members of the book U.S. Armed Forces or of a state organized militia who were New York residents and—at any time on or after Aug. 2, 1990—died or became severely and permanently disabled while engaged in hostilities or training for hostilities. (Please see the powerpointpresentations MSRS scholarship website for exact details.) The scholarship covers tuition, non-tuition costs and room board for up to essays drain, four years of full-time undergraduate study (or five years in an approved five-year bachelor#8217;s degree program) in a New York school. Eligibility: Along with being a qualified child, spouse or financial dependent, you must: Study at an approved postsecondary institution in New York Not be in default on any state or federal student loan or on any repayment of powerpointpresentations state awards Be enrolled as a full-time student (12 or more credits per semester) in an approved program of study Be in good academic standing. Summary: If you#8217;re a member of the U.S. Armed Forces who is on full-time active study and stationed in New York or you#8217;re the spouse or a dependent of such, HESC will waive New York State residency eligibility requirements for HESC awards. In other words, you don#8217;t have to prove that you#8217;re a New York resident to research, qualify for state grants and scholarships. How to Apply: Contact HESC#8217;s Scholarship Unit at 1-888-NYSHESC (1-888-697-4372) for more information. NYS Regents Award for powerpointpresentations, Children of Deceased and essays on brain Disabled Veterans.

Summary: These awards provide financial aid for college to students whose parent/s served in powerpointpresentations, the U.S. Armed Forces during specified times of war or national emergency (e.g. Afghanistan, Iraq, Persian Gulf, etc.) and—as a result of that service—died, suffered a 40% or more disability, were classified as MIAs or classified as POWs. The veteran must have been a New York resident at the time of death or currently be a New York resident if disabled. Ideas! The award amount is $450 per year. Recruitment Incentive and powerpointpresentations Retention Program (RIRP) Summary: RIRP is designed to recruit and retain members for the State Military Forces (Army and Air National Guard, and plans ideas Naval Militia).

It provides college financial aid to any active service member who has successfully completed advanced individual training or commissioning. Powerpointpresentations! Award amounts can be up to $4,350 per wikipedia year. Eligibility: In general, you must: Be in good standing with the powerpointpresentations State Military Forces (attend or make-up all drills and annual training) Be accepted and enrolled in an undergraduate degree-granting program for a minimum of six credit hours per semester or four credit hours per a essay in india quarter Be a resident of New York for a period of 186 days prior to powerpointpresentations, using the program (excluding Active Duty periods) How to Apply: Complete all the RIRP application steps listed on the DMNA website. Summary: VTAs are given to eligible veterans in an approved program (full-time study and part-time study) at an undergraduate or graduate degree-granting institution or in an approved vocational training program within New York. Unity Essay! For full-time study, the powerpointpresentations award is equal to the cost of annual tuition charged to a New York resident attending an undergraduate program at SUNY (i.e. in-state tuition), or actual tuition charged, whichever is wikipedia less. For part-time study, awards are prorated by credit hour. Eligibility: You must have been discharged under honorable conditions from the U.S. Armed Forces and be a veteran of an powerpointpresentations, eligible conflict (see the on corruption in india website for details). You must also: Be a U.S. citizens or eligible non-citizen Be a New York resident Not be in default on a federal or state made student loan or on any repayment of powerpointpresentations state awards Be matriculated full- or part-time at an undergraduate or graduate degree-granting institution in New York State or in an approved vocational training program in New York State Have applied for the Tuition Assistance Program (TAP) Be charged at for to least $200 tuition per year Be in good academic standing. Additional Support for New York Students.

New York Education Training Voucher (ETV) Program for powerpointpresentations, Foster Care Youth. Summary: ETV is a federally-funded, state-administered program targeted at unity in a essay youth who were in foster care. If you qualify, you may receive up to $5,000 a year for powerpointpresentations, qualified school-related expenses at a college or university. Funding is available on business a first-come, first-served basis to eligible students. Eligibility: Students that are eligible for this program include: Foster care youth—this category includes persons in powerpointpresentations, need of supervision (PINS) and juvenile delinquents who are in the custody of a local department of social services Former foster youth who have not yet attained the age of 21 years and are eligible for services under the Chafee Foster Care Independence Program Youth adopted from write on corruption foster care at age 16 and older Youth who leave foster care at powerpointpresentations age 16 and older for guardianship with a kinship guardianship assistance agreement in effect Youth who are currently in the custody of the Office of Children and Family Services and placed in a non-secure or voluntary agency (Title IV-E facility) Youth who are currently in the custody of the anti book banning essay Office of Children and powerpointpresentations Family Services on aftercare status or receiving services in an Evening Reporting Center (ERC) and thesis statement for to kill racism had been placed in a non-secure facility or voluntary agency (Title IV-E facility) How to Apply: Complete the ETV Application on the Foster Care to Success website. Cheaper College Living in New York. Once those college bills start rolling in, it can be hard to keep up with basics like heat, food and healthcare. Whether you#8217;re taking care of family or taking care of yourself, you may be eligible for state aid. Visit the website of New York#8217;s Office of Temporary and Disability Assistance (OTDA) for info on affordable programs such as food support (SNAP), energy assistance (HEAP), emergency cash benefits, housing support services, tax help and immigration.

OTDA has instructions on How to Apply for Services and a directory of powerpointpresentations Local Departments. Ideas! Another option is to call 2-1-1 or visit the website of New York 211. This telephone number is a free service to help New York residents get access to benefits resources from powerpointpresentations government agencies and non-profit organizations. Whatever question you may have—Where can I find cheaper child care options? Am I eligible for SNAP? What happens when I can#8217;t pay for a hospital bill?—the specialists at 2-1-1 will assess your needs and link you to resources. A Essay On Corruption In India! Residents of powerpointpresentations New York City can call 3-1-1 or visit NYC 311 for similar services. You might also want to take a look at programs run by the Community Services Society of New York (CSS). CSS is plans ideas a non-profit dedicated to helping low-income New Yorkers from every part of the state.

It provides counseling and assistance with public benefit programs, affordable housing, health insurance, financial planning and youth programs. Qualifying individuals and families who are struggling to make ends meet may be eligible for a small grant to tide them through an emergency. We#8217;ve also listed a number of powerpointpresentations county-specific social service organizations in our city sections below. When it comes to on-campus housing in New York, it pays to do a little research. Some NY colleges have almost nothing but glossy, high-priced rooms and wikipedia research paper expensive meal plans; some schools have made an extra effort to powerpointpresentations, make housing affordable. Write A Essay On Corruption In India! Living in a dorm also means you#8217;re not paying for commuting costs, rooms are typically furnished, utilities are included in powerpointpresentations, the room rate and buildings are up-to-code (e.g. properly insulated, the banning plumbing works, etc.).

In some rural and suburban areas, your off-campus options may be extremely limited. Powerpointpresentations! For example, unless you file for a live-at-home exemption, SUNY Albany mandates that all freshman students live on campus for their first two years of study. Even in statement kill racism, schools where there isn#8217;t a requirement, students still choose to stick together—98% of Barnard first-year students live on campus. Visit the powerpointpresentations housing section on your school#8217;s website for a mockingbird racism, up-to-date information on rates and requirements. While you#8217;re putting together your college budget, you may find that your federal and state financial aid doesn#8217;t cover living costs. Talk to your school#8217;s residential life/housing coordinator or the Financial Aid Office about choices. You may be eligible for private scholarships or work-study programs that will cover room and board. For example, the powerpointpresentations LCU Fund distributes millions of dollars in housing grants to 35 educational institutions in New York.

Women who receive an LCU grant can use the money to obtain safe and affordable housing in New York City. Once you#8217;ve decided to live off-campus, you#8217;re going to be overwhelmed with choices. One place to start is the housing section of your college website. Unity In A Essay! Most schools have pages or sites devoted to off-campus living, with advice, links and resources. Examples include Stony Brook#8217;s Off Campus Housing, SUNY Cortland#8217;s Off-Campus Housing List and SUNY New Paltz#8217;s Off-Campus Housing Bulletin Board. FIT provides updated listings that are only accessible to current students. After you#8217;ve explored university websites, you can expand your search for cheap apartments to Craigslist (just be vigilant about scams—people love to try and take advantage of students). A number of websites, such as CampusRent.com, ApartmentGuide.com and MyApartmentMap.com, will also allow you to target affordable housing listings around your specific school. When you run into an emergency situation, the powerpointpresentations New York Homeless Shelter Directory includes emergency shelters and transitional housing opportunities. Utilities aren#8217;t always included in rent, so read your rental agreement carefully.

You need to know exactly what utilities you#8217;re responsible for thesis statement, paying for and what your landlord is willing to cover. You can also ask for a monthly estimate of powerpointpresentations utility bills or talk to former renters so you#8217;ll be able to budget. Write A Essay On Corruption In India! Living at home with your family or already renting? Having trouble paying for utility bills? Check with your state government. For example, New York City#8217;s Human Resources Administration (HRA) runs the #8220;One Shot Deal,#8221; an emergency assistance program helps people who cannot meet an powerpointpresentations, expense (e.g. rent, utilities, etc.) due to an unexpected situation or event.

OTDA administers HEAP, a federally funded program that helps low-income New Yorkers afford to heat their homes. Power companies such as Con Edison and wikipedia research National Grid also offer low-income programs to eligible customers—when in doubt, call the company and ask what#8217;s available. There#8217;s also an excellent list of powerpointpresentations NY utility assistance programs on HITE.org. When colleges and universities can#8217;t help, search FreeClinicDirectory.org and write on corruption NeedyMeds.org to powerpointpresentations, find community clinics and health centers in New York that offer free or affordable medical care. The same steps apply to mental health crises. Talk to your student health center first to see if they#8217;re ready to assist, then search for mental health service providers on www.800lifenet.org. If you live in New York City, you can call 1-800-Lifenet [543-3638] at research any time for free and confidential advice. Powerpointpresentations! The Mental Health Crisis/Suicide hotline is 1-800-273-8255 . Write A Essay In India! Cheap dental care can be trickier to find. Powerpointpresentations! Some university health centers have dental services (e.g. the USG Dental Clinic at SUNY Buffalo), but a lot do not.

One strategy is to see if you live near a university dental school such as the business Stony Brook School of powerpointpresentations Dental Medicine, the NYU College of statement for to racism Dentistry and the Columbia University College of Dental Medicine. Because they#8217;re training dentistry students, dental schools are often eager to have patients and offer lower prices than private practice. Powerpointpresentations! FreeDentalCare.us: New York also has a list of for to kill racism free and low-cost clinics in your community. While you#8217;re exploring college daycare centers, ask about subsidies and help for low-income families. For example, both CUNY and SUNY use the Child Care Development Block Grant to powerpointpresentations, provide tuition subsidies for 1,500+ children of income-eligible students. Write On Corruption! In a similar fashion, NYU offers a c hildcare subsidy to eligible graduate students . Powerpointpresentations! Nothing on campus? Your county Child Care Resource and Referral Agency (CCRR) may be able to help you find a cheap(ish) alternative. They#8217;ll ask a few questions about your situation and refer you to a list of local child care providers.

Another alternative is to search for wikipedia research, affordable New York child care options on the website for the Day Care Council of New York. On the state level, OTDA has a useful page on state child care subsidies; New York City residents looking for subsidized child care will deal with the Administration for powerpointpresentations, Children#8217;s Services (ACS). We#8217;ll state the essays in india obvious and say that anyone attending a New York City school is going to have access to powerpointpresentations, extensive public transportation options. But outside of New York City you may end up needing a car in the winter. It#8217;s worthwhile visiting the transit/transportation section of business plans your university#8217;s website, no matter where you decide to live.

That#8217;s because schools post a huge amount of powerpointpresentations info on transport discounts for students, ride sharing, free campus shuttles, biking options (e.g. rentals, shares, used bike sales) and more. Schools with a lot of low-income students often go the essays on brain drain extra mile. For example, CUNY provides free MetroCards to powerpointpresentations, any student in its Accelerated Study in Associate Programs (ASAP). Student discounts are also available from local transport companies. Both Trailways and ShortLine offer a 15% discount to students who present a valid student ID. Full-time college students save 25% on NJ TRANSIT Monthly Passes if their school participates in the partnership program (that list includes CUNY City College, FIT and NYU). If colleges can#8217;t help, community organizations can.

FoodPantries.org has a long list of New York Food Pantries and business ideas HomelessShelterDirectory.org has a similar database of NY soup kitchens, pantries and food banks. If you need emergency food immediately, call the Upstate Hunger Hotline at 1-866-526-2978 , the Food Bank for NYC at 212-566-7855 or the NYC Hunger Hotline at 1-866-888-8777 . Powerpointpresentations! New moms or moms-to-be might also want to see if they qualify for the New York WIC Program. College in New York City on a Budget. The real challenge in New York City is—no surprise—finding a cheap place for you and your roommates to live. Sperling#8217;s Best Places puts the average cost of housing in unity, NYC at a little less than three times the national average.

Groceries, utilities and miscellaneous expenses (e.g. clothing, repairs, entertainment) are also above the norm. Powerpointpresentations! Since public transportation is everywhere, some students choose to anti banning essay, live further out of the city (e.g. New Jersey), where prices have stabilized, and commute into town. General info for powerpointpresentations, residents can be found on the City of New York website. Where to Go for thesis statement for to kill a mockingbird, Help in New York City. Attending college on the cheap in a city like New York can feel impossible. You may be wrestling with family problems, worrying about loan debt, trying to afford food or rent and struggling with child care. Here are some NYC non-profit organizations that exist to help. NYC Housing Connect links NYC residents to affordable housing. Here you can view current and upcoming housing opportunities and fill out an application for your household. We also recommend the How to Find Housing page on the Housing Preservation Development (HPD) website.

This has a lot of useful links to affordable rental programs. Single Stop USA has a huge number of offices in powerpointpresentations, New York City. Single Stop counselors can connect you to all kinds of low-income benefits, including food stamps, health insurance, child care subsidies, energy assistance, affordable housing and tax credits. Counselors will answer any questions you have and help with application forms. Women#8217;s Housing and Economic Development Corporation (WHEDco) serves residents of the Bronx. It offers a variety of programs, including family support services (e.g. food pantry, benefits counseling, mental health counseling), a home-based childcare network, green housing and a teen program to prepare students for college. The New York Urban League (NYUL) focuses on business ideas education and employment, with services like college access programs, college scholarships, career-readiness workshops, talent matching and training programs referrals.

NYUL also has a Technology Learning Center in its Harlem office. Powerpointpresentations! In a city with 8 million people, there are always people willing to lend a hand. It#8217;s common knowledge that the average cost of housing in Buffalo is low. Groceries, utilities and book banning essay transport costs are around the national average, and the city is fairly bikeable in warm months (but it#8217;s under snow in others). On the downside, certain neighborhoods in Buffalo have experienced a rise in rents as the city economy has improved, so you may have to go hunting to find a good deal. In 2016, Buffalo was ranked the #1 housing market in the nation. Powerpointpresentations! You may also need a car to get to the places you really want to go. Statement A Mockingbird! General info for residents can be found on the City of Buffalo website. Buffalo can be a tough place to exist, especially when you#8217;re juggling heating bills, rent, family needs and commutes.

If you#8217;re living at home, going to powerpointpresentations, school as a first-generation student, worrying about your college readiness or looking for paper, affordable housing, these organizations will step up to help you. The Erie County Department of Social Services administers Buffalo#8217;s temporary assistance emergency assistance grants, the SNAP program (food stamps), Medicaid and HEAP (energy assistance program). The Jewish Family Service of powerpointpresentations Buffalo Erie County offers health and in a essay social services to all Buffalo residents regardless of religious affiliation, ethnicity, race, culture, gender or ability to powerpointpresentations, pay. Those services including immigrant assistance, mental health counseling, parenting support and business vocational training. People United for Sustainable Housing (PUSH Buffalo) is a community organization that supports affordable housing on Buffalo#8217;s West Side. It runs an powerpointpresentations, assortment of housing projects, energy efficiency programs and a community center. It also advocates to bring new resources and government money to the West Side. Say Yes Buffalo is an education-based organization that runs all kind of college preparation programs (e.g. mentoring, internships, college summer programs, mental health clinics) to support Buffalo students.

It also funds scholarships to eligible graduates of Buffalo public and charter schools to all SUNY and CUNY schools and more than 90 private colleges and universities. This is thesis statement a mockingbird racism just a sample of what#8217;s out there. Where to Go for Help in Rochester. Housing may be cheap in powerpointpresentations, Rochester, but that#8217;s small comfort when you#8217;re stuck with big bills for statement for to a mockingbird racism, heat, child care, gas and food. Whatever your circumstance—whether you#8217;re a student coming from out-of-state or a long-time resident going to college part-time—these organizations can help make life a little more affordable.

Action for a Better Community (ABC) provides opportunities for low-income individuals and families to powerpointpresentations, become self-sufficient. Essays On Brain In India! Initiatives include a summer youth employment program, job placement assistance, health services (e.g. Powerpointpresentations! alcohol and substance assistance) and much more. The Salvation Army of Greater Rochester, New York provides housing homeless services, food assistance, emergency relief, help with the holidays and free/affordable summer camps. Catholic Family Center (CFC) Rochester helps with family strengthening, refugee resettlement, emergency assistance (including housing and shelters), adoption and foster care, substance abuse treatment and behavioral health. You don#8217;t have to be Catholic to receive help.

Southwest Area Neighborhood Association (SWAN) runs after-school programs, provides emergency assistance to families and manages a low-income housing cooperative. Find the most affordable colleges and degrees in the USA.

Greek Sentence Structure: Loose and Periodic Style. I offer this essay in draft (or “beta”) form with the hope that it will provoke discussion. Corrections and powerpointpresentations criticisms are welcome. Write A Essay In India! Just e-mail me by powerpointpresentations clicking here. Graphic images of the Greek texts discussed are provided. Essays On Brain! When transliterating Greek in the body of the essay, I use a simple, easy-to-read system whose only real disadvantage is that epsilon and eta, and omicron and omega are not distinguished. With the Greek text at hand, this should cause no problem. Technical Terms: What Are They For? veni, vidi, vici . Powerpointpresentations! These words, which Suetonius tells us were carried on a banner in a triumphal procession of Julius Caesar ( Divus Iulius 37), can serve as a starting-point for an analysis of in india, rhetorical figures and sentence-construction. “I came, I saw, I conquered.” Nothing could be simpler or more direct; nothing could be easier to translate. Powerpointpresentations! I was surprised, then, on walking into a classroom once, all prepared to analyze a complex piece of on brain drain in india, Isokratean rhetoric, to find this saying on the blackboard with a full rhetorical analysis appended.

It turns out that we have before us examples of: alliteration ( v eni, v idi, v ici ), homoioteleuton ( ven i , vid i , vic i ), asyndeton ( veni et vidi et vici ?), trikolon (how about veni, vici ?), isokolon (try adding a syllable: veni, vidi, victi sunt ), composition in short kommata instead of longer kola (compare: ad hostes adveni et, postquam illorum copias vidi, cunctos facile vici ), spondaic rhythm, paromoiosis (similar structure of kola or kommata), parechesis (similarity of sounds, especially between vidi and vici ), and perhaps paronomasia (a play on words involving, again, vidi and vici ), to say nothing of the overall brevity achieved by the ellipsis of words easily supplied from the (very crowded) context. Powerpointpresentations! To this list of eleven rhetorical devices others could doubtless be added. This analysis is a essay on corruption, a joke, of course. It pokes fun at pedantry. But it is also perfectly valid and makes a serious point.

The words on Caesar’s placard are rhetorically brilliant and instantly clear, but we can fully understand their brilliance only by taking them apart, seeing how they are composed, and–most important–comparing other, inferior ways of powerpointpresentations, saying the same thing. The goal is not an arid list of tropes with arrows pointing to the text but a better feeling for how the words before us work, for what makes them forceful and effective. How big an armory of in a, rhetorical terms does a student of Greek prose need? Smyth’s Greek Grammar has a convenient list of forty, with examples; a similar list of forty five, with examples from Greek, Latin and English literature, is available at the Web site of the Classics Department of the University of Kentucky; a compendious, clear, sensible, and often amusing handbook is Richard A. Powerpointpresentations! Lanham‘s A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms . Very few people can define as many as forty terms off the top of their head, nor need one do so, much less acquire the 200 or so which students had to memorize in Shakespeare’s time. Rhetorical descriptions, after all, are only guides to help us understand and experience a text; students often learn more by making their own observations without resorting to technical vocabulary. Wikipedia! Then, if there is a handy label for what they have observed, they can learn it and use it. No student who describes accurately and insightfully how an author’s words work should worry about, or be penalized for, not knowing a technical term. Powerpointpresentations! In fact, a fixation on rhetorical flourishes will hinder, not help, our understanding of in india, style. Consider again Caesar’s placard. One advantage of starting with veni, vidi, vici is that while cataloging the trees one can always see the forest: the powerpointpresentations, structure of write, this sentence is powerpointpresentations, clear and one can concentrate on details.

When analyzing complex sentences, however, it is easy to forget that the goal of arranging words “rhetorically” is to shape a sentence which develops clearly as it is heard or read, not to distract the audience with pointless ornamentation. Business Ideas! To learn about an author’s style is to learn how that author organizes his or her thoughts. Analysis and powerpointpresentations labeling and on brain in india note-taking is useless if it merely dissects an author’s words. The goal is to go back and read those words, in order, as they were intended to be read, letting the many “signposts” along the way guide us by shaping our expectations of what is to come. This point cannot be emphasized enough. Students struggling to make sense of an author’s words may think of stylistic analysis as something more advanced than mere translation, more arcane and mysterious, with its own recondite vocabulary. Ironically, they get this impression from the emphasis which most of us place on the most obvious marks of powerpointpresentations, style–rhetorical figures such as chiasmus, alliteration, homoioteleuton–as the key to paper everything: these strike our ears and eyes as we read, so naturally we begin our analysis by scanning the text, collecting as many tropes as we can, and labeling them like specimens found on a nature hike. We pay great attention to classification, which can become quite complex: is that an example of synecdoche or of metonymy?

Are we dealing with paronomasia or only parechesis? I plead guilty to having encouraged on occasion such “surface scans” of classical texts. Powerpointpresentations! The problem with them is that they don’t necessarily lead students to understand how Gorgias or Demosthenes or Isokrates has structured and expressed his thoughts, the “character” or “cast of anti banning, thought” each presents to us. Powerpointpresentations! To grasp this we must understand how an author has organized each sentence, how he has set up signposts to on brain drain guide us as his thought unfolds. This means, first, seeing how each new phrase or clause relates to what has gone before and understanding how “rhetorical devices”, in a well-turned sentence, mark the progression and structure of the thought. The real rhetoric is in the unfolding of the ideas in the order in which the powerpointpresentations, author wants us to unity in a hear or read them; rhetorical tropes are markers along the powerpointpresentations, way. To learn about an author’s style is to learn to read that author’s words, in order, as they were written–not to disarrange the words but to hear what the ancient audience heard. In his admirable essay on the style of Cicero W. Ralph Johnson puts it succinctly: ” . Book Banning Essay! . Powerpointpresentations! . Good style, whether exuberant or restrained, is good thinking (and good feeling). It is for wikipedia research, this reason that what we want to pay most attention to in style is the structuring of powerpointpresentations, sentences, how they succeed, and how they fail.” [ Luxuriance and Economy: Cicero and the Alien Style , p. Business Ideas! 7] He quotes Virginia Woolf’s description of “the rhythm of a book that, by powerpointpresentations running in the head, winds one into a ball”, and he rescues from obscurity a book by Edith Rickert, New Methods for the Study of thesis statement for to kill racism, Literature , which asserts the importance for style of the powerpointpresentations, length of whole sentences and of their parts. Business! [Chapter IV, “Thought Patterns”, has much that is interesting on the structure and relationship of sentences as a guide to style. Powerpointpresentations! As Rickert remarks (p.

111), “The study of the sentence is one of the statement racism, most fundamental and certain means of eventually getting at the secret of powerpointpresentations, style.” She offers a system for analyzing sentences which is wikipedia paper, thought-provoking, even if one chooses not to powerpointpresentations adopt it.] [General note: In this essay I use the essays, word “sentence” as a matter of convenience. There is powerpointpresentations, no exactly corresponding Greek term or concept. Dianoia , “thought,” is closest, but a dianoia need not correspond to what a modern editor marks off with a period, colon, or question-mark. Indeed, editors sometimes disagree on whether to punctuate with a full stop rather than a comma. See now Dover, The Evolution of Greek Prose Style , chapter 2.] What is anti book banning essay, it, after all, which stays with you when you’ve been reading Isokrates or Demosthenes for powerpointpresentations, hours? Not a collection of tropes but something more fundamental and harder to express in a phrase. On Brain! Why did reading Isokrates for hours on end once make me physically ill?

Why, after the excitement of the speech On the Crown , does an early speech of Demosthenes seem flat? Because a real stylist “gets in among” you. The “rhythm” of the writer’s thought is what does this. The Architecture of Greek Sentences: Loose and Periodic Style. This essay, then, with profuse thanks to Ralph Johnson, will focus on powerpointpresentations the structure or “architecture” of a Greek sentence. A formidable phrase, perhaps, but less so if one bears in mind two fundamental points: 1. Greek sentences can on occasion be very long, but the units of which they are composed are almost always short. “The edifice, lofty though it may be, is built of bricks, not of huge blocks of Cyclopean masonry.” [J. D. Thesis Statement For To A Mockingbird! Denniston, Greek Prose Style , p. 61] 2. Powerpointpresentations! Greek is unusually rich in write particles and conjunctions which serve as signposts.

These helpful qualities of the language, however, carry a danger for students. One can often get sense out of the various separate parts of a complex sentence–enough sense to have a fair idea of what the entire thing means–without really understanding the development of the whole. And the reason for this is often the very profusion of “marker-words” or “signposts” in Greek: because they are omnipresent, students tend to ignore them or at least to powerpointpresentations forget earlier signposts when later ones, in corresponsion with them, appear. One area, then, where one must be a pedant is in statement for to a mockingbird racism accounting for every single connective word in a sentence. One can then turn pedantry to powerpointpresentations profit by (re-)reading the author’s words and letting the sentence unfold as the original audience experienced it. Before we turn to the analysis of sample passages from Greek authors, let us consider the two main types of sentence structure which ancient critics recognized: the loose style (lexis eiromene) and a essay on corruption the periodic style (lexis katestrammene). The first phrase means literally “speech strung together” (from eiro, “to string or thread together”, like beads in a necklace); the second, “speech turned or guided toward an end”; the word “period” (periodos, “way around”) refers metaphorically to powerpointpresentations a racecourse, where the starting and finish lines were the same: contestants went out and around the turning-post, then retraced their path.

The loose style is often called the “running style”, a term which can be confusing in view of the race-course metaphor of the term “periodic”. [Dover points out the write, difficulty of interpreting the terms lexis katestrammene and powerpointpresentations periodos ( The Evolution of Greek Prose Style , chapter 2, Appendix: Period and essays on brain drain Kolon). He thinks that the word periodos , rather than referring to a race-course, describes “a unit of utterance which begins from major pause and ‘returns’ to a state of rest by leading to a second pause” (p. 39).] These two styles represent two ways of powerpointpresentations, developing and structuring sentences. In the loose style one statement is simply followed by another with no indication that another statement is coming. The sentence ends with the statement kill a mockingbird, final statement, without giving the reader or hearer any idea that it is powerpointpresentations, about to end. It could just as easily have ended one clause (or several) earlier or later. Here is a banal example in English: “Bill went to the store and bought some milk and essay decided to get some cheese; he came home and saw that the cat had gotten out; he looked for it and couldn’t find it; his TV suddenly went blank.” No statement looks ahead to what follows; the series could stop at any point or go on indefinitely. There is no “race-course” with a beginning, a turning point, and an end.

The virtue of this style is powerpointpresentations, that it produces an impression of plain speaking. In a court case, for example, if one is trying to thesis for to racism set out the powerpointpresentations, facts and convince the jury of one’s honesty and straightforwardness (no matter how one has actually slanted the “facts”), this is the style to use. Of course, the loose style, when handled well, is every bit as “rhetorical” as the periodic style–but its art is less apparent. In the periodic style, by contrast, markers of various sorts, often introducing phrases or clauses subordinate to write a essay the main idea, indicate the path ahead. The reader sees signs of things to come and is prepared for powerpointpresentations, them when they appear. The art of composing and of reading this sort of Greek involves setting up and then fulfilling (often with variations along the way) assumptions about wikipedia research paper how the sentence will develop. At the finish, the audience should feel that an appropriate end has been reached, a clearly defined course completed.

All periodic composition involves, in powerpointpresentations one way or another, suspension of paper, sense: the powerpointpresentations, arrangement of one or more elements of the sentence so that the thought is not felt to be complete until something else has been added. Let us rewrite the sentence above in periodic style: “After his trip to the store, where he bought milk and plans (on a sudden whim) cheese, Bill’s arrival at home was marred, first by his cat, who had gotten away and couldn’t be found, then by his TV, which suddenly went blank.” Bill’s shopping expedition has become a noun phrase introduced by the preposition “after”. His purchases are subordinated in a clause introduced by the conjunction “where”. A parenthesis characterizes his acquisition of cheese. The center of the sentence makes the main point: coming home was no fun.

The two reasons for this are appended in two parallel expressions consisting of an adverb (“first”, “then”), a prepositional phrase (“by his cat”, “by his TV”), and powerpointpresentations a relative clause (“who. . .”, “which. . .”). As silly as these sentences are, they illustrate an a essay on corruption in india, important point: unlike a simple narration in the running style, a periodic sentence will highlight the powerpointpresentations, main point(s) the writer is trying to put across and will require the writer to decide how various events or ideas are related. This need not mean, and in on brain drain in india Greek usually does not mean, that the sentence is left grammatically incomplete until the very end. More often, as above, the main clause is in the middle or even at powerpointpresentations, the beginning, with subordinate elements appended. Unity In A! Many other arrangements are of course possible and none is “objectively” better than another. What is important, in reading as well as in composing such sentences, is to powerpointpresentations understand the thought which drives the structure.

Loose Style and Periodic Style: Examples in English. The periodic style is write on corruption, not at home in present-day American English. Short, clear sentences pack more punch for us than syntactical and rhetorical baroque. Powerpointpresentations! Too many connectives, too many subordinate clauses, too much suspension of sense makes one seem fussy, pedantic, orotund. But we should recall the importance of Latin and Greek periodic style as a model for anti banning, modern prose from the Renaissance onward.

Here are examples in English of both styles. First, the lexis eiromene which has enjoyed such a vogue in powerpointpresentations English through the twentieth century, in a paragraph from Ernest Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises : The bus climbed steadily up the road. The country was barren and rocks stuck up through the clay. Research Paper! There was no grass beside the road. Looking back we could see the country spread out below. Powerpointpresentations! Far back the fields were squares of kill a mockingbird, green and powerpointpresentations brown on the hillsides.

Making the horizon were the brown mountains. They were strangely shaped. Banning! As we climbed higher the horizon kept changing. As the bus ground slowly up the road we could see other mountains coming up in the south. Powerpointpresentations! Then the road came over the crest, flattened out, and went into anti a forest. It was a forest of cork oaks, and the sun came through the trees in patches, and there were cattle grazing back in the trees. We went through the forest and the road came out and turned along a rise of land, and out ahead of us was a rolling green plain, with dark mountains beyond it. These were not like the brown, heat-baked mountains we had left behind.

These were wooded and there were clouds coming down from them. Powerpointpresentations! The green plain stretched off. It was cut by fences and write a essay the white of the road showed through the trunks of a double line of powerpointpresentations, trees that crossed the plain toward the north. As we came to the edge of the rise we saw the red roofs and white houses of Burguete ahead strung out on the plain, and away off on the shoulder of the first dark mountain was the gray metal-sheathed roof of the monastery of Roncesvalles. (Ernest Hemingway, The Sun Also Rises , New York 1926, repr. 1954, chapter 3, p. 108) As an example of in a, periodic style here is Samuel Johnson in the Preface to his edition of Shakespeare:

That praises are without reason lavished on the dead, and powerpointpresentations that the honours due only to excellence are paid to antiquity, is a complaint likely to be always continued by those who, being able to add nothing to truth, hope for eminence from the heresies of paradox, or those who, being forced by disappointment upon consolatory expedients, are willing to hope from posterity what the present age refuses, and flatter themselves that the regard which is yet denied by envy will be at business plans, last bestowed by time. . . . To works, however, of which the excellence is not absolute and powerpointpresentations definite, but gradual and comparative; to works not raised upon principles demonstrative and scientific, but appealing wholly to observation and essays in india experience, no other test can be applied than length of duration and continuance of powerpointpresentations, esteem. What mankind have long possessed they have often examined and compared, and if they persist to value the on brain in india, possession it is powerpointpresentations, because frequent comparisons have confirmed opinion in its favour. As among the works of nature no man can properly call a river deep or a mountain high without the knowledge of many mountains and many rivers, so, in the productions of anti book banning, genius, nothing can be styled excellent till it has been compared with other works of the same kind. . . . The reverence due to writings that have long subsisted arises, therefore, not from any credulous confidence in the superior wisdom of past ages, or gloomy persuasion of the degeneracy of mankind, but is the consequence of acknowledged and indubitable positions, that what has been longest known has been most considered, and what is most considered is best understood. (Samuel Johnson, Selected Writings , ed. R. T. Powerpointpresentations! Davies, Evanston 1965, pp. 262-263) The elegant and unity in a essay varied architecture of these sentences, made clear by a fullness of powerpointpresentations, expression where parallel phrases reinforce one another, will serve to remind us that English, too, is capable not only of “straight talk” but also of grandiloquence. We live in a Lysianic age, but our forbears were Ciceronians and Isokrateans. [For the difference between the two see Cicero‘s comments on Isokrates; E. Laughton, “Cicero and the Greek Orators”; G. Williamson, The Senecan Amble (on stylistic models in the Renaissance).] We should note, too, that in setting out to on corruption in india compose in a classical language we are participating, however tenuously, in a tradition which goes back to the humanists of the Renaissance, and indeed to the Hellenistic age. [Lanham (s.v. “period”, p. 113) quotes Michael Baxandall, Giotto and the Orators (Oxford 1971), pp.

20-21 and 131: “The pattern of the grand neo-classical sentence was the powerpointpresentations, period: that is, the sentence combining a number of thoughts and statements in a number of wikipedia research paper, balanced clauses. . . Powerpointpresentations! . Write In India! It is quite difficult to enjoy the powerpointpresentations, humanists’ preoccupation with the periodic sentence. . . Write In India! . But one cannot come to historical terms with the powerpointpresentations, humanists’ verbal performance without recognizing how supremely important it was for them, and in how many different ways. The periodic sentence is the basic art form of the early humanists. In India! It was a test of prowess, a focus for criticism, the full flower of the classical way with words and notions, the medium of most statements about powerpointpresentations relationships, and . . . Essays Drain! it became at a critical moment a humanist model of artistic composition in general. . Powerpointpresentations! . . Compositio was a technical concept every schoolboy in write a essay on corruption in india a humanist school had been taught to apply to language. It did not mean what we mean by literary composition, but rather the putting together of the single evolved sentence or period, this being done within the framework of a four-level hierarchy of elements: words go to make up phrases, phrases to make clauses, clauses to make sentences.”] As we turn to Greek we shall be looking for powerpointpresentations, examples of a loose style, where phrases and clauses come one after the other with no prior preparation, and a periodic style, where we are guided from a starting post, around a course, and back to paper a finish-line.

As one would expect, the loose style developed before the more elaborate periodic style. But only scraps of the earliest prose remain, and the greatest writer associated with this style, Herodotos, is far more sophisticated than some caricatures of powerpointpresentations, him suggest and writes just as elegantly and effortlessly in the periodic as in the loose style. The longest surviving fragment of Herodotos’ predecessor Hekataios (FHG 1, F15) provides a rare sample of a loose, naive style: For a graphic image of the Greek text click here. Orestheus, son of Deukalion, came to Aitolia for a kingdom and his dog gave birth to a log, and anti book banning he ordered it to be buried, and from it grew a vine with many grapes. Thus he also named his own son Phytios. Powerpointpresentations! And from this one, Oineus was born, named from the unity in a, vines (for the Greeks of old called vines oinai). And from Oineus was born Aitolos. Most striking is the almost complete lack of subordination or hypotaxis. Powerpointpresentations! Except for the participle kletheis modifying Oineus each idea is “strung” after the previous one with a coordinating conjunction, i.e. paratactically (with coordination or parataxis).

The first three such links are made with kai; the repetition seems matter-of- fact, while in a more sophisticated writer such as Lysias it would have made an emphatic point. The remaining linkages are: dio (= dia ho, “on account of which, therefore”), de, the participle kletheis, gar, and again de. The Greek text above is paper, given with Jacoby’s punctuation: two complete sentences, each with a concluding clause separated by a raised dot, the second containing also a parenthesis. There is powerpointpresentations, nothing, however, in either the grammar or the sense to prevent putting a full stop at the end of each clause, including the one set off by parentheses. (The phrase kletheis apo ton ampelon could not, of course, stand alone, but it too is “tagged on” at the end of a clause.) Note also the somewhat repetitive pronouns: autou, hos, auto, autou, autou, toutou. Different as this is from the Greek of Lysias or Isokrates, it shares with the styles of later authors a concern that every clause be clearly connected to what precedes and follows. Nor is the connection in any way crude: in the first sentence the three kai’s lead to a conclusion introduced by dio. The second sentence uses different connectives (de, the participle, gar, de) and the words oinas, ekaloun and ampelous in the gar clause echo Oineus, kletheis, and ampelon in drain in india the preceding clause. Even in the two simple statements introduced by de (toutou d’ Oineus egeneto. . .Oineos d’ egeneto Aitolos) the powerpointpresentations, position of egeneto changes, as does the position and case of Oineus’ name.

This is not to a essay claim any great sophistication for Hekataios’ Greek, but only to remind us that naivete is a relative notion. This passage survives because it was cited as an powerpointpresentations, example of the loose style and, as with other authors whom we know only by unity in a tiny fragments, we cannot be sure that it is typical of Hekataios. He may have assumed a more naive style when he was recounting a myth. Plato does this in a more sophisticated way, for example in a passage from the Protagoras , discussed below, which suggests a parody of a traditional style of naive storytelling. Hekataios’ successor Herodotos is powerpointpresentations, vastly more sophisticated. One should remember that he lived in Periclean Athens and was a friend of Sophocles; he wrote in Ionic dialect about the archaic age but was not himself “archaic”. He is essays on brain in india, a sophisticated storyteller (and historian!) who often employs, but is powerpointpresentations, not limited to, lexis eiromene. Indeed, many a “loose” Herodotean sentence leads us step by wikipedia research paper step to a dramatic climax–and has, in retrospect, the essential quality of a periodos. Such sentences gain much of powerpointpresentations, their effect from the very fact that they do not broadcast their intentions. Here is on corruption, Herodotos’ description of the powerpointpresentations, arrival of Adrastos at Sardis (1.35): For a graphic image of the in india, Greek text, click here.

When Croesus’ child had in hand his marriage, there arrived at Sardis a man bound up with misfortune and not clean in hands, being a Phrygian by birth and of the royal house. This man, coming to Croesus’ house according to powerpointpresentations the local customs asked to receive cleansing, and Croesus cleansed him. Cleansing is similar for the Lydians and the Greeks. When Croesus had performed the accustomed rites, he inquired where the man was from and who he was, saying as follows: “Man, who are you and wikipedia research from where in powerpointpresentations Phrygia have you come to be at a essay, my hearth? Whom of men or women did you kill?” And he answered: “King, of Gordias son of Midas I am the child, and I am called Adrastos, and powerpointpresentations having killed my brother unwilling I am here, driven out by my father and deprived of everything.” And Croesus answered him as follows: “You are born of men who are friends, it turns out, and you have come among friends, where you will lack for nothing, remaining in our land, and essays on brain drain in india bearing this misfortune as lightly as possible you will profit most.” [This translation is powerpointpresentations, as literal as possible consistent with giving a sense of the flow of Herodotos’ narrative. A useful exercise in coming to understand an author’s style is to book essay note the things which even such a close translation cannot convey.]

Herodotos’ sentences are longer and more complex than Hekataios’ and, like all later writers, he uses participles far more extensively. As each sentence unfolds, however, each phrase or clause is immediately clear: it advances the story without requiring us to hold several thoughts suspended at once. Thus the first sentence consists of a genitive absolute, followed by the main verb apikneetai, followed by powerpointpresentations its subject (aner, still unnamed), followed by wikipedia more about the man: his misfortune, his uncleanliness, his birth. At the end the phrases with men and de, both dependent on eon, lead up to powerpointpresentations the climactic word basileiou; the chiastic placement of the similar words geneei and geneos accentuates the final phrase. Each sentence that follows has a somewhat different structure and length. In the second sentence, for example, a participle leads off, then the essay, main verb, then a second verb appended with de.

Especially notable is Adrastos’ reply to Croesus, when he reveals who he is: the powerpointpresentations, connectives are men. Anti Book Essay! . .de. . .de. He begins with his father’s and powerpointpresentations grandfather’s names, then his own; then, in a clause far longer than the first two clauses, he reveals his misfortune. The aorist participle phoneusas (what he did) and statement kill a mockingbird racism the perfect participles exelelamenos and esteremenos (his present circumstances) carry the weight of this clause, with an unemphatic main verb (pareimi) coming between them. This sentence is a good example of an ascending trikolon , that is, a sentence in three parts with the longest element last. Further, this last element is itself divided into two parts, the second of which is again divided. One could thus call the sentence “periodic” in the sense that it forms a structured whole with (literally, in this case) a clear beginning, middle and end. Yet the effect, as we read it, is of one thought added to another in powerpointpresentations a linear, “strung together” sequence. Also imparting “flavor” to Herodotos’ style are the repetitions and “superfluous” words or phrases: in the first sentence, perhaps eon; in the second, houtos; in the fourth, legon tade. More generally, Croesus’ questions to Adrastos are stated first indirectly, then directly: epunthaneto hokothen te kai tis eie. Unity In A! . . Powerpointpresentations! .tis te eon kai kothen. (Note the chiastic order, and note also that Adrastos replies chiastically, answering kothen before tis!) The effect is of an unhurried narrative–but not a flaccid one. Paper! Rather, Herodotos asks us to pause over each question, each answer, each event in the tale of Croesus, Atys and Adrastos so that at the end, in the magnificent, fully periodic sentence which concludes the story (45.3), the whole weight slowly and relentlessly built up comes crashing down. [Cf. Denniston, Greek Prose Style , p. 8.]

For an analysis of the powerpointpresentations, periodic sentence which begins Herodotos’ History , click here. Let us turn next to Lysias, who was noted for the simplicity and elegance of his style and the vividness and clarity of his narrations. In the speech Against Eratosthenes (8-10) he is describing his own arrest by the Thirty Tyrants: For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. Dividing up the houses, they went on wikipedia their way. Me they found while I was entertaining guests; they sent them away and powerpointpresentations handed me over to Peison. Statement For To Kill! The others went to the workshop and made a list of the slaves. I asked Peison if he wanted to take money and rescue me. He said he would, if it were a lot. I said then that I was ready to give him a talent of silver coin, and he agreed that he would do this.

Now I knew that he had no regard for either gods or human beings, but nevertheless in the present circumstances it seemed to me to powerpointpresentations be imperative to get some pledge from thesis kill a mockingbird racism him. After he swore an oath, calling down ruin on powerpointpresentations himself and his children, that he would accept the talent and save me, I went into the room and opened the chest. Peison noticed and came in, and when he saw the write on corruption in india, contents he called two of powerpointpresentations, his servants and ordered them to banning essay take the things in the chest. This translation ignores most of the connectives and converts most of the participles to finite verbs but nonetheless retains the exact order in which Lysias’ narrative unfolds. Indeed, one sign of lexis eiromene is that one can translate it in order, phrase by powerpointpresentations phrase, without transposing anything. Such a translation, however, involves a considerable restructuring of Lysias’ Greek. To examine further the way Lysias has structured his narrative let us reproduce each element of the Greek on essay a separate line, with indentations to show the relationship among them; the excruciatingly literal translation which follows will show how complex the “loose” style of Lysias really is. To emphasize the careful connection and subordination of the Greek (even where ideas seem to powerpointpresentations follow straightforwardly one after the other), words which serve as signposts are in in a boldface and circumstantial participles, which express so many subordinated ideas so concisely, are underlined in the Greek graphic. For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. And dividing up the houses they went on powerpointpresentations their way.

And me, on research paper the one hand, they found entertaining guests, whom driving out they handed me over to Peison; the rest, on the other hand, going to the workshop, made a list of the slaves. And I asked Peison, on powerpointpresentations the one hand, (5) if he wanted to essay rescue me, taking money. he, on the other hand, said he did, if it were a lot. I said then that I was prepared to give a talent of powerpointpresentations, silver coin, and he agreed that he would do this. (10) Now I knew that he had no regard for either gods or men, but nonetheless in the present circumstances it seemed to plans ideas me to be most necessary. to take a pledge from powerpointpresentations him. And when he swore, calling down ruin on himself and drain his children, (15) that accepting the talent he would save me, going into powerpointpresentations the room I opened the box; But Peison, noticing, came in. and, seeing the contents, called two of thesis for to a mockingbird, his servants.

and ordered them to powerpointpresentations take the things in the box. [As a tool for analyzing Greek style such an ultra-literal translation is a essay in india, far more useful than a smooth, fully Englished version, since the powerpointpresentations, goal is to understand the Greek, not to replace it. Students should develop the habit of unity, translating Greek this way, in powerpointpresentations the order of the wikipedia research paper, original. To aim for a “polished” translation is to ignore what makes the powerpointpresentations, Greek distinctive.] Before we analyze this passage, a general note about the line-division and indentation of this and other passages below. It is intended only to thesis statement kill a mockingbird racism suggest the powerpointpresentations, units of meaning into which the sentence seems to fall. Each such unit was probably, but far from certainly, followed by a distinct pause when the Greek was spoken aloud; much depended on a speaker’s (or reader’s) delivery. Write On Corruption In India! No “scientific” accuracy is powerpointpresentations, claimed or, indeed, is write a essay, possible. Lines often, but not always, correspond to powerpointpresentations kola. (To be entirely consistent one would have to place eipon oun [9], for example, on a separate line, but this would create a false impression of composition in very short units [kommata].)

We should remember, more fundamentally, that the very idea of a “sentence” is modern: ancient writers speak of a dianoia or sententia, “thought”, which may not coincide with our idea of a “sentence”. [For a modern definition of thesis kill racism, a sentence see, e.g., Rickert, New Methods for the Study of Literature , p. 111.] Likewise, while a “period” (periodos) often corresponds to what we would call a “sentence”, a portion of a sentence can constitute a complete period (as remarked by Aristotle and Demetrios). Modern punctuation represents the judgment of modern editors; in setting out texts I have generally followed the consensus of editors on the placement of powerpointpresentations, full stops. [See, e.g., Johnson, Luxuriance and Economy , pp. 15-17 with references.] Nor does a kolon (“limb”, membrum) necessarily correspond to in india what we call a “clause”; E. Fraenkel has shown that even a short phrase can have the force of a kolon. [See also H. Dik, Word Order in Ancient Greek , chapter 3.] And there is no hard and fast distinction between a kolon and the shorter unit called a komma (“cutting”, incisum). Powerpointpresentations! As for the indentations, they do not follow any set system but are intended as guides to the structure of the sentence. In particular they do not always correspond to essay levels of subordination. (I have always found complex systems of notation, based on subordination, baffling.) Readers can learn a great deal by (re)organizing the “layout” of these passages in powerpointpresentations their own way and analyzing other passages of their own choice. Now for Lysias. In the passage quoted above there is almost nothing of business plans, overt rhetorical artifice, but its art becomes apparent when one observes, for example, the interweaving of participles and finite verbs.

They tend to be paired, but not mechanically so. Powerpointpresentations! The last sentence (lines 18-20), which describes Peison’s actions, is set out in business ideas three parts linked by kai. Powerpointpresentations! Lysias could have achieved greater concision and concentration, perhaps, by thesis statement for to kill racism putting everything into a single clause with several participles and one main verb, but this would spoil the simplicity of the narrative: Peison came into the room; he saw what was in the chest; he issued a command. (Two historical presents, eiserkhetai and kalei [but not a third –note ekeleusen], add to powerpointpresentations the vividness.) The participles tell why (proximately) he did what he did, and a essay in india it is worth analyzing each participle in this passage as to whether it is causal, temporal, conditional, or whatever. Note especially eparomenos in Peison’s oath (15): the phrase in which it appears is a longer element between two shorter ones, and we linger on powerpointpresentations it before coming to the oath itself, labon. . .sosein. Of course, even without such analysis the reader responds directly to business plans what Lysias writes–but for this very reason it is easy to miss how much he is telling us, simply and elegantly.

Notice also the variety. Shorter elements are interspersed among longer ones; constructions are varied. Powerpointpresentations! An indirect question leads to indirect statements: Peisona men eroton ei. . . , ho d’ ephasken ei. . . ., eipon oun hoti . . . ., ho d’ homologese. . . ., epistamen men oun hoti. A Essay On Corruption! . Powerpointpresentations! ., homos d’. Plans! . Powerpointpresentations! .edokei. . . ., epeide de omosen. . . . Note, too, the placement of business, sosai. . .labon (6), labein (13), labon. Powerpointpresentations! . .sosein (16), labein (20). On Brain! The repetition is “subliminal” rather than rhetorically insistent and powerpointpresentations includes a nice chiasmus (6, 16). A Essay! In short, this is rhetorical art which succeeds by concealing itself. Powerpointpresentations! As with Herodotos, lexis eiromene is anything but naive. If one wants to banning essay appreciate Lysias fully, one need only attempt to translate a similar narrative from English to Greek! For an analysis of powerpointpresentations, periodic sentences by Lysias, click here.

Sophisticated in a different way is the storytelling style which Plato adopts from time to time, for example in the fable about the origin of justice told by Protagoras in business plans ideas the dialogue of that name. Powerpointpresentations! Here is an excerpt (320c8-e4): For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. Once there was a time. when gods existed. but mortal kinds did not. And when for these too there came the appointed time of anti banning, birth, gods molded them within the earth (5) from earth and fire mixing them. and from the things which blend with fire and earth.

And when they were ready to lead them to the light, they bade Prometheus and Epimetheus. adorn them and assign powers to each as was fitting. (10) And Epimetheus asked Prometheus if he could assign them himself. “And when I’ve assigned them,” he said, “you inspect them.” And so persuading, he assigned. And in his assigning, to some he attached strength without speed; the weaker with speed he adorned; (15) some he weaponed; to some awarding a weaponless nature, another power he devised for their safety: to the ones he wrapped in smallness. winged flight or underground home he assigned; (20) the ones he increased in greatness, by this very thing he made them safe. And so he assigned the rest, maintaining a balance.

On its surface the style of powerpointpresentations, this passage is naive: Plato imparts a “flavor” of archaism to his story with short clauses, simple declarative statements, and paper repeated words. The first sentence (1-3) has three brief clauses with the verb eimi; the second and third clauses are exactly parallel, and the whole sentence begins and ends with the same word (the figure of kyklos). The variation theoi/thneta gene avoids a too-exact symmetry. The next two sentences (4-7, 8-10) are structured like each other, but there is variety within that structure: an epeide-clause, then the main verb, then a subordinate verb form (participle/infinitives), then a subordinate clause (hosa. . .hos. . Powerpointpresentations! .). [The subordinate clause hos prepei is virtually an adverb and thus does not have a line to itself.] The first of these sentences could have been ended after lines 5 or 6; the for to a mockingbird, addition of powerpointpresentations, line 7 is elegant, with its chiasmus (ges kai puros, 6; puri kai gei, 7) and the variation meixantes/kerannutai. Three short statements follow (11-13), with a fivefold repetition of forms of paper, nemo carrying over from the powerpointpresentations, preceding sentence (10) and into the next (14). In particular, the repetition of the last word of a sentence at the beginning of the next one (neimai/neimantos, nemei/nemon) is in the manner of Herodotos. Each of book essay, these three statements could stand as a separate sentence; each is shorter than the one before. One can see the art of this by glancing at the next sentence, which runs through line 18 (in thought, all the way to 23): exactly the sort of variety that Plato always seeks, and a sure sign that he is creating the illusion of a naive style, not the real thing. This sentence catalogs the attributes which Epimetheus assigned to various creatures. Powerpointpresentations! After the link-word nemon these are set forth with a men and three des; note the chiastic variation tois/tous/tous/tois and the varied length of the clauses.

The fourth clause (17) begins with a participle instead of a finite verb and introduces the whole category of animals without natural weapons; the longer kolon in 18, with the verb emekhanato at its center, sets the stage for the second catalog of attributes in 19-23. Here each category of wikipedia, animals is introduced by a relative clause, followed by a main clause detailing how these creatures were protected. The description of small animals, of course, is much longer than that of powerpointpresentations, large ones! Finally, again very much in the manner of Plato, the enumeration is concisely cut short by the final summary in 23. Particularly elegant is the repetition nemon (14), enemen (20), enemen (23): a kyklos with an on brain in india, extra form in the middle. A playful and powerpointpresentations sophisticated Platonic fable, then, where the narrative progresses straightforwardly even when sentence-structure becomes complex. Nowhere is anything essential to grammatical sense or meaning suspended for more than one line, so that the dominant impression is of someone speaking in paper the loose, “strung-together” style. Periodic Style: Demosthenes and powerpointpresentations Isokrates. Turning to lexis katestrammene (lexis he en periodois), let us begin with a sentence of Demosthenes which Demetrios quotes as an example of a period whose form is determined precisely by statement a mockingbird its content, and which Demetrios then re-arranges into powerpointpresentations non-periodic style (Demosthenes 20.1; Demetrios 10-11). Here, and in the examples which follow, the periodic effect is gained by on brain drain suspending until the end of the sentence an element essential for the grammar and the sense. For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here.

Men of the powerpointpresentations, jury, most of all because I think it benefits the anti book banning essay, city for the law to be annulled, second for the sake of powerpointpresentations, Chabrias’ child, I have agreed that I shall, as best I am able, speak for essay, these men. Demetrios says that this period, which consists of three kola [apart from the opening vocative], has a certain “bending” or “turning” (kampe) and “concentration” or “coiling together” (sustrophe) at the end. What gives it this quality? Unlike the examples of lexis eiromene quoted above, this sentence begins with two kola subordinate to the final kolon not only grammatically but also in sense: malista men heineka. . . ./eita kai. . .heineka. Powerpointpresentations! . . . The main verb homologesa comes at the beginning of the last kolon but requires an business ideas, infinitive in indirect statement to powerpointpresentations complete its meaning. Demosthenes holds this infinitive until the end by a essay on corruption dividing toutois from sunerein with a subordinate clause. The whole sentence is aimed at an end, which sunerein provides. Note, incidentally, that Demosthenes avoids a too-exact corresponsion of the first two kola by varying their length, changing the position of heineka, having heineka govern first an powerpointpresentations, articular infinitive then a noun, and by answering men not with de but with eita kai. Demetrios’ re-arrangement of this into a non-period is instructive. For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. I shall speak for these men, citizens of Athens.

For Chabrias’ son is a friend of thesis statement for to racism, mine, and much more than him the city, for which it is right for me to speak. As Demetrios remarks, the period has disappeared. Each kolon is independent in sense; a full stop could be placed at the end of any of the first three kola. Nothing forces us to look ahead for a conclusion to come. (Indeed, Demosthenes’ final word has become Demetrios’ first.) We are not on a circular course, with a turning point and a finish line in sight, but on a straight path of uncertain length. Powerpointpresentations! Each kolon is appended to the preceding one rather than fulfilling an expectation set up earlier. For excerpts from Demetrios’ essay, click here. A longer periodic sentence of Demosthenes is analyzed below. To return to the table of contents, click here. Here is a period from Isokrates’ Panegyrikos (186), cited by Aristotle in the Rhetoric (1410a): For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. Fame and memory and glory.

how much ought one to think. those will either possess while alive. or leave behind when they die. who in deeds of thesis for to kill a mockingbird, this sort excel? Only a tortured English translation, as above, can reflect the way Isokrates has directed this sentence toward its “finish-line”, aristeusantas. Each element of the powerpointpresentations, sentence requires something later to complete its meaning: first come three accusatives; then they are made part of a question governed by the verbs khre and wikipedia nomizein, the first of which requires an accusative subject, the second an infinitive; then come two parallel accusatives and infinitives, but since the accusative words are participles we still don’t know who the sentence is about; finally, the phrase tous. . .aristeusantas, with a prepositional phrase enclosed, tells us.

Notice also how Isokrates emphasizes the structure of the sentence with repeated sounds and words: phemen, mnemen, posen; nomizein, ekhein, kataleipsein; e, e; zontas, teleutesantas, aristeusantas. Each of these repetitions spans two or three kola and leads us forward to the conclusion. A longer periodic sentence of powerpointpresentations, Isokrates is analyzed below. Short and Long Kola: Xenophon and Thucydides. As is unity in a essay, usual in Greek, each kolon in the examples just discussed is powerpointpresentations, short and easily comprehended. Were this not so, it would be very difficult to suspend the sense until the very end.

Two examples cited by Demetrios, each a description of a river, show the strikingly different effect of very short kola (kommata) and unusually long ones. First, Xenophon’s description of the river Teleboas ( Anabasis 4.4.3, Demetrios 6): houtos d’ en kalos men, megas d’ ou. This (river) was beautiful, but not large. Then Thucydides’ description of the thesis for to kill, Acheloos (2.102.2, Demetrios 45): For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. For the river Acheloos, flowing down from Mount Pindos through Dolopia and the Agraioi and Amphilochoi, and through the Akarnanian plain, skirting the city Stratos upland. and discharging into powerpointpresentations the sea by Oiniadai and creating a marsh around their city, makes it impossible, because of the water, in winter to mount a campaign.

The sentence, like the river, flows and twists and turns to business its conclusion. Only in the last kolon do we get the main verb, and the adjective aporon preceding it forces us to wait for the final word, strateuein, which explains the strategic reason for the entire excursus introduced by gar. An appropriately serpentine periodos! As a final example of a periodos where sense is suspended until the end, here is a sentence of Lysias, who was just as much at home in the periodic as in the loose style (25.18): For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. But if you think it necessary. the men whom those ones omitted to harm. yourselves to ruin, none of the citizens will be left. In the protasis of this conditional sentence Lysias gains extra force first by using ei plus the powerpointpresentations, indicative rather than the more usual ean plus subjunctive (making the whole sentence in effect a future most vivid or minatory conditional sentence), then by bringing the relative clause forward to precede the infinitive apolesai on which it depends.

The sentence concludes both logically and dramatically with the business, main verb hupoleiphthesetai. Not every periodic sentence postpones an essential element until the very end. Such sentences are indeed the most neatly “rounded” and powerpointpresentations “directed toward a finish-line”, but a longer period expressing complex ideas would be difficult for business ideas, an audience to follow if they had to keep track of multiple suspensions of meaning and powerpointpresentations multiple subordinations until the final kolon. Often the main verb comes at the beginning or in the middle, and the effect of a structured whole is for to kill a mockingbird racism, achieved by carefully arranging parallel or antithetical kola whose sense is complete before the powerpointpresentations, sentence moves on. Plans! Here is Isokrates’ description of Xerxes’ march through northern Greece ( Panegyrikos 89, cited in part by powerpointpresentations Aristotle, Rhetoric 1410a): For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. Who came to so great a point of arrogance.

that, thinking it was a small task to subjugate Greece. and wanting to leave a monument so great. that it is not a thing of human birth, he did not earlier stop (5) until he discovered and compelled. the thing which all men talk about: how with his army. to sail through the mainland. and march through the sea, (10) yoking the Hellespont. and digging through Athos. This is a splendid example of a long and carefully crafted period where the main verb comes in the first kolon and everything else unfolds in later subordinations.

The layers of subordination, rather than creating a tangled suspension of sense, unfold clearly and in sequence. Note how small the elements are which make up most of this sentence. The longest kola, the second and third, describe Xerxes’ grandiose thoughts; as his plan progresses, things seem to get easier until, in two short phrases, he yokes the sea and digs the land. And note the careful and varied connections: relative clauses, result clauses, a temporal clause, pairs of participles and statement kill racism a pair of infinitives set off by men and de. Note, finally, how similar sounds reinforce parallel structures: pleusai, pezeusai (9,10); zeuxas, dioruxas (11,12).

End-rhyme links the paired verb forms, the first syllable of zeuxas picking up sounds from the preceding pair. Another period of Isokrates is analyzed above. Many periodoi are based neither on suspension of sense nor on powerpointpresentations grammatical subordination but consist of a series of thesis for to kill racism, parallel or antithetical kola. Powerpointpresentations! Here are two examples from Lysias cited by C. D. Adams in anti book his insightful discussion of the powerpointpresentations, differences between loose and book banning periodic style (Lysias, Selected Speeches , pp. 345-352): For a graphic image of the powerpointpresentations, Greek text, click here. The killing of men they thought of no importance; the taking of money they considered of great importance. (12.7) For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. many of the citizens to our enemies they banished; many they wrongly killed and thesis for to left unburied; many with civic rights they disenfranchised; of many the daughters about to be married they balked. (12.21)

Strictly speaking, the first of these sentences presents an antithesis, the second a series of parallels. In each, however, as commonly, the powerpointpresentations, kola are closely parallel in form: in the first, each kolon consists of infinitive + direct object + phrase with peri + main verb; at the end the wikipedia, rhyme hegounto/epoiounto (homoioteleuton) reinforces the parallel and brings closure. The kola are nearly equal in length: 18 and 16 syllables (the figure of isokolon or, more strictly, parisosis). The conjunctions men and de produce a suspension not of immediate meaning but of general thought: while the first kolon gives a complete thought, we know that more is to come. In the powerpointpresentations, second sentence four parallel kola portray the nefarious character of the Thirty Tyrants. Not only are the kola nearly identical in length (17, 17, 15, and 18 syllables) but their similarity is strengthened by the repetitions pollous/pollous/pollous/pollon at the beginning and exelasan/epoiesan/katestesan/ekolusan at the end. Write! The detail added by the fourth kolon–the confiscations of powerpointpresentations, property even prevented some families from giving their daughters dowries–provides a vivid and dramatic climax and brings a sense of periodic closure. For excerpts from Demetrios’ essay, click here. For a graphic of Lysias 12.99-100 laid out in kola and kommata, click here.

Even a single kolon can be periodic. Thesis Statement! Demetrios cites (17) the opening of Herodotos’ History : Herodotou Halikarnasseos histories apodexis hede. . . . Of Herodotos of Halikarnassos’ inquiry the powerpointpresentations, result is banning, this. A neat suspension of sense, where longer words lead to a shorter “capstone”, hede. Since this period is part of a longer sentence, it is worth quoting the whole thing: For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. Of Herodotos of Halikarnassos’ inquiry the result is this, that neither may the things done by powerpointpresentations men with time become extinct. nor may great and wondrous deeds, some by foreigners shown forth, both the essay, other events and through what cause they warred with each other. Thus, in powerpointpresentations a masterful period, does Herodotos reveal the goal and scope of his History . Note the careful connections and the alternation of long and short kola. Note the double purpose clause (hos mete. . .genetai, mete. . In India! .genetai), where the powerpointpresentations, second clause makes us wait while the meaning of erga is business plans, amplified by ta men. Powerpointpresentations! . . ta de. . . in apposition. Note, especially, how the banning, Persian Wars appear, understated, in powerpointpresentations a kolon appended at the very end, in apposition to and amplifying what went before. Isokrates could have done no better.

Rhetorical, Historical, and Philosophical Periods. Thus periodic sentences can have various structures and can achieve “rounding” or “concentration toward an end” or “completeness” in various ways and to various degrees. In addition to Adams‘ distinction between periods involving suspension of sense, antithesis, and parallelism one should take note of the more fundamental distinction which Demetrios draws between three types of essays on brain in india, period, according to how tightly they are constructed: the powerpointpresentations, rhetorical period, the paper, historical period, and the philosophical period or period of powerpointpresentations, dialogue. The rhetorical period is the most rounded, with a “turning” and “concentration” at wikipedia research, the end (Demetrios 10). Examples are the passages from powerpointpresentations Demosthenes (20.1), Thucydides (2.102.2), and Isokrates (Panegyrikos 186) discussed above, where a crucial element is a essay, withheld until the conclusion. To return to the table of contents, click here.

A Short Historical Period of powerpointpresentations, Xenophon. As an business plans ideas, example of a historical period Demetrios cites the opening of Xenophon’s Anabasis : For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. Of Dareios and Parysatis were born two children, the older Artaxerxes, the younger Kyros. (Anabasis 1.1; Demetrios 3) According to Demetrios this sentence consists of two kola, each of which, while an integral part of the powerpointpresentations, sentence, completes its own thought. In India! [One could also treat the phrases with men and de as separate kola (or kommata).] That is, the first kolon is complete in itself, but the powerpointpresentations, second adds details which, once we have them, we perceive as part of an organized whole.

Many sentences, both shorter and longer, are organized in this way, not only by plans historians but by powerpointpresentations every kind of writer. The construction is looser than that of a rhetorical period but still produces the impression of a rounded whole. To return to the table of contents, click here. The philosophical period or period of dialogue is looser still and barely gives the write on corruption, impression of being a period at all. Demetrios cites the opening of Plato’s Republic : For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. I went down yesterday to Peiraios. with Glaukon, Ariston’s son, to pray to the goddess. and also wanting to see the festival, how they would perform it, since now they’re holding it for powerpointpresentations, the first time. (Plato, Republic 327a1-3; Demetrios 21) Demetrios notes that kolon is piled on kolon in apparent artlessness–yet, as critics have long remarked, this is one of the research paper, most studied and artful of powerpointpresentations, Greek sentences. [See, for example, Denniston’s remarks ( Greek Prose Style , p. 41).] Plato is said to have puzzled long over a essay, the order of the opening words. The very first word is the powerpointpresentations, main verb; a full stop could be placed at the end of each kolon (except for on brain drain in india, the third, where te looks ahead to kai hama); the indirect question tina tropon poiesousin comes as a seeming afterthought, picking up the accusative heorten of the previous kolon (the fairly common figure of prolepsis).

Yet by powerpointpresentations the end we have run a full course, a periodos. The sentence is more than what it seems to be: formally (grammatically) one could regard it as lexis eiromene, but it is really periodic. There is no one formula, then, for a periodic sentence nor, as we are reading an author, should we expect to be able to say with certainty whether this or that sentence or passage is “loose” or “periodic”, much less classify each sentence as rhetorical, historical, or philosophical. Rather, we should observe how Greek writers ring changes on sentence-patterns and how they use connectives and rhetorical figures as “signposts” for the listener and reader. Labels, where we can assign them, are means, not ends. For Demetrios’ remarks on the three types of period, click here. In order to place in perspective the use of rhetorical figures as guides to the architecture of a sentence, let us look at a essay on corruption in india, the most exuberant rhetorician of them all, Gorgias of Leontinoi, who amazed the Athenians with a style in which repeated sounds and plays on words were part of the very texture of the powerpointpresentations, Greek. Our Gorgianic exemplar is chapter 6 of the Encomium of on corruption in india, Helen . For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. For either by Fortune’s volitions.

and the gods’ counsels. and Necessity’s decrees. she did what she did, or by force seized (5) or by words persuaded. If, then, because of the first, worthy to be accused is the one accusing: for god’s zealousness by human forethought it is impossible to powerpointpresentations hinder. (10) For it is natural not for the stronger thing by the weaker to be hindered, but for the weaker by business ideas the stronger to be ruled and guided, and for powerpointpresentations, the stronger to statement for to kill a mockingbird racism lead. and the weaker to follow.

But god than man is a stronger thing (15) both in force and in wisdom and in all else. If, then, to Fortune and the god the blame one must assign, verily Helen from her ill fame one must absolve. Not only is the passage composed for powerpointpresentations, the most part of very short elements (kommata rather than kola) but many of these are the same or nearly the same in write in india length (isokolon or parisosis): Tukhes boulemasi, theon bouleumasi, and powerpointpresentations Anagkes psephismasin (lines 1-3) are 6, 6, and 7 syllables; to men kreisson hegeisthai and to de hesson hepesthai (13-14) are each 7 syllables. End-rhyme (homoioteleuton) is everywhere: boulemasi, bouleumasi, psephismasin; harpastheisa, peistheisa, (5-7) [ is a medieval conjecture based on Gorgias’ development of the argument in chapter 15]; anatheteon, apoluteon (17-18). Parallel phrases follow one another in staccato succession: genitive noun + dative noun (1-3); substantive + phrase with hupo + infinitive(s) (11-12); substantive + infinitive (13-14). Parallelism of sound and structure comes from write in india plays on sound (parechesis) and meaning (paronomasia) within and between phrases, with similar words and even forms of the same word juggled kaleidoscopically: boulemasi/bouleumasi (1-2); aitiasthai/aitiomenos (9), where the powerpointpresentations, first form is passive, the second middle; kreisson. . .hessonos. . .hesson. Anti Book Essay! . .kreissonos. . .kreisson. . .hesson (11-14), a double chiasmus.

Note also the end-rhymes in -sthai and the alliteration of h- in 13-14: hegeisthai/hesson/hepesthai. Especially bizarre is theou prothumian/anthropinoi promethiai in 10: what appears to powerpointpresentations be a longer kolon is broken up (or is it simply tangled, like vain human intentions?) by these nearly impenetrable phrases. Before dismissing these devices as puerilities, we should remember two things: first, the Greeks did not regard words merely as arbitrary collections of phonemes randomly assigned meanings; sound was connected to sense. Second, the argument from for to which this passage is excerpted is powerpointpresentations, meticulously logical and entirely typical of fifth-century “sophistic” argumentation as exemplified in Euripides, Thucydides, and Aristophanes. [See the works of John Finley cited in the bibliography.] The layout of this passage in the graphic attempts to isolate its smallest constituent elements. Wikipedia Research Paper! Gorgias encourages this with his insistent repetitions and isokola. But if we step back and look at overall sentence-structure, Gorgias’ sophistication is evident. The first sentence (1-7) pivots around epraxen ha epraxen; the possible reasons for Helen’s elopement are presented on either side of this main clause. Powerpointpresentations! Preceding it is one possibility (Fortune, gods, Necessity) divided into three; following it are others (probably three in number with one phrase each). Although we cannot know, as we read, exactly where the series will end (and indeed we do not know, since line 7 is a conjecture!), Gorgias suspends the sense nicely near the center of the sentence.

The second sentence (8- 9), a straightforward protasis + apodosis, is inherently periodic. In the next (10) the predicate adjective adunaton, which reveals the grammatical construction, comes next to last, and banning essay the direct object prothumian receives its infinitive (the subject of the powerpointpresentations, sentence) only at the end. By contrast, in the longer sentence which follows (11- 14) everything depends on the first word, pephuke: the first kolon, introduced by ou, leads to the second, which answers ou with alla and where koluesthai is answered by two infinitives, arkhesthai and agesthai; at unity in a essay, the end (13-14) two further articular infinitives amplify the idea expressed in line 12. Since the powerpointpresentations, phrases with men and de form a single thought, they could just as easily be placed on a single line. They would then complete an ascending trikolon.

The next-to-last sentence (15-16) is a straightforward nominal sentence, with kreisson amplified by three datives each introduced by kai. Thesis Racism! The final sentence consists of protasis + apodosis, each concluded by a verbal adjective. [In line 18 the first word is MacDowell’s conjecture (CQ [n.s.] 11 [1961] p. Powerpointpresentations! 121).] Thus if we go beneath the dazzling surface of write on corruption in india, Gorgias’ rhetoric the powerpointpresentations, confident construction of the sentences which convey his argument is apparent. Gorgias’ prose, with its successive kommata and insistent jingles, seems at first anything but “periodic”. Demetrios, however, describes Gorgias as writing entirely in periods (15). Critics have puzzled over how his audience could have been so impressed by Gorgias’ speaking, but in the courts as well as in on corruption the ekklesia the powerpointpresentations, goal, after all, was effective argumentation, and the present epideixis is essays, a tour de force of exactly that. If we look to powerpointpresentations the overall length and structure of each successive argument in Gorgias’ logos, a different Gorgias emerges, an anti book banning, expert packager of solid, familiar arguments in novel form. Often cited in this context is Kleon’s condemnation of the powerpointpresentations, Athenians’ obsession with rhetoric (Thucydides 3.38). The Athenians, says Kleon, want to anticipate a speaker’s words and be seen doing so.

Later, for an audience to do this was a sign of an essays on brain drain, unoriginal speaker whose words followed an all-too-predictable course (cf. Demetrios 15). This is the audience that, only months later, Gorgias astounded with his speaking. Such a seasoned, even jaded audience was ready for powerpointpresentations, something new. Gomme‘s notes ad loc., citing several passages from Aristophanes, evoke well the in a essay, intellectual atmosphere attending Gorgias’ arrival. To conclude this section here is an appropriately rhetorical translation of this passage by powerpointpresentations Larue Van Hook: For either by the disposition of fortune and the ratification of the gods and the determination of necessity she did what she did, or by violence confounded, or by persuasion dumbfounded, or to Love surrendered. If, however, it was against her will, the culpable should not be exculpated.

For it is impossible to forestall divine disposals by human proposals. Book Banning! It is a law of nature that the stronger is not subordinated to the weaker, but the weaker is subjugated and powerpointpresentations dominated by the stronger; the stronger is the leader, while the for to kill, weaker is the entreater. Powerpointpresentations! Divinity surpasses humanity in might, in sight, and in all else. Therefore, if on fortune and essays on brain in india the deity we must visit condemnation, the infamy of Helen should find no confirmation. [Published in his introduction to Isokrates’ Helen , in vol. 3 of the Loeb edition of Isokrates, pp. 55-57.] Here, lastly, is an example of the finest periodic style in Greek, the mature style of Demosthenes. Powerpointpresentations! Over the course of anti book banning, his career, Demosthenes developed a style unrivaled for its variety, intensity, and powerpointpresentations concentration, a style not wholly periodic like that of thesis racism, Isokrates but mixing long and complex periods with shorter, simpler statements, questions, exclamations. A good Demosthenic periodos, often cited, is the opening of the speech On the Crown : For a graphic image of the Greek text, click here. First, Athenian men, I pray to all the gods and powerpointpresentations goddesses, as much good will as I continually have to the city and book banning essay all of you, that so much be accorded me from you for this contest; second, a thing which especially concerns you and your piety and reputation, this for the gods to grant you: (5) not to make my opponent your advisor.

about how you ought to listen to me. (that would be outrageous) but the laws and powerpointpresentations the oath, in which, in addition to the other just things, this too is book banning essay, written: (10) to listen to both in the same way. At the powerpointpresentations, outset of research, his speech Demosthenes gives original form to a commonplace idea: both sides deserve a hearing, and each speaker should be allowed to develop his arguments in his own way. At each stage of the sentence grammatical “signposts” and other key words create a suspension of meaning which is only resolved in a later kolon. Demosthenes casts the powerpointpresentations, entire sentence as a prayer (as he does the conclusion of the speech [324], which repays comparison). The prayer has two main parts, introduced by proton men (1) and epeith’ (4). The unremarkable words tois theois eukhomai are made memorable by three more words, bracketing the verb: tois theois eukhomai pasi kai pasais, which gives a striking rhythm: three cretics and a spondee. As for plans ideas, the content of the prayer, it will be given by the infinitives huparxai (3) and parastesai (5).

Preceding the first is a relative clause introduced by hosen, which looks ahead to the correlative tosauten for the completion of powerpointpresentations, its meaning: in return for his efforts on thesis for to racism behalf of the city and powerpointpresentations its citizens, Demosthenes asks an equal recompense (a point reinforced by humin. . In India! .par’ humon). The second infinitive, parastesai, is powerpointpresentations, again preceded by a relative clause, this time introduced by hoper, which looks ahead to its antecedent touto (and note, in 4 and 5, huper humon and humin, forming an elegant chiasmus with the earlier pronouns humin [2] and humon [3]). But the second part of the prayer is not complete. Unlike toiauten huparxai the phrase touto parastesai forces us to look ahead to complete the meaning of touto, which is supplied by the infinitive me. . .poiesasthai, in apposition to touto. But we are not through yet. The word sumboulon requires an explanation, provided (7) by a concise prepositional phrase with an articular indirect question (!). Demosthenes then pauses for a parenthetical remark (8). Then he picks up and continues the construction which he had interrupted: me ton antidikon sumboulon poiesasthai. . .alla tous nomous kai ton horkon. His delivery would have made it clear that me was here not a simple negative but required alla to complete its meaning.

The period concludes with a relative clause explaining the jurors’ oath–a clause whose culmination is prepared for by a prepositional phrase with pros and by the pronoun touto, in apposition to book which comes the final articular infinitive–the point of the whole sentence, an powerpointpresentations, equal hearing for both sides, invested now with the authority of the gods and the solemnity of the oath. A complex period, with many suspensions of sense. With a subtle art Demosthenes resolves one suspension even as he introduces another. The main verb leads off; the climax of the write a essay, sentence comes in a “mere” relative clause. There are clear signposts, but they are varied and not pedantically regular. Powerpointpresentations! The same variety is apparent in the two parts of the prayer (2-3, 5-11). Anti Book Banning! Even proton men and powerpointpresentations epeith’, the unity in a, linchpins of the sentence, are not placed strictly logically: epeith’ should introduce a parallel prayer, with another verb answering eukhomai or with the same verb understood, but it does not. It introduces the second prayer dependent on eukhomai. Line 4 above should logically be indented in the Greek graphic, but this is where logical strictness yields to art. To put it another way, proton men should really be placed after the first kolon–but how banal that would be!

A shorter period of Demosthenes is powerpointpresentations, analyzed here. More Periods of Gorgias, Isokrates, and anti Demosthenes. Here are some graphic representations of powerpointpresentations, periods of Gorgias, Isokrates, and Demosthenes not discussed above. Click here to see Gorgianic periods. Click here to see Isokratean periods. Click here to see Demosthenic periods. The distinction between the periodic structures favored by research paper Isokrates and those of powerpointpresentations, Demosthenes is brought out well by Eric Laughton in his comparison of these orators with Cicero, who is Demosthenic rather than Isokratean (“Cicero and the Greek Orators”, AJP 82 [1961] 27-49; see especially pp. 41-49). Cf. H. C. Gotoff, “Thrasymachus of Chalcedon and Ciceronian Style.”

But when one looks back at the elegant repetitions and subordinations, at the effortless variety of Plato’s expression, and especially at essay, the elaborate edifice of 14-23 (nemon . . . enemen), one has, in retrospect, a sense of rounding, a sense that one has been led on a planned path with a clear beginning, middle, and end. It should be no surprise, in a writer so artful as Plato, that even a “loose” narrative has, beneath its surface, more than a hint of periodic style. [For a detailed analysis of Protagoras’ story as an example of powerpointpresentations, a traditional fable, and a discussion of in a essay, lexis eiromene in general, see E. Norden, Agnostos Theos, Anhang VII, pp. 366-379. On Greek and Roman fables see Ben Perry’s introduction to the Loeb edition of Babrius and Phaedrus (Cambridge, Mass./London 1965), pp. xi-xxxiv.]