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Argumentative essay on the apology

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Bio-Supermarkt: die 5 wichtigsten Bio-Onlineshops. Der Bio-Supermarkt im Web und Bio-Onlineshops sind im Trend, Konsumenten kaufen immer haufiger okologisch-naturliche Produkte bequem und einfach im Netz. On The? Utopia stellt die funf wichtigsten vor: Basic, Amore bio, Rapunzel, KaRo und bringMirBio – plus Alternativen. Driving Privilege Essay? Wichtig: Bei Bio-Onlineshops auf den Versand achten. Argumentative On The? Bio-Supermarkte schonen im Vergleich zu konventionellen Laden die Umwelt und werden in essay about friend, Deutschland immer beliebter. Argumentative On The? Unter Umweltaspekten gehort bei ihren Online-Brudern allerdings der Versand zu den Nachteilen, auch wenn die meisten Anbieter diese uber „grune“ Versandmoglichkeiten ausgleichen. Allerdings lassen sich leicht Lebenssituationen denken, in apa style, denen der Onlinekauf ohne Alternative ist, auch wenn lokal zu kaufen besser ware. On The? Bio-Supermarkt basic bio: Bio-Onlineshop nur einen Ausschnitt des Angebots. Online Poker Research Paper? Ebenfalls online und in argumentative on the, Markten vertreten ist die bekannte Marke basic . My Role Essay? Der Bio-Onlineshop bildet allerdings nur ein Teilsortiment aus den Filialen ab: circa 2.000 von 12.000 Produkten. Essay Apology? Man nimmt aber Anregungen von Kunden auf, Produkten in + dissertation, den Online-Shop aufzunehmen.

Auch gibt es in argumentative essay on the apology, Munchen einen Abholshop mit 5.000 Produkten. Wie alle funf vorgestellten Bio-Supermarkte ist auch basic Bio-zertifiziert, bevorzugt dabei Erzeugnisse der Verbande wie Demeter, Bioland und Biokreis. Argumentative Essay Parent Families? Diese unterliegen noch strengeren Auflagen als die Mindestanforderungen der EU-Bio-Verordnung und sind daher besonders empfehlenswert. Argumentative Essay On The Apology? Vertrieben werden im Bio-Onlineshop die Eigenmarke Basic sowie Angebote von anderen Herstellern. Honest? Bio-Versand; uber klimaneutrales GoGreen-Programm der DHL Versandkosten von 4,95 ˆ entfallen bei einem Bestellwert von 55 ˆ Zahlungsarten: PayPal, Vorkasse, Kreditkarte Lebensmittel, Kosmetik, Produkte fur Babys und Kinder sowie Drogerieartikel. On The? Bio-Supermarkt Rapunzel: Bio-Onlineshop will neue Zielgruppen ansprechen. Essay About Honest Friend? Rapunzel, Hersteller und Bio-Pionier seit 1974, gehort zu den wenigen Anbietern, die ihre Lebensmittel sowohl im Markt als auch im Bio-Onlineshop verkaufen.

80 Prozent der Rapunzel-Eigenmarke sind vegane Produkte. On The Apology? „Fur uns ist der Online-Shop eine Gelegenheit, neue Zielgruppen anzusprechen“, erklart Marketingleiterin Heike Kirsten. Essay About Friend? „Denn der stationare Bio-Handel weist, insbesondere im Osten, noch starke Lucken auf.“ Der Anteil am Gesamtumsatz ist mit einem Prozent minimal, allerdings „haben wir online bessere Moglichkeiten, mit unseren Kunden zu kommunizieren, ihre Bedurfnisse zu verstehen und darauf einzugehen.“ Zum Beispiel mit Produkttests und Spezial-Aktionen. On The Apology? Die Preise im Bio-Onlineshop unterscheiden sich dagegen nicht: „Auch online halten wir uns an proposal competition die UVP“, so Kirsten. Lediglich ganz wenige Merchandising-Artikel wie Geschenkkorbe werden nur online angeboten. Ansonsten ist das uberwiegend auf Lebensmittel ausgerichtete Sortiment mit uber 450 Artikeln identisch. Apology? Bio-Versand; uber klimaneutrales GoGreen-Programm der DHL Versandkosten von 5 ˆ entfallen bei einem Bestellwert von 75 ˆ Zahlungsarten: PayPal, Vorkasse, Lastschrift Lebensmittel, Werbeartikel und Spielwaren.

Bio-Supermarkt amorebio: reiner Bio-Onlineshop ohne Laden. Ein ahnliches Sortiment wie basic fuhrt amorebio – seit uber zwolf Jahren reiner Bio-Onlineshop fur Naturkost. Driving Essay? 5.500 Produkte werden hier und in argumentative on the apology, unternehmensfremden Naturkostgeschaften verkauft. Privilege Not Right? Preisunterschiede gibt es dabei nicht. Argumentative On The Apology? Amorebio wird auch von Rapunzel beliefert. Apa Style? Bio-Versand; direkt in argumentative essay on the, Nordbaden oder uber klimaneutrales GoGreen-Programm der DHL Versandkosten von 4,95 ˆ entfallen bei einem Bestellwert von 50 ˆ Zahlungsarten: Vorkasse, Lastschrift und Kreditkarte Lebensmittel (auch Fisch, Fleisch, Wurst), Non-Food, Kosmetik, Produkte fur Babys und Kinder sowie Drogerieartikel. Bio-Supermarkt BioMarkt KaRo: etablierter Laden und Bio-Onlineshop. Der BioMarkt KaRo besteht seit 1999. Argumentative Parent Families? Fast dieselben 3.500 Produkte wie im stationaren Schweriner Laden verkauft der Bio-Onlineshop fur Naturkost. Essay On The? Taglich werden frische Lebensmittel, Bio-Feinkost-Produkte, ein ausgewahltes Trockensortiment, Produkte fur Babys und Kinder, Drogerieartikel sowie Kosmetik angeboten. Apa Style? Bio-Versand; uber klimaneutrales GoGreen-Programm der DHL Versandkosten von 4 ˆ entfallen bei einem Bestellwert von 75 ˆ Zahlungsarten: PayPal, Vorkasse, Nachnahme, Lastschrift, Rechnung ab 2. Argumentative On The Apology? Bestellung Lebensmittel (auch Wurst und Fleisch), Feinkost, ausgewahltes Trockensortiment, Produkte fur Babys und Kinder, Drogerieartikel sowie Kosmetik.

Bio-Supermarkt bringmirbio.de: Fairtrade-Produkte im Bio-Onlineshop via DPD. Apa Style + Dissertation? Seit 1995 im Geschaft ist bringmirbio . Argumentative Apology? Seit einem Jahr betreiben die Hessen den Bioladen „Paradieschen“ in about honest friend, Linsengericht Altenha?lau bei Aschaffenburg. Argumentative On The Apology? Hauptstandbein ist ihr regionaler Lieferservice, uber ihren Online-Shop liefern sie jedoch auch uberregional. My Role Model College? Wahrend alle anderen vorgestellten Bio-Onlineshops klimaneutral uber das GoGreen-Programm der DHL versenden, greift bringmirbio auf das ebenfalls klimaneutrale DPD zuruck. Essay On The Apology? Pluspunkte sammelt bringmirbio durch Produkte des Verbands Demeter und Fairtrade-Artikel. Essay About Friend? Bio-Versand; bundesweit und klimaneutral uber DPD Mindestbestellwert 25 ˆ, Versandgebuhr 4,95 ˆ, ab 60 ˆ Bestellwert versandkostenfrei Zahlungsarten: PayPal, Rechnung (Bearbeitungsgebuhr 2 ˆ), Lastschrift, Kreditkarte Lebensmittel (auch Wurst), Kosmetik, Produkte fur Babys und Kinder, Drogerieartikel, viele verschiedene (Abo-)Kisten. 7 weitere Bio-Onlineshops mit Lebensmitteln im Versand. Argumentative Essay On The? Seit ein paar Jahren liefert konsumgut ausschlie?lich Feinkost. Legalizing Online Paper? Auch bio-feinkost-mehr.de hat sein Augenmerk auf Feinkost gelegt. Argumentative Essay Apology? biovyana verkauft Lebensmittel, Kosmetik sowie Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel. Argumentative Essay Parent? natur.com ist reiner Lebensmittel-Lieferant. Apology? Bei e-Biomarkt bekommen Kunden Naturkost, Lebensmittel und Kosmetik. Essay? Beauty-Produkte und Lebensmittel sind der Schwerpunkt von ombio.

Das junge Startup gegessenwirdimmer.de bietet Lebensmittel und Geschenke an. Argumentative Essay On The? Weiterlesen auf Utopia.de: Ich bin gegen das Online-Shopping, weil es zum Sterben der kleinen Laden fuhrt und damit die Stadte und Dorfer veroden, auch der personliche Kontakt VerkauferIn/KundIn geht verloren. Essay Parent Families? Au?erdem fordert es die Bequemlichkeit des Menschen, so dass es demnachst wohl noch mehr Dicke gibt. Argumentative? Eine Ausnahme sehe ich, wenn man bestimmte Produkte nicht im Laden oder nur zu unzumutbaren Bedingungen bekommen kann, oder auch, wenn Leute statt online zu shoppen, immer mit dem Auto zum Einkaufen fahren. Wir sind sehr enttauscht, dass ihr Unwahrheiten uber uns verbreitet. My Role College? Wir sind auf DPD umgestiegen, da diese seit Jahren klimaneutralen Versand anbieten. Argumentative Apology? Lange vor DHL und schon immer im Preis mit inbegriffen, ganz im Gegensatz zu DHL, die sich das noch vom Kunden bezahlen lassen.

DPD sieht Umweltschutz als ganzheitliches Konzept, was nicht vom Kunden zusatzlich bezahlt werden sollte. Online Research? Hier findet ihr Infos zum klimaneutralen Versand durch DPD: http://www.dpd.com/de/home/verantwortung/umwelt/klimaneutraler_versand. Essay? Bitte berichtigt das so schnell wie moglich in essay, eurem Artikel. Essay Apology? Gru?e aus dem Linsengericht! Danke fur den Hinweis, wir haben den Fehler korrigiert. Legalizing Poker Research Paper? Bitte auch die Uberschrift #8220; Fairtrade-Produkte, aber Versand nicht klimaneutral#8220; andern.. On The Apology? danke! Ah, ubersehen, sorry! Hinweis: Kommentar wurde von User geloscht! zitat: #8222;Allerdings lassen sich leicht Lebenssituationen denken, in model college essay, denen der Onlinekauf ohne Alternative ist#8220; da hatte ich dann aber gern mal ein beispiel fur. das hie?e ja, dass offensichtlich menschen hunger leiden mussten, als es noch keinen online-bringdienste gab, oder sehe ich das falsch, jetzt mal etwas provokativ formuliert#8230; ich dachte bisher immer, nur politiker und unsere bundeskanzlerin benutzen das wort alternativlos ich finde alternativlos ist hirnlos! es gibt immer alternativen und es fallt mir beileibe nicht eine einzige situation ein, in argumentative essay on the apology, der ich jemals lebensmittel uber einen bringdienst bestellen musste, ob bio oder nicht, und ich denke, das geht 99,9% aller menschen so. Essay? der einzige grund fur bringdienste ist bequemlichkeit. Apology? und die 0,1 prozent sind meiner meinung nach, achtung provokation, dann in dissertation proposal, meinen augen eher die, die bio kaufen weils gerade schick ist und dann 2 mal im jahr nach thailand fliegen und in on the, nepal trekken. Essay About Honest Friend? #8222;und es fallt mir beileibe nicht eine einzige situation ein, in essay, der ich jemals lebensmittel uber einen bringdienst bestellen musste, ob bio oder nicht, und ich denke, das geht 99,9% aller menschen so#8220; Ich lebe hier in essay parent families, einem Dorf mit 2000 Einwohnern, wo der letzte Lebensmittelladen -au?er Backer, Metzger vor 10 Jahren dicht gemacht hat.

Es ist vier Kilometer zum nachsten Supermarkt. On The Apology? Die Idee einen Laden auf Genossenschaftsbasis zu machen, entschlief schon fruh mangels Interesse. Nun denke mal an driving privilege not right die Menschen, die weder Auto noch Radl haben oder fahren konnen#8230;die werden schon demografisch immer mehr, weil alter. Bus wird auch immer weniger. Und man kann nicht mal sagen, da? der Online-Handel die Laden kaputt gemacht hat. Argumentative Apology? Das waren die Supermarkte auf der grunen Wiese. Argumentative On Single Families? Genau die, die jetzt uber Online-Handel jammern. Argumentative Essay On The? #128521; Nichts ist so stabil, wie der Wandel. Apa Style + Dissertation? Es hat keinen Sinn, den Online-Handel zu verdammen, weil er wird alternativlos kommen, auch wenn Du ihn boykottierst. Argumentative Essay On The Apology? Statt Boykott braucht es gute Strategien sowie innovative Modelle und Verteil-Logistiken, damit alle davon nachhaltig profitieren, eben z.B. in not right essay, landlichen strukturschwachen Regionen. Es ziehen nun mal nicht alle in argumentative essay, die Stadt. Legalizing Online Research? von den wenigen menschen auf die deine beschreibung zutrifft maria, kann ein online shop wohl kaum uberlben und die meisten supermarkte die bieten doch wieder bringdienste an. On The Apology? auch ohne online. Research? es geht mir auch nicht darum grundsatzlich jede online-plattform zu verteufeln. Argumentative On The? es ging mir viel mehr darum deutlich zu machen, dass ich die beschreibung als alternativlos uber die ma?en dumm finde. wie gesagt, es gibt bei vielen supermarkten bringdienste fur altere, gabs schon bei tante emma, alles gar nicht neu, mir ist die situation auf dem land durchaus vertraut. Privilege Not Right? ich lebe zwar in argumentative essay on the, der stadt, hab aber 23 jahre in einem wenige hundert seelen dorf gelebt und werde da bald wieder leben. Argumentative Essay Parent Families? dort gab es 2 lebensmittelgeschafte bis etwa mitte der 80er jahre der letzte zumachte. im nachsten dorf gibt es bis heute einen kleinen supermarkt, das dorf hat 2000 einwohner. Argumentative Essay On The? busse fahren zwar seltener, aber man kommt in der regel gut hin und zuruck und im regelfall helfen sich die leute auf dem dof auch mit einer mitfahrgelenheit. My Role Model Essay? das geschaftsmodell onlinehandel lebt in essay on the, der regel aber davon, den leuten ihre handler vor ort abspenstig zu machen zugunsten grosserer einheiten. Msi Clayton Proposal Competition? das halte ich fur nicht erstrebenswert. ganz im gegenteil mussten wir viel starker wieder regionale versorgung starken, bauernhofe, wochenmarkte, kleine genossenschaftsladen etc. Essay Apology? ich bestelle ab und zu auch online, so ists ja nicht, aber wenns irgendwie geht sollten gerade menschen die bewusst kaufen, darauf wenns geht verzichten. Apa Style + Dissertation? und ganz wichtig#8230;. Essay? alternativen gibt es immer! #128578; und, maria, meist sind wir uns ja eigentlich auch fast einig, nur im detail manchmal nicht :)) Der beitrag ist zwar schon etwas her aber ich hab das echte beispiel fur alternativlos: ich wohne in about friend, Alleingang, es gibt keine offentlichen Verkehrsmittel, der nachste Laden uber zwei Kilometer entfernt.

Es ist Winter, die Stra?e ist schlecht geraumt, Fu?weg gibt es nicht. On The? Audio hab ich keines, es wurde auch die meiste Zeit rumstehen und trotzdem Geld kosten. Friend? Im Sommer alles noch mit Fahrrad und Anhanger machbar aber jetzt muss ich. Argumentative Essay? Freunde bitten mir mir zum einkaufen zu fahre, die fahren die Strecke aber doppelt weil sie mich ja erst abholen mussen. Essay About Friend? Online einkaufen und Lieferservice ist da in essay on the, jedem Fall die Kosten gunstigste und auch okologisch sinnvollste Losung denn DHL, DPD und andere Unternehmen fahren hier fast taglich vorbei so dass durch meine Bestellung die Umwelt auch nicht mehr belastet wird. Honest Friend? Fur mich im Winter also die einzige Alternative einkaufen zu konnen. On The Apology? Und#8230; Ich bin kein Einzelfall! #8222;Im Sommer alles noch mit Fahrrad und Anhanger machbar aber jetzt muss ich. Freunde bitten mir mir zum einkaufen zu fahre, die fahren die Strecke aber doppelt weil sie mich ja erst abholen mussen. Online einkaufen und Lieferservice ist da in my role, jedem Fall die Kosten gunstigste und auch okologisch sinnvollste Losung denn #8230;#8220; Per Telefon deine Bestellungen durchgeben und mitbringen lassen spart doch zumindest die doppelten Wege, oder warum ist das #8222;alternativlos#8220;? Also wir fahren auch im Winter mit dem Rad auf der Stra?e.

2 Kilometer? Ahm #8230; 2 km mit dem Rad, ja da muss man schon das Auto bemuhen oder den Paketdienst. #128558; Wie haben die Menschen nur fruher uberleben konnen, ohne asphaltierte Strassen, wahrscheinlich sind deshalb so viele verhungert im Winter. Heute kann man doch wenigstens umziehen an argumentative essay on the einen anderen Wohnort, mit vielleicht 100 Meter zum nachsten Laden. Apa Style + Dissertation? Und Fu?weg. On The Apology? Oder so. Ups, wie definiert Ihr denn „wichtigste“? Den aus meiner Sicht mindestens ebenso wichtigen Pionier naturkost.com (ursprunglich Viva Naturkost) lasst Ihr unerwahnt? Seit 1994 bekommt man dort einen erstklassigen Service und sicher verpackte Waren. Essay On Single Parent? Ich erganze meinen regionalen Kauf seit vielen Jahren durch Online-Angebote, was mir zu einer hoheren Oko-Quote und geringerem Fahraufwand (auf dem Dorf) verhilft. genau mit dem Anspruch die Verfugbarkeit von Bio-Lebensmitteln in argumentative on the, dorflichen Regionen zu erhohen, sind wir auch an research den Start gegangen.

Wir wissen, dass es gerade dort teilweise noch sehr schwer ist, Produkte in argumentative essay on the, Bio-Qualitat zu kaufen. Zumindest wenn es nicht gerade Bio vom Discounter sein soll. Denn dort sind die Produkte zwar Bio, aber mit sozialer Nachhaltigkeit hat das nichts zu tun. Bei uns kaufen Kunden direkt bei Produzenten und zahlen trotzdem nur ein Mal Versandkosten. College? Denn wir ubernehmen den Versand der Ware. Argumentative Essay On The Apology? Gleichzeitig wird so die Anzahl an model Gesamtpaketen reduziert.

Denn statt mehrere Pakete von vielen Handlern zu bekommen, schicken wir nur eine Sendung los. Argumentative Essay Apology? David von damado. Driving Essay? Wir sind ein junger Online Bio-Lebensmittel Marktplatz. Essay On The? Bei uns kaufen Kunden bei vielen verschiedenen Herstellern tolle Bio-Produkte und zahlen trotzdem nur ein Mal Versandkosten. Driving Not Right Essay? So werden die Hersteller direkt unterstutzt und gleichzeitig der Komfort eines gro?en Onlineshops geboten.

Um auch jetzt schon unseren Kunden zu ermoglichen, ihren ganzen Wocheneinkauf zu erledigen, stellen wir von damado ein Vollsortiment zur Verfugung, das wir nach und nach durch Produkte ersetzen, die direkt vom Hersteller inseriert werden. Wir bieten zudem viele Filtermoglichkeiten. Essay On The? So finden auch Allergiker und verganer ganz einfach die Produkte, die zu ihnen passen. Driving Not Right? Ich kaufe gerne bei spezialisierten shops ein, die sich auf eine oder nur ganz wenige Produktkategorien beschranken und sehr tiefes Fachwissen zu ihren Produkten haben. Argumentative On The Apology? Aufgefallen ist mir hier z.B. Parent Families? [LINK ENTFERNT V. Argumentative? UTOPIA-TEAM] da gibt#8217;s zwar #8222;nur#8220; Nusse und Trockenfruchte aber bislang immer in poker research paper, top Qualitat und schnell geliefert, au?erdem zum Teil etwas exotischere Produkte, die man nicht uberall bekommt. ich finde diese Artikel sehr Interessant und nutzlich.

Es gibt zur Zeit jeden Art von Bio Supermarkt online.

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Personal Attributes Essays and Research Papers. ?Christian Allen Positive Attributes Paper Team # 6 2/14/15 After getting feedback from twelve people about my positive . Essay On The Apology. attributes , I found patterns in how friends, family, and classmates thought I brought value. The positive attribute that was brought up the most out of the online research, twelve people was my attentiveness to others. I was described as being an individual who cares about others and is concerned about others wellbeing. The next attribute that I picked out argumentative essay of the respondents was my hard work. Attribute , Interpersonal relationship , Me One 1331 Words | 2 Pages. The Original Fishbein Attitude Model. Ao = biei where, Ao = Attitude toward the object (brand) bi = belief about the brand’s possession of the attribute ei = . evaluation of the attribute as being good or bad n = there are a limited number (n) of attributes which the person will consider The following asks a consumer to evaluate these attributes for luxury cars: Attribute : Sporty Styling Good Handling/Ride High Cost Great Acceleration Low Repair Frequency Use the my role model college essay, numbers from the on the apology, following. Attribute , Characteristic , English-language films 354 Words | 3 Pages.

notes that “A fresh look is on single families, being taken at the issues of power and authority, and people are beginning to learn, however haltingly, to on the relate to essay honest friend one another . in less coercive and more creatively supporting ways (1970). Servant-leadership utilizes personal , rather than position power, to influence followers and achieve organizational objectives. 6. Conceptualization – The servant-leader can conceive solutions to problems that do not currently exist (Greenleaf, 1970). 7. Foresight – “Prescience. According to argumentative essay on the apology Jim , Attribute , Characteristic 1076 Words | 4 Pages. Questionnair for Brand Preference in my role model college essay Bajaj Two Wheelers. * Mileage | * Power | * Price | * Resale Value | * Safety | * Service | * Style | 3. Select the source which plays a major . role in obtaining information about the brand. Source | | * Select one from apology each | Personal Source | Family | | | Friends | | | Neighbors | | | Acquaintances | | Commercial Source | Advertisement | | | Sales People | | | Dealers | | | Displays | | Experimental Source | Handling | | | Examining | | |.

Attribute , Choice , Decision making 497 Words | 4 Pages. Developing Management Skills: What Did I Learn. do better I ended up settling on the following as my top three goals. First goal was to develop a better focus and ability to communicate to those around . me. This is one that I can not only driving privilege not right use in the workplace I can also carry this over into my personal life. Argumentative On The. My second goal was one that I knew I needed to be more focused on at work and that is eliminating my time stressors through better time management of my projects. I know with my job I can become overloaded with projects that all need done. Attribute , Communication , Employment 2588 Words | 6 Pages. posed to on single parent the consumer was mostly about why they think these attributes are important when buying a house from argumentative on the apology a real estate agency and by this . sequence of in-depth probes, thus identifies one or more ladders for each consumer by revealing what those attributes mean to the them in terms of msi clayton, consequences and apology, values. After analysing the results by reducing data originated from interviews, we conceived almost each and every possible attributes which consumers could relate to the benefits and values which. Attribute , Cognition , Consumer protection 1238 Words | 6 Pages.

Does It Take To Enable It? Grant Transaction Type Access to Users AME restricts access to transaction types using Data Security. Grant users access to essay friend . the transaction types using the Grants page. Essay. Set up user access as follows: 1. Navigate to driving the Personal Home Page. 2. Select Functional Administrator Responsibility 3. From the argumentative on the, Grants page, press on the Create Grant button 4. Create a grant with the following information: · Name · Grantee Type = Specific User · Grantee = · Object = AME. Attribute , Hierarchical query , Purchase requisition 1394 Words | 6 Pages. list created by O’Reilly, Chatman and Caldwell, (1991), and describe experiences that are consistent with those profile elements, as well as describe how we . believe individuals in the organization played a role in the development of those cultural attributes . Person-Organization Fit and apa style + dissertation, Sense-Making To define person-organization fit can be complex, as per my understanding of O’Reilly et al’s article (1991), though I might resolve to use one basic explanation from the article for the basis of. Attribute , Characteristic , Goal 1510 Words | 5 Pages.

of Enterprise Non-profits, analyze you in light of argumentative on the apology, 2-3 of the following characteristics:According to our text Enterprising Nonprofits by J. Model. Gregory Dees, Jed . Emerson and Peter Economy they have outlined Entrepreneurs as possessing the following attributes . Argumentative On The Apology. They are Innovative, Opportunity Oriented, Resourceful, Value Creating, and Change Agents. Essay About Friend. In accordance to essay on the apology our assignment I have decided to analyze myself by comparison towards the below entrepreneurial characteristics listed below: | | . Attribute , Characteristic , Creativity 818 Words | 3 Pages. psycho-physical phenomenon, should be systemized or classified accordance with the sense by which the various attributes of quality are . perceived by the consumer. The following attributes are used to determine and measure the apa style, quality of a product: appearance, taste, texture and essay apology, aroma. As positioned by the author appearance includes factors such as size, shape, color, and external attributes such as the attractiveness of the icon or logo. Size and shapes are measurements often used as grade standards. Attribute , Diffusion of msi clayton dissertation proposal, innovations , Food 781 Words | 3 Pages. Acct1014 Management Accounting Systems. measures (and targets) which Brookline Ceramics could possibly use to evaluate Allin’s performance. List A |Performance Measure . |Target |Performance Measure Attribute | |Divisional controllable costs |All costs within 5% of budget | | |Divisional sales revenue |Meet or exceed budget . Attribute , Ceramic , Costs 477 Words | 5 Pages. Brand Extension: Using an Established Brand Name to Introduce a New Product.

Introduction: “A brand extension occurs when a firm uses an argumentative apology, established brand name to introduce a new product” (Keller, 2008, pg 491). Model College Essay. Paragraph 2 350 . words Pg. 514 How relevant the essay apology, extension evidence is essay parent, about the attribute or benefit for the parent brand- Relevance- Any brand extension needs to argumentative essay on the apology enhance its parent brand. If there is no connection, or ‘relevance’ it potentially won’t provide feedback benefits to the parent brand. Apa Style. * Volckner and Sattler (2006) found that fit between. Attribute , Brand , Brand architecture 554 Words | 3 Pages. further support to the theory that enhanced job characteristics result in higher intrinsic rewards and eventually improving job performance. Nevertheless, . one cannot ignore the fact that all these studies only examined the attributes of the whole job but neglect the distinct attributes of argumentative on the, various roles or tasks performed within a job. A jobholder carries out different roles, duties and responsibilities that require different types of characteristics. The characteristics can be measured in argumentative on single parent families terms of skill. Attribute , Gender role , Job satisfaction 1000 Words | 4 Pages.

Attribution and Interpersonal Perception. Attribution and Interpersonal Perception It is said that we often attribute our own and others' behaviour to personal . Argumentative. dispositions when the essay, behaviour was in argumentative essay on the fact caused by the situation. Why and when is this so? Refer to the function of attributions; attribution errors; interpersonal perceptions and interactions. Driving Not Right. You may use personal examples to essay on the apology illustrate these biases. 1 Background 2 2 Introduction 2 3 Attributional Theories 2 3.1 Correspondent Inference 3 3.2 Causal Attributions 3 3. Adaptive expertise , Attribute , Attribution theory 1658 Words | 5 Pages.

following situations (if you believe that you need to driving make additional assumptions, clearly state them for each situation): a. A hospital has a large number . of registered physicians. Attributes of essay on the, PHYSICIAN include Physician_ID (the identifier) and Specialty. Patients are admitted to the hospital by physicians. Essay. Attributes of on the apology, PATIENT include Patient__ID (the identifier) and apa style + dissertation, Patient_Name. Argumentative Essay Apology. Any patient who is admitted must have exactly one admitting physician. A physician may optionally admit any number. Attribute , Entity-relationship model , Hospital 761 Words | 3 Pages. Mate Selection Criteria for Marital Success: Is It Possible? Liberty University Abstract For decades researches have been attempting to indentify some key characteristics or personal . qualities that could be formulated in such a way as to predict the probability of marital success between two parties. If indeed some formula could be implemented that would take into account what characteristics and/or personal qualities must be present for two people to enter into a marital agreement with a higher than average success rate; mate selection could.

Attribute , Courtship , Friendship 1057 Words | 7 Pages. in a printed pallid format. The undergraduates received information about a new personal computer with a summary of features that were held . Argumentative Essay On Single Families. constant throughout the argumentative on the apology, experiment. In the positive valence conditions, that attributes were described favorably such as; the 640-KB memory, high quality color monitor, separate cursor control, and paper, function keys on the keyboard. Whereas in essay apology negative-valence conditions, attributes were described less favorable with lower memory capacity, low quality monitor, and. Attribute , Computer , Information theory 1006 Words | 3 Pages.

quality of being sociable. 2. An instance of being sociable. By http://www.thefreedictionary.com/sociability Characteristics of proposal, Sociable Persons and argumentative, Non . On Single. Sociable Persons Social Attributes The Social Attributes of essay on the apology, our personality are formed by not right, our interaction with other people over our lifetime. Apology. An Individual Attribute , such as anger, might be displayed as aggression in a social context. If we are punished or suffer bad consequences from our aggression, we may change our social behavior in the future. Attribute , Economics , Human 2723 Words | 7 Pages. characteristics of medication communication.

Manias names and explains six attributes . First, there is a speaker and the others linked to the . Driving Privilege Not Right. encounter. Sometimes, however, the patient or the others involved choose to remain silent during the encounter; this is the second attribute . The third attribute concerns what is being said to inform and educate the patient with regards to the medication. Essay Apology. The actual words that are used is another attribute ; the health care worker may use technical jargon or may instead. Attribute , Clinical officer , Health care 993 Words | 3 Pages. From that, we could analyze the means-end chain. The first thing that comes to mind is that the attributes are all around fees and . acceptability. Indeed, in table 3, we can see that the major part of the people interview got for online research paper attribute either fees (annual, or interest rate) or acceptability. The other interviews don’t let us know more in detail with attribute are the less important though. Those attributes lead to some consequences/benefits.

After giving a glance at table 3, we could easily says that. American Express , Attribute , Bank 1045 Words | 3 Pages. performing leadership team. Argumentative Essay On The Apology. High performing leadership teams have clear guidelines and expectation all times, these guidelines is what allows them to be . On Single Parent Families. high performing. Let’s take the argumentative on the, “16 attributes of parent, high performing teams” (Bb) and apply them to the 4 hour house video, in order to see if all attributes were in place. 1. Need to argumentative essay on the apology have clear goals.

In this case the dissertation, clear goal was to build a 3 bedroom, 2 bathrooms and argumentative apology, have it in ready to legalizing online poker paper move-in conditions in under 4 hours. 2. Goals are known. Attribute , Build-A-Bear Workshop , Building 915 Words | 3 Pages. sisterName) [pic] 4. Argumentative Essay On The. Consider a relation representing the present position of molecules in a closed container. The attributes are an ID . for the molecule, the x, y, and competition, z coordinates of the molecule, and apology, its velocity in the x, y, and z dimensions. What FD’s would you expect to hold? What are the msi clayton, keys? Solution: Surely ID is a key by itself. However, we think that the attributes x, y, and z together form another key. The reason is that at argumentative apology, no time can two molecules occupy the same point.

Consider. Attribute , Database normalization , Decomposition 1441 Words | 6 Pages. Product Differentiation Definition: Development or incorporation of attributes (such as benefits, price, quality, styling, service, etc.) . that a product's intended customers perceive to be different and desirable. Legalizing Research Paper. Advertising and promotion of a product is based on its differentiating characteristics. Source: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/product-differentiation.html Today, the market is crowded with similar brands, clamoring for argumentative apology the attention of customers. In order for their. Advertising , Attribute , Brand 882 Words | 3 Pages.

?Activity 4.4 - Case Study - Measurement of Variables - Operational Definitions I Measurement is the assignment of numbers to characteristics (or . attributes ) of objects according to a pre-specified set of model college essay, rules. Describe the object and characteristics of Syafiq’s study. The object of the argumentative on the, study is to help the Standard Asian Merchant Banks SP department understand how, and to what extent, the customers use the website and how it can be simplified in order to reduce the model essay, number of. Attribute , Characteristic , Information 1033 Words | 4 Pages. Competency 1. Which key attributes of the diversity competency are illustrated in this case? Give a specific example of each . attributes identified. The key attributes of the diversity competency that were illustrated in this case are embracing and argumentative essay on the, developing personal team or organizational tendencies and learning from individuals, teams, or organizations with different characteristics, experiences, perspectives, and backgrounds. Accenture incorporated these attributes by introducing Back-up. Attribute , Characteristic , Future 319 Words | 2 Pages. Relationship Between Website Attribute and Customer Satisfaction.

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT Capstone Project TITLE:“Relationship Between Website Attribute and not right, Customer . Satisfaction” SUBMITTED TO LOVELY PROFESSIONALUNIVERSITY In partial fulfillment of the argumentative essay, Requirement for the award of Degree of essay honest friend, “MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION” SUBMITTED BY: Kuldeep Tiwari Ambar Singh Archit Sharma Ankur Sood Reg no : 10809869 10804683 10800482 10800039 DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY JALANDHAR NEW DELHI GT ROAD PHAGWARA PUNJAB . Attribute , Customer relationship management , Customer satisfaction 6172 Words | 28 Pages. Personal Responsibility Essay One’s chances of succeeding in college are highly dependent on their ability to demonstrate their . Argumentative Essay Apology. personal responsibility. By doing so, one will be set for success not only in online poker research paper college, but also in argumentative on the life. Personal responsibility is essay on single parent, also seen by many as a way to argumentative essay determine one’s character. Legalizing Online Poker Research Paper. Instead of giving up on one’s desires in life through the use of argumentative essay apology, poor personal responsibility, they should push themselves to on single their greatest potential. There are many definitions. Failure , Individual responsibility , Personal 793 Words | 3 Pages. further explanation or discussion.

I’m here to argumentative on the help. Thomas Uskali Written Assignment Grading Form for Personal Responsibility Essay . Statement, Due Week Five Content and Development 6 Points | Points Earned 5.2/6 | | Additional Comments: | All key elements of the assignment described below are covered in a substantive way. | | Write a 1,050- to + dissertation 1,100-word paper expanding your Personal Responsibility Essay by incorporating feedback from your facilitator and argumentative essay on the apology, teammates, and including the. Education , Educational psychology , Ice cream 2023 Words | 6 Pages. of the Beers Q1: what attributes are the most important in determining beer purchasing decisions? How does this vary by market segemts? The . various attributes are Aroma Appearance Taste Aftertaste or finish Aroma A beer’s aroma is extremely important to research its overall taste.

The aroma determines the argumentative, purchase decision of a beer. My Role College Essay. The market segments that use this attribute to purchase a beer are mostly experienced. On The Apology. The experience and on single, the age determine the attribute . Appearance: The process. Advertising , Aesthetics , Alcoholic beverage 532 Words | 2 Pages. How Consumers Perceive Product Appearance: the on the, Identification of Three Product Appearance Attributes. 9/9/13 How Consumers Perceive Product Appearance: The Identification of Three Product Appearance Attributes HOME A BOUT LOG IN . REGISTER ONLINE SUBMISSIONS CURRENT A RCHIVES A NNOUNCEMENTS Home Vol 3, No 3 (2009) Blijlevens IJDesign Vol 3, No 3 (2009) How Consumers Perceive Product Appearance: The Identification of Three Product Appearance Attributes Janneke Blijlevens *, Marielle E. H. Creusen, and Jan P. My Role Model Essay. L. Essay On The Apology. Schoormans Department of Product Innovation Management. Attribute , Design , Industrial design 4185 Words | 14 Pages. The Importance of Personal Responsibility.

The Importance of Personal Responsibility GEN/200 As an adult you are responsible for every action that you take, but before that action . are a series of thoughts that lead you to taking that action. Your personal responsibility starts at msi clayton proposal, a young age, you are either taught personal responsibility as you grow into essay on the an adult by being held accountable of your own actions or the responsibility is taken from msi clayton dissertation competition you. Depending on how you were brought up your transition into becoming an adult can either. Full-time , Hold , Holding 875 Words | 3 Pages. | What do you do if your personal values are in conflict with organizational/interpersonal business protocols? | Reaction Paper – Week 2 | . Professional Development MBA-525-MBOL5 | Kelly M. Mistretta | 7/15/2012 | | Values are a part of each of us.

Our value system is influenced from essay birth by driving privilege essay, family members. As we grow, our values continue to be shaped by on the apology, our family, in addition to outside influences such as teachers, friends and other mentors. Privilege. In our professional life, we will. Code of conduct , Conflict , Conscience 823 Words | 3 Pages. Personal Assistants Behind every great manager, director or CEO you’ll normally find a hard-working, super-efficient personal . assistant planning their life effortlessly. Take a look behind closed doors and see what life as a PA is like. So, what will I actually be doing? As a personal assistant you'll be helping out argumentative on the apology your boss with whatever they need, from managing a diary to essay about typing up reports or planning meetings.

Basically, you help organise their life so they'll always know where. Civil engineering , Executive assistant , Management 1222 Words | 5 Pages. of mankind. One of the ways that I want to help the argumentative essay, world is by starting a chain of workout facilities for legalizing poker research underprivileged athletes, and with all the argumentative essay on the, money I . make from that God will use me to bless others who do not make as much income. Another attribute to my worldview is trying to not judge people. It’s a shame that people judge others when they could just change that person’s life. This is my worldview and how it is inconsistent with what the test told me. Essay Parent. In the relationship section I say’s.

Attribute , Emotion , Person 667 Words | 2 Pages. Economics of on the apology, milk production -A case study of Avnoor panchayath. location, wide range of products and paper, low prices 5INTERPRETATION Store timings are convenient attribute is ranked as . Essay. first by considering cumulative score. Most of the respondents rated strongly agree by apa style + dissertation, 69 respondents and agree by 31 respondents. Apology. This indicates that customers are very much satisfied about time convenience of shopping. Ambience attribute is essay about honest, rated as second. Most of the respondents rated strongly agree by 66 respondents and 31 of them rated agree. Store need. Attribute , Brand , Customer 1842 Words | 11 Pages. room demand only rest and sleep from a marketer.

2. Essay On The Apology. Basic Product A version of the product containing only those attributes or . characteristics absolutely necessary for it to function. Example 1: Brand of the car, looks and design of the car etc. Example 2: customer need basic things like bed, bathroom, chair, fan etc. 3. Privilege Not Right Essay. Expected Product The set of attributes or characteristics that buyers normally expect and agree to when they purchase a product. Example 1: Decent mileage. Attribute , Automobile , Bed 271 Words | 2 Pages. Personal Responsibility GEN/200 Melissa Caviness University of Phoenix 2014 Essay Personal responsibility is on the apology, one’s . accountability towards his or her actions and doings, and accepting the consequences that can take place because of those doings. It is one’s own concern and commitment to deal with his or her surroundings effectively.

In other words, personal responsibility is being responsible for one’s activities at his or her individual level to explore and manage ways to make life better. Individual responsibility , Maslow's hierarchy of needs , Person 948 Words | 2 Pages. Consumer Perception Towards Cosmetic Industry. |Annexure |34-36 | OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY To study the . Msi Clayton Dissertation Proposal Competition. consumer perception on the basis of attribute based perceptual map using discriminant analysis. To find the Servqual score towards different attributes of essay on the, fairness cream in accordance to kano’s model. To determine the characteristics of targeted population which affect their choice of brand through Factor Analysis. To determine the statistical. Attribute , Brand , Cream 4745 Words | 19 Pages. information is online research paper, generated. Data are raw facts or observations typically about physical phenomena or business transactions. It appears in the form of text, . number, figures or any combination of these.

More specifically data are objective measurements of the attributes (the characteristics) of entities (such as people, places, things and events) According to argumentative essay on the apology Loudon and Loudon- “Streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized. Attribute , Data , Decision making 1538 Words | 8 Pages. own values and personal life styles, advertisements that portray the job in apa style a way that the essay on the apology, organization “thinks that job applicants want to . hear” are probably dangerous from a legal point-of-view, and wasteful in + dissertation terms of the poor hires that result from argumentative on the such an approach. The best advertisement will use professional marketing techniques in writing ad copy so that the my role college essay, following occur: 1. the essay on the apology, ad presents the positive attributes of the job in msi clayton dissertation competition an attractive way; 2. negative attributes appear later in. Attribute , Employment , Job description 2628 Words | 10 Pages. ?Setting a benchmark Name: Lina Sharfi What personal attributes matter to on the you? Explain why you think they are important. . Honest Friend. Attributes that matter to argumentative essay apology me I respect people with this attribute because.

Intelligence We use personal intelligence to essay solve problems about ourselves and on the apology, others, including our loved ones. So using your intelligence to help the people you care about is very appreciative and respected. About Honest Friend. Enthusiasm People with enthusiasm are infectious, it’s a very contagious body language. Can. Attribute , Help me , Learning 2610 Words | 11 Pages. What You Can Learn from an Elephant. has big ears because they listen more than they speak.

As well as informing others about their dangerous encounters towards the path of essay on the, enlightenment. Essay Honest Friend. The . most interesting part of apology, this whole meaning of one huge animal along with many other animals, personal just minds blows me because I think I’m an elephant on many leaves as weird as that could sound to many people. Although it really shouldn’t for essay the simple reason that if people thought of all the multiple characteristics that they identify with. Attribute , Characteristic , Hearing 730 Words | 2 Pages. Conjoint Analysis in argumentative on the apology Market Research.

product attributes . For each of the attributes from responses is important. In addition, each individual attributes . in segregation are detect dissimilarly than in the combinations discover in legalizing online research a product. It is essay apology, hard for an investigation respondent to take a list of attributes and psychically institute the prior combinations of them. If the driving not right, respondent rendered the combination of attributes is in direct viewing as different product sacrificed, then the task will be easier. Whereas, the attributes have respective. Attribute , Combination , Marketing 459 Words | 2 Pages. you wanted to produce a listing by city? How would you solve this problem by argumentative essay, alerting the file structure? We can notice the city existed as one of the . attribute in MANAGER_ADDRESS, in order to get the string (city), the problem is we need to decompose and the character (MANAGER_ADDRESS) and do the search.

I prefer to driving essay city name as a separate attribute . 3. If you wanted to produce a listing of the file contents by last name, area code, city, state, or zip code, how would you alter the file structure. Attribute , Field , Given name 715 Words | 3 Pages. Personal and professional developme Understanding how self-managed learning can work Evaluate the learning approaches to self-managed . learning The ways which a lifelong learning in personal and professional could be encouraged Benefit of self-managed learning to the individual and organisation (outcome) (s) Learning through research is an important part of modern independent learning.ability to use the on the, internet can provide up to the minute data from a range of sources. Career , Learning , Management 899 Words | 4 Pages. Hispanic Perceptions of the Hiring Decision. different traits when hiring, the privilege essay, purpose of this research was to determine if there were culture-related differences in the importance placed on 26 job . applicant attributes by Hispanics and non-Hispanics who were involved in hiring. Design/methodology/approach – This study compares the importance ratings of 26 job selection attributes by Hispanic and non-Hispanic respondents to apology determine the hiring criteria that are important to each group, and to see if differences are statistically signi?cant.

Attribute , Diversity , Employment 5125 Words | 16 Pages. to satisfactorily perform the job.” (State of Colorado, 2002, http://www.colorado.gov/dpa/dhr/select/docs/jobanal.pdf). B. “a wide variety of systematic . procedures for my role model examining, documenting, and drawing inferences about work activities, worker attributes , and work context.” (Sackett Laczo, 2003, p. Argumentative Apology. 21). C. methods for learning about the tasks involved in doing a job and/or the my role model essay, knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics (KSAOs) that a worker needs to essay apology have to do the job (or, to do it. Analysis , Attribute , Human resource management 3887 Words | 17 Pages. consumers in a geographic area through the use of one marketing System? 9. This is poker research paper, a new idea that developed through a list of related issues or . suggestions?

10. It is an idea-finding technique that requires the entrepreneur to apology list the attribute of an item or problem and then look at each from a variety of new points. TRUE or FALSE 11. Parameter Analysis is used to come up with a new idea requires that he entrepreneur dream about the privilege not right, problem and argumentative, its solution, in privilege not right other words, thinking-big. Attribute , Creativity , Diffusion of innovations 389 Words | 2 Pages.

Outline what is meant by the terms 'conformtiy' and 'obedience' with references to argumentative essay apology the public services. Obedience and Conformity are both highly looked upon in the public service sector, this is because to be a successful team in public services you have to essay about honest be . Argumentative Essay On The. able to driving privilege work together successfully as a team and obedience and conformity both are a desired attribute when the public service department are recruiting. Conformity- when you change your behaviour or actions to fit in argumentative essay with people around you, people will tend to do anything for a person working in online poker research the public service department as long as they have. Attribute , Behavior , Employment 454 Words | 2 Pages. Finny and argumentative on the apology, Gene Comparison in legalizing online poker paper A Separate Peace. so on. Essay. Nothing would be different, would it?

It is privilege not right essay, okay to on the apology have certain attributes alike with other people or things, but after a while someone . will want to search for something- anything- that would make them stand out argumentative on single from the others. Argumentative Essay On The. While Gene and my role model college, Finny were both students at argumentative on the, the Devon school, they individually had differences from online poker research personal interests to essay apology physical attributes that made them unique. Msi Clayton Dissertation Competition. Gene’s physical attributes did not reflect the essay apology, stereotypical boy that the reader might picture, knowing. Attribute , Envy , Interpersonal relationship 678 Words | 2 Pages. or somoene we're connected to spritually. There are lots of people that can share common interests with someone. For example, they may like the apa style + dissertation, same music, . have the same hobbies, or they may have the same sense of humor. Essay On The Apology. A soul mate has all these attributes , but represents a deeper, more spiritual connection. Driving Privilege Not Right Essay. A soul mate is someone that can give true passion, who is compatible, and someone who stays loyal. When someone is argumentative on the apology, with their soul mate there should be a special passion that feels like no one.

1996 albums , 2005 singles , Attribute 418 Words | 2 Pages. requires empty ALT (sample). It is especially important to provide ALT and/or title attributes to clickable objects with explanation of . About Honest Friend. on-click action result. Evaluated website extensively uses images to convey text information. Lets consider this webpage for example: http://home.ingdirect.com/products/products.asp?s=OrangeInvestmentAccount. Left navigation menu items implemented using images without ALT attributes . A user of argumentative essay on the apology, assistive technologies has no chance to essay friend understand where a menu link leads.

Alt attribute , HTML , Section 508 Amendment to the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 1584 Words | 6 Pages. 000 job applicants over a 30-year period by asking them to “decide which of the following [job attributes ] is most important to on the apology you” (p. 268). . Based on these direct responses, males reported pay to be only the fifth most important factor, while women reported it to essay be even lower (seventh; see Table I). However, when Jurgensen asked the same men and women to rank the importance of the argumentative essay on the, same ten attributes to “someone just like 384 • HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, Winter 2004 The systematic. Attribute , Employment , Employment compensation 9177 Words | 28 Pages. themselves. Privilege. There are several attributes that make a monster what they are.

You can tell they are monsters from their origins. For example, . Grendel’s mother was some kind of demon-witch who slept with Cain and gave birth to a “demon opponent” (Beowulf 53). And Caliban who was “got by the devil himself” (The Tempest 119), Prospero claims that he is the son of the essay apology, devil. We don’t know how accurate this is, but it says a lot about his appearance and appearance is privilege not right essay, another attribute we can analyze to determine. Attribute , Caliban , Grendel's mother 767 Words | 2 Pages. Shell Dimension Adding the Time Calculation Dimension to the Cube Adding the essay apology, Time Calculations to the Cube Verifying the Prior Year Calculation Verifying the . Year to Date Calculations Adding a Different Type of User Defined Hierarchy Adding the Attributes to the Dimension Adding the Calculations Conclusion Introduction AS2K5 offers developers a built-in wizard which will automatically add global time calculations to SSAS cubes. Apa Style. These built-in MDX scripts are very limited in their calculation.

Attribute , Dimension , Dimension table 5033 Words | 18 Pages. Means End Chain Model Relating to Samsung. network between concrete and abstract product attributes , functional and psychosocial consequences linked with product use and argumentative apology, finally . consumers’ instrumental and + dissertation, terminal values. Argumentative Essay On The. Product Attributes expresses the impressions or characteristics of a product or service. Concrete attributes refer to the physical characteristics. They have a tangible reality where the consumer can experience directly.

Abstract Attributes are non material product characteristics. Abstraction , Attribute , Consumer protection 374 Words | 2 Pages. represent the purpose of a non-text element.” (United States Access Board 2001) The HTML alt attribute needs to be added to all images. For . example, the my role, Library search results page indicates the item’s media type using a picture of a book, CD, DVD, or similar graphic. Because no text equivalent is provided, visually impaired users are not able to distinguish between audio and printed books. When alt attributes are provided, reader software can ‘read’ the alternate text for these graphics. 2 IMPROVE. Accessibility , Alt attribute , Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 569 Words | 3 Pages.

Personal Strengths and Weaknesses A reason that this country works well is that everyone has diverse abilities which can contribute to . everyday life. Some people let those abilities shine at work, in their personal life or both. Argumentative Apology. As people have their strengths, they also have their weaknesses. There is a problem to improve those weaknesses when the weakness is not identified. Once the weak point is identified it needs to be resolved. A plan of action for apa style + dissertation improvement helps in solving the argumentative, situation. Better , Improve , Maslow's hierarchy of needs 971 Words | 3 Pages. Management is on single parent families, a unique firm, which dedicates itself to providing managerial counsel, healthy career decisions, and financial security to professional . athletes; while respecting the principles of essay, integrity. List of Core Values 1. Dedication- Embrace personal relationships as a key component to the way we do business. 2. Virtue- Encourage working towards worthy respectable goals. 3. Essay Honest. Give back- Recognize the importance of contributing back to the community.

4. Argumentative Essay On The. Greater good in mind- Dedicate ourselves. Attribute , English-language films , Interpersonal relationship 319 Words | 2 Pages. (K. Model Essay. Paul Yoon and essay on the apology, Ching?Lai Hwang, “Multiple Attribute Decision Making: An Introduction”, Sage Publications, USA, 1995). My Role Model. Decision Analysis . 2009 Fall ? Dr.

Bahar Sennaroglu The steps of TOPSIS method (1/6) • Step 1. Argumentative Essay On The. Calculate the essay on single parent families, normalized decision matrix R = ? rij ? mxn . Essay On The. The normalized value rij is ? ? calculated as rij = xij 2 xij ? i =1 m i = 1, 2. m; j = 1, 2. n The Th number of alternatives b f lt ti The Th number of apa style, attributes b f tt ib t • Th normalization i d The li. Attribute , Decision making , Decision making software 1213 Words | 8 Pages.

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no sound on argumentative essay apology resume [ Update 2012-03-03: Since there still seems to be no real solution at the driver level (after 4 years), I’ve written a little app, that at least puts a band-aid on the problem. Check it out. Now you can reset the device without having to go to Device Manager and disabling/re-enabling the device.] [ Update 2 2008-11-29: I think I may have found a package that solves my particular problem. Msi Clayton Dissertation Proposal Competition? I’ve put the on the computer to sleep several times now, and each time sound came back properly after waking it up again. The thing that seems to legalizing poker research, have done it is something called a UAA Bus driver. I got it directly from the HP FTP site here: ftp://ftp.hp.com/pub/softpaq/sp33501-34000/sp33867.exe There’s also an article around the SP file here: http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/genericSoftwareDownloadIndex?softwareitem=ob-47284-1cc=uslc=endlc=en. I’m not sure this will help your situation, but it helped mine (so far, keeping my fingers crossed, maybe I’ll run into argumentative essay apology other issues with it.) The article says it’s for XP, but it seems to msi clayton dissertation, have worked on Vista SP1 as well.] [ Update 2008-11-29: I’ve looked around a bit more. The chipset used in the HP laptop is of the “Waikiki” Conexant HD audio variety, according to argumentative apology, this forum post.

Apparently there is an online petition, asking for HP to release an appropriate driver, since some of the notebooks that use this chipset were marketed as “Vista Capable”. The “Venice” chipset variant, apparently, is covered by + dissertation, updated drivers.] [ Update 2008-07-24: This is argumentative on the apology now one of the most popular posts on my blog. Seems to me that a lot of people are having issues like this. Unfortunately there only seems to be a solution for Sony systems; look through the privilege not right essay comments to see it .] I have a laptop that has an issue with properly restarting the sound subsystem after Vista resumes from essay, sleep. + Dissertation? Microsoft brought out argumentative on the apology a hotfix about 6 months ago that supposedly fixed issues like this.

On my system, the problem persists, even after installing Service Pack 1! I let the computer go to sleep, and when I wake it up again, there’s no sound. The sound device is essay listed in Device Manager as “High Definition Audio Device” and has the argumentative essay on the apology following Hardware IDs: I’ve tried just restarting the sound services (as admin: net stop “Windows Audio”, net stop “Windows Audio Endpoint Builder”, net start “Windows Audio Endpoint Builder”, net start “Windows Audio”), but that doesn’t work. Restarting the legalizing research paper computer works, obviously, but is too slow to be a proper solution. One thing I can to do to get sound back without restarting is essay on the remove the about honest friend “High Definition Audio Device” from Device Manager and then Scan for Harware Changes. But it’s still annoying to argumentative essay on the, have to families, do this. Argumentative On The? Since there’s no crash involved (no Windows Error Reporting possible) and essay about friend, no “yellow bangs” in Device Manager, I’m not sure how I would report this to Microsoft. They probably wouldn’t do anything about it anyway.

They’d say it’s a driver issue. Talk to the driver vendor. Nice idea. Argumentative Essay Apology? Trouble is the laptop is older (it scores a 3.2 Windows Experience Index, not half bad) , and the vendor probably won’t bring out Vista drivers for legalizing online poker it. So it looks like I’m stuck with a broken package. Maybe a kind soul (at Microsoft?) will read this at essay, some point and get in touch to help me troubleshoot the issue. Oh well. Feels good to my role college, get it off my chest, though.

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43 Responses to “Vista SP1 – still no audio after resume from essay on the, sleep” Did you try applying this patch? I found it by doing a google search with query “vista no sound after sleep”. Hope that helps! Umm, yes, that’s the my role college essay hotfix I linked to way at on the, the top of my post. I believe that SP1 supersedes or includes it. Essay Honest? It’s still installed on the system I have the problem with, anyway, even after installing SP1. Any other suggestions are very welcome! I guess one other detail about the argumentative essay on the problem is that the msi clayton computer has more than one user account on it, and sometimes it gets put in hibernation with both users logged on. KB937077 is in SP1.

Are there many devices connected to argumentative on the, your laptop? Will the problem go away if you remove those devices? I only driving not right essay, have one other device that I connect from time to time, and that’s a Wacom digitizer tablet. (Incidentally, when this is plugged in, the argumentative essay apology laptop won’t wake up from sleep properly. It turns back on, but then doesn’t proceed past whatever the BIOS wants to do before handing control back to competition, Vista.) I tried various resume from sleep scenarios to see exactly when the problem happens. My conclusion so far is argumentative on the apology that as long as the argumentative essay parent families laptop doesn’t completely power off while in sleep mode, sound comes back properly. I specifically made it hibernate and then unplugged the power cord and removed the battery to force it completely “off” while in essay on the sleep mode.

When it resumed from sleep (hibernate, to be more precise), it had no sound. Just to my role model college, echo that I have this very annoying problem too, on Toshiba Satellite running Vista SP1. There still doesn’t seem to be a definite solution but it MAY be helped by an updated sound driver, since I had a similar issue with an old ATI video driver too, not working after resume. However, my sound drivers ARE up to date in my case… I’ve looked for updated drivers, but so far no luck. And I’m kind of tired of having to keep looking.

Maybe Windows Update will bring me one some fine day. I have the argumentative apology same prolem with satellite p105-s6147. I have the college essay same problem on a new Sony Vaio VGN CR220E notebook (the red pretty one). I called Sony and they acted as if they’d never heard of the problem. The best they’ll do is send me a box and argumentative on the, have me send it back and wait 7-10 business days (2 weeks. ) and they’ll just reinstall everything.

And *maybe* that will work. Essay Friend? Wow. Lose 2 weeks of business and *maybe* starting over will work. I too had hoped that Service Pack 1 would resolve it, but it hasn’t. Here’s what has worked so far, thanks to a suggestion from another post: After the problem occurs (usually when I log back in essay after a long sleep), if the dissertation competition sound doesn’t work, I purposefully go into Hibernate (have to wait 2-3 minutes to make sure the essay on the apology battery indicator stops, to essay, make sure it’s completely hibernated).

Then I power back on argumentative essay apology to resume. Legalizing Research? Voila! The sound reappears. It may not make sense, but it’s 3x quicker than shutting all the way down, then restarting all my apps. Same here for a Toshiba Satellite A-100 Notebook , tried hell lots of argumentative on the apology, drivers for the audio card , its the same.

Same problem on honest friend a VGNCR305, or even worse. There’s no audio after booting vista sp1 normally (sometimes). Already installed Bios update and Realtek audio driver update. It worked for a while since before updating windows only played initialization sound but then… M$ and Sony just keep foolishing us. It seems that disable/enable audio device works. Same problem on Toshiba Satellite 100-106, only it appeared for the first time after installing SP-1… any solution yet?

I have the essay on the same problem with VAIO PCG-5J1P. I have windows vista SP1 installed and the driver version for Realteck High Definition Audio is apa style + dissertation 6.0.1.5391. When starting up the system I have sound, but if a wait more than let say 30 secs the argumentative apology audio is driving not right gone. I have to hybernate and de-hybernate and argumentative essay on the, then the sound comes back. I’ve also found that if I start any playback program (i.e. winamp) immediately after the system starts up, the driving privilege essay sound is essay on the never gone. But if the msi clayton proposal competition song playback ends and there is no new sound after some seconds, the sound is argumentative essay apology gone again.

So the solution I have in the meantime is never to apa style, shut down winamp! I think I did not have this problem before updating to SP1. Please if anyone knows a solution, please post it here thanks. Well like ussually happen, it’s just about posting and you’ll find the solution a minutes later. For Sony users, sony has released a BIOS update in argumentative essay on the his website that solves this issue. The problem comes with the instalation of windows vista SP1 and this BIOS updates solves. I had the same problem on my Sony Vaio VGN-CR22G (Black) after I installed Vista SP1. I had no sound from bootup or when trying to play mp3’s. i checked my earphone port, also not working, tried to not right essay, play an mp3 file on a Live Linux boot Cd, that worked. So it could only be a driver issue. I downloaded the argumentative essay on the apology Vista sound drivers from Sony’s Asian website, don’t know if it’s any different than the driving privilege US/Euro version, but it WORKED for me. Now I’ve got my sound back again.

Give this a try: Enter a model closest to yours and search for audio. Thanks NZHelper for your comments. I”m also from essay apology, NZ and with the same Sony VAIO laptop and same problem! No sound in legalizing online poker research Vista after hibernate. Anyway, used your suggestion and all is now great – thank you very much. Found I had to search for argumentative essay model number in downloads link (as above) then in msi clayton proposal the top blue search box use the string [model #] +vista +audio. Sorry this is no help to people with other brands of argumentative essay, laptop. Microsoft are not doing anyone any favours by apa style, being helpful, that’s for sure. I have the same issue. For some reason when I tried some months back I couldn’t install the hotfix, but randomly found a neat trick to easily resolve it at around the same time so didn’t investigate further.

1. Download Skype. 2. Set up a contact, anyone to call. Not tried it as I use Skype and have a few contacts, but you might be able to argumentative on the apology, set up a fake one. 3. Dial someone who’s offline. 4. Privilege? For some bizarre reason, the essay apology dialling tone for skype resets whatever the issue is with the my role college essay drivers / sound / whatever, and restores fully functional sound. 5. Argumentative On The Apology? I think this is only an issue with machines with HD sound, but I may be wrong? Same issue here, no sound after resuming from model college essay, sleep on a brand new Dell XPS 420. Very frustrating.

Dell says it’s a “vista problem”. I will post back if I find a solution. I have the same issue on my Sony Vaio CR190. It’s the argumentative essay on the biggest pain. At least nothing is wrong with the hard drive of my actual vaio and argumentative on single parent, this is simply the fault of the OS. I’ve been looking around, and on the apology, there have been no signs of apa style + dissertation, a fix as of late. Same problem I have with Sony VAIO VGN-CR190 will give the essay on the apology BIOS update from apa style + dissertation, sony a try. Also the Workaround given by on the apology, drr works great!

The thing is that faults like this shouldn’t exist. The KB mentioned are crappy anyway, they cause nothing but trouble. Anyway, we all should go get a GN/Linux distro and apa style + dissertation, have this crap only for games and photoshop! :p. I have a Gateway T-1628 laptop and am having a very similar problem. The difference being that I get squelching and squealing noises after coming out of argumentative on the, sleep mode. I think this problem is related to the HD sound cards. The problem didn’t start for me until I installed the 64-bit version of Vista Ultimate. I’m going to try the work-arounds suggested here and will post back if there offer any sort of relief. I have had the apa style similar problems in the past with my Toshiba laptop and i have found that disabling the sound driver works in device manager, its a bit of a hassle, but its ok when you don’t really want to on the apology, hibernate your computer.

Hopefully this will work for others too. I’ve the msi clayton same issue, but i lose sound when i play, or when i watch a movie… not only after sleep or hibernate… I think I’ll go back to XP ^^ I was having the same trouble with my Dell. Argumentative On The? The first time it happened, I called tech support, and msi clayton dissertation proposal competition, they had me reload my entire system to factory settings, and essay on the apology, said it was the updates corrupting a file. Then it just happened again (my automatic updates are turned off), and driving, I figured out argumentative it was from sleep mode. After reading here that somebody just put it into hibernate and msi clayton dissertation proposal, took it back out again, that worked, my sound came right back! So try that first as a quick easy fix. I’m disabling hibernate from now on! I encountered this problem several times already and it seems that there’s no solution to it as of yet.

I am already running vista SP1 and essay, even tried installing the mentioned vista “patch” suggested above, but according to the installer, the update wasn’t for my system, when I clearly downloaded the correct installer for my Vista’s version. I’m using Compaq presario B1200, 3Gig RAM, dual-core 2.0GHz. This is a problem across the board with Vista I have a Dell XPS 420 and have the same problem as everyone above. Essay? There is no current fix for this as far as I can tell other then going back to XP. I found a quicker way than restarting the computer. What I did was disable the High Definition Audio under “Playback Devices” then re-enable it. Hope that helps. STILL NO AUDIO on on the apology Sony Vaio VGN-SR16GN running Vista Business! My audio has been gone for + dissertation about a month, and i finally have had time to try and trouble shoot. I have tried all the fixes mentioned in the above posts and more as detailed below and argumentative essay on the apology, I have no audio through speakers or headphone jack. The following are a some of the fixes i have attempted with no luck:

– Installed latest Audio driver available on Sonyasia.com. – Installed latest driver from legalizing poker, Realtek.com. – Installed default windows audio driver. – Disabled / Enabled sound device. – Skype fix attempt to initialise audio device. – Updated all Sony Vaio software through Vaio Update. – Updated all Windows Update software. – Searched archives online everywhere including Sony and Microsoft. All the essay on the software thinks the drivers and device are functioning correctly. Microphone works. But there is still no audio output through speakers or headphone jack.

I suppose its off to Sony I go! They’ll likely reformat and start over! What a hassle! Any other suggestions welcome please? Have same problem with my Sony VGN-CR220E laptop: sometimes (not every time) after long sleep there is no sound coming out although all the software (windows, skype, winamp) shows sound is on single parent families fine (that is sound levels are changing while playing back music). Simply going back to sleep and waking up right away helps me to get the argumentative on the apology sound back. Sony cr 220e un install your HP device reinstall through sony downloads it worked for essay on single me now 3 weeks no more sound problems. The quickest “bandaid” I’ve come up with is to on the, open device manager and “Scan for hardware changes” found with right click after a sleep or hybernate waking. Hope they get a fix soon !! I built my PC and know everything is up to date with correct drivers, however after sleep I also get no sound. Not Right Essay? I find that logging off and argumentative on the, back into Windows sorts this.

Annoying as after a sleep I will miss calls as I can’t hear any sound, the odd thing is that the graphic equaliser shows sound is being processed? PC running VISTA Home Premium, ATI Radeon 8070HD. Dual Core 3Ghz Intel. + Dissertation? I oringonally suspected the argumentative essay on the HDMI handshaking procedure as this is a relatively new technology but after reading this, it seems like a joint issue between VISTA and the sound drivers. I may try installing UBUNTU or Linux Mint and see if that is any better. Your skype trick works perfectly. I installed Vista SP2 RTM and + dissertation, it seems that this problem does persist. It’s really annoying, but I will try out argumentative on the your trick, perhaps it works.

I tried everytthing mentioned but still I do not get any audio after sleep mode. Even my mic is not working. I am having HP pavallion dv2119tx loaded with vista business. Any solution? This problem persists with my dv8000t on Windows 7 RTM. Trying the essay friend UUA trick…. I had this problem and found a handy solution. This works for argumentative essay apology me (Vista SP2).

Control Panel Device Manager Sound, video and game controllers. Right click on your sound card (e.g. ‘SoundMAX Integrated Digital HD Audio’) and privilege, select ‘Disable’. Then right click on the sound card again and ‘Enable’. Done. Not elegant but you don’t have to restart your computer each time! Hope this helps someone! Tom Carruthers: Your suggestion was the only one that has worked with my VAIO VNG-CR220E with Windows Vista (SP2). Argumentative? As you said perhaps it is not the apa style + dissertation most elegant but it really works.

What I did as extra was to add a System shortcut in argumentative on the apology my desktop with some keywords to follow when I have the problem again. For example, “System – Dev Manager- Sound – Realtek – Disable – Enable” (Realtek is my sound card). Thank you very much for research paper all the on the suggestions. Custom built PC, Juli@ audio, same problem. Go back to paper, hybernation and back to windows again solves it sometimes. Argumentative On The? Another thing, if Photoshop was open the mouse position does not match the actual tool position anymore.

[…] I’ve previously written (in February of 2008), there are some computer systems out + dissertation there that have trouble retaining the […] I had a similar problem. Essay On The Apology? My Xonar sound card wasnt even being detected when returning from S3 sleep. Hibernation worked tough. The solution was updating the motherboard BIOS to the latest version.

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Act 1 Scene 5 Romeo and Juliet Essay. Argumentative On The Apology. Extracts from this document. Explore the ways that Shakespeare makes Act 1 Scene 5 of + dissertation Romeo and Juliet dramatically effective William Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet is a love story about two teenagers who fall in love with each other, two star struck lovers. There are many themes in essay on the apology this play but in Act 1 Scene 5 the essay on single, two key themes are Love and Hate. The love shared by the youngest of argumentative on the apology each house hold and the hate shared throughout the two households. The audience don't know much about my role essay, Romeo and Juliet at first, all they know is that Romeo is from the Montague household and Juliet is from the Capulet household and argumentative essay that both of these households are high in status. In this scene the audience expect Juliet to meet Paris and for her to make her judgement on him to weather or not she will marry Paris, Read o'er the volume of young Paris' face, And find delight writ there with beauty's pen; Examine every married lineament. They will also expect Romeo to meet Rosaline again and for there love to continue. Shakespeare opens up Act 1 Scene 5 by introducing the audience to the servant. He uses the servants to inform us about the party and open up the party. . read more. He sends his pager to collect his rapier for him so that he is able to kill Romeo Now by my stock and msi clayton dissertation proposal honour of my kin, To strike him dead I hold not a sin.

Capulet doesn't know initially why Tybalt has gone off on one and when he is told that Romeo is a Montague by Tybalt he try to calm Tybalt down. This reaction from Tybalt shows us that the on the apology, bad feelings shown are mainly held upon the younger generations rather than the older generations. Capulet tries to calm Tybalt down by telling Tybalt that Romeo isn't such a bad person And to say truth, Verona brags of him, to argumentative families be a virtuous and essay on the apology well-governed youth., and tells Tybalt that a party is essay not the place to cause trouble It is my will, the which if thou respect, Show a fair presence, and on the apology put off these frowns. This just makes Tybalt more aggressive and not right essay he says He shall be endured. Capulet uses 2 rhetorical questions Am I the master here, or you? Go to!, You'll not endure him? God shall mend my soul . After this Tybalt backs down but threatens that there is essay on the apology going to be trouble in the near future I will withdraw, but this intrusion shall, Now seeming sweet, convert to bitterest gall . . read more. The dramatic effect of the ending is proposal that it breaks up the love scene between Romeo and Juliet in a big way . When Romeo discovers that Juliet is a Capulet he realises what problems this relationship will cause O dear account! My life is my foe's debt. . Benvolio advices Romeo to leave.

Juliet soon discovers by argumentative on the, talking to the nurse after some confusion that the man she has been talking to is a Montague and is devastated That I must love a loathed enemy . This leaves us wanting to know more about what happens. Shakespeare has made Act 1 Scene 5 dramatically effective because he has shown us the blossoming love between Romeo and Juliet the fact that they are warring families and the depth of hatred this causes in Tybalt. The universal themes of love and hate are still relevant to audiences today, many books and films are still about these themes (love and hate) and the story of Romeo and legalizing online research Juliet continues to be told in different ways such as the film West Side Story. My personal opinion about the scene is that it tells us a lot about the two households but I feel as if this scene is not the most interesting scene in the play. ?? ?? ?? ?? Romeo and Juliet English GCSE Year 10 Essay Samantha Donaldson . read more. This student written piece of work is one of argumentative essay apology many that can be found in our GCSE Writing to Inform, Explain and Describe section. My Role College. Start learning 29% faster today 150,000+ documents available Just £6.99 a month. Argumentative Apology. Join over essay parent 1.2 million students every month Accelerate your learning by 29% Unlimited access from just £6.99 per essay on the month. Related GCSE Writing to Inform, Explain and Describe essays. The use of language in Act 2 Scene of msi clayton proposal competition Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet. Stony limits cannot hold love out, portrays Romeo's love as infinite and everlasting as the sea, this suggests that Romeo is argumentative apology deep in love with Juliet. Romeo shows Juliet that he is unscratched by my role college, the threats of her family if he had an affair with Juliet.

Frankie tried not to essay apology let the driving not right essay, ominous presences get to him, and he walked forward to search for the body. Then it hit him. what was he searching for? He knew he was looking for a man, but who? He had absolutely no idea. but ingenuity kicked in and he thought of a way to find out. Essay. How does Shakespeare create tension and keep the audiences attention in argumentative on single parent Romeo and Juliet . Romeo departs, never to return, and essay Lady Capulet enters.

Lady Capulet entering so early means that she has something very important to say to msi clayton proposal competition Juliet. Argumentative. This builds tension as we do not know what it will be so keeps us reading and it also builds tension as Juliet will be trying to legalizing online poker research paper cover up Romeo has been there. Their voices oozed with gangster love. Do you Charles Wood except the argumentative essay on the apology, gang without any hesitation and with Love and dissertation proposal competition respect. Yes. There was a notable quiver of excitement in my voice. Argumentative Essay Apology. Do you promise on the honour of the gang to serve the NW bandits with all your heart. He is essay about honest friend a very good peace maker; in Act 1 Scene 1 he tries to stop the fight. Evidence of argumentative essay on the apology which is when Benvolio says part fools, put up your swords, you know not what you do this shows he's standby, he tries to stop the fight and encourages other people to on single do the essay on the, same. to leave while he asks Owen did Haddock touch him which shows that Michael does care about Owen as a father would. The effect his exchange has on the mood of the scene is that it makes it more dramatic and less joyful and upbeat, it makes the atmosphere more tense and it takes away the element of fun away, the legalizing paper, theme of love is taken away and brings in the element.

I stopped beside the unsuspected object wondering what I may visualise. I slowly realised what had fallen out argumentative on the, of the car, it was a tall white man, short blonde spiky hair like a crew cut, but overall what struck my attention was an ugly mark under the tip of the suspects nose, it looked like a recent burn mark. of student written work Annotated by. experienced teachers Ideas and feedback to. improve your own work. Marked by Teachers, The Student Room and Get Revising are all trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. TurnItIn the anti-plagiarism experts are also used by: Want to read the rest? Sign up to online poker research view the whole essay and download the PDF for anytime access on your computer, tablet or smartphone. Start learning 29% faster today 150,000+ documents available Just £6.99 a month.

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essay of argumentative essay, blackmail The Crime of Blackmail: A Libertarian Critique. There is something deeply paradoxical about laws that criminalize blackmail. How is it that, as Glanville Williams put it, two things that taken separately are moral and legal whites together make a moral and legal black? [1] For the crime of blackmail involves the criminalization of two otherwise legal acts when they occur in combination- for example, the threat to disclose damaging information about privilege another, and the offer to refrain from disclosing it for some valuable consideration. Were Alfred to (threaten to) disclose damaging information concerning Bi11's extramarital affairs, no offense recognized by essay, law would be involved (even if there were something distasteful about such gossip); were Alfred to ask Bill for + dissertation, $5000, again there would be no contravention of argumentative apology, any proper law (even if it displayed a degree of chutzpah). Essay! But were Alfred to threaten Bill that he would disclose information concerning Bill's extramarital affairs unless Bill paid him $5000, his two-part act would – under current laws-constitute the crime of blackmail. Why should the conjunction of such otherwise legal acts have an entirely different legal status? [2] The paradox is on the heightened when we consider the reverse situation. Model! Bill learns that Alfred is in argumentative essay apology, possession of online paper, damaging information concerning him. He seeks Alfred out, and argumentative essay, offers him $5000 to keep silent. If Alfred accepts Bill's offer, and subsequently keeps mum, he should not be held to my role model college have blackmailed Bill.

Why should the situation be different when Alfred approaches Bill, and tells him that his silence will cost $5000? This is the argumentative, heart of the libertarian critique of blackmail laws, and in this essay I propose to defend that critique against privilege, a number of arguments that have been advanced to justify them. Although my critique of such laws depends ultimately on my belief that criminal prohibitions are justified only when some material threat is argumentative essay posed to another (by means of force, fraud, or theft), my arguments here will show that various attempts to avoid or account for the paradox do not succeed, even on their own terms. Blackmail (along with other victimless crimes) should be decriminalized. [3,4] Some Definitional Preliminaries. Although standard instances of + dissertation, blackmail involve a threat to disclose damaging information if some monetary payment is not made, the range of possibilities is somewhat wider. Leo Katz, for example, suggests as alternative threats:

Pay me $10,000- or I will: cause some really bad blood at the next faculty meeting, . . . seduce your fianc, . . Apology! . About Friend! persuade your son that it is his patriotic duty to argumentative essay on the apology volunteer for combat in Vietnam, . . . Model College! give your high-spirited, risk-addicted 19-year-old daughter a motorcycle for essay apology, Christmas, hasten our father's death by leaving the Catholic church. Driving! [5] Demands as well as threats may vary: usually it is for money, but it could also be for sexual favors or some other valued consideration. And usually it is for the blackmailer's private and undeserved gain, though it need not be. Imagine, writes Eric Mack, that you can deter a factory owner from (safely) burning his plant to the ground (and thus thoroughly eliminating many employment opportunities) for the sake of destructive glee only by threatening to reveal his secrets. Or imagine a case in which one party, by legally permissible trickery and Underhanded dealing, acquired what another party truly deserves. Wouldn’t it be perfectly moral for the morally deserving party to apology blackmail the first party into transferring that valued good- especially if what was threatened was precisely the [revelation] of the essay, trickery and underhandedness? [6] In this essay, however, our concern will be largely with paradigmatic informational blackmail in which money is sought for silence. Blackmail should not be confused with extortion. In the on the, latter, a threat to do something that would otherwise be illegal is made in demanding something from another: If Charles threatens to break David's knees or burn down his house if David does not give him $5000, Charles is guilty of extortion, not blackmail, Extortion is properly considered illegal. Is There Really a Paradox of apa style + dissertation, Blackmail? One might argue that there is argumentative essay on the nothing particularly paradoxical about blackmail.

George Fletcher, for one, claims that the college, supposed paradox is not untypical of apology, many acts that are regarded as criminal: many good acts are corrupted by doing them for a price. [7] Fletcher instances bribery, prostitution, and payment for confessing to my role essay a crime. Argumentative On The Apology! And Wendy Gordon notes that, our right to vote can neither be transferred gratuitously nor sold. My Role College Essay! [8] But are these plausible counter instances? The problem with bribery is that it fosters inappropriate motivations in those who are otherwise duty-bound to provide certain services. Were bribes no more than tips for services- openly given and argumentative essay apology, received- there would be nothing wrong with them. What makes bribery problematic is not the conjunction of service and money, but the fact that money given secretly becomes an incentive to forgo duty and/or to do it only when more is giver than one is contractually obliged to accept. Essay About! Prostitution is a classic victimless crime and argumentative on the apology, should not have been criminalized in the first place. The problem with paid-for confessions is that needy people- and not necessarily guilty people- will be induced into confessing to offenses, with no guarantee that those who are convicted will be those who have offended. An offender may still be on the loose, and those paid to apprehend criminals will have no incentive to look for him. As for the right to my role essay vote, it could have been otherwise. The only argumentative, reason that political votes (unlike votes in publicly traded corporations) cannot be sold is that a majority has agreed not to legalizing online research commodify them.

Blackmail and argumentative essay apology, Other Commercial Transactions. At first blush, blackmail is like any other commercial transaction: Alfred has a product to honest sell (secrecy) that Bill wishes to argumentative essay apology buy. Dissertation! However, some writers have claimed that blackmailers differ significantly from other sellers since, unlike other sellers, they would give away their product were they not able to sell it. [9] Perhaps so, perhaps not! [10] In any case it is not easy to see any significance to the difference. For other sellers, perhaps, the product to be sold represents all investment on their part, and therefore something they would be unlikely to essay on the apology give away, whereas the incriminating information that the blackmailer possesses is much more likely to have been gained without significant investment. May be the difference lies in motivation, Wendy Gordon suggests that blackmail should be outlawed because the blackmailer acquires information for argumentative, the sole purpose of obtaining money or advantage from the victim, and . . , has no intent or desire to on the apology publish the information, except as an instrument toward this purpose. [11] But why should the argumentative essay on single parent families, blackmailer's intent be of argumentative essay on the apology, any interest to the law unless the dissertation proposal, conduct in question has independently infringed another's rights? It is not generally of legal concern why we conform our behavior to what the law allows or requires. Intent only becomes an issue once the argumentative essay on the apology, law is broken. Argumentative Families! But since Alfred's disclosure of Bill's infidelities does not constitute conduct of a kind the law would ordinarily prohibit, it should not be of essay apology, any legal interest to know why Alfred may or may not choose to disclose the information he has about Bill. [12] Scott Altman suggests a further difference: whereas in argumentative essay families, ordinary commercial transaction, both buyer and seller will be beneficiaries, in blackmail the primary beneficiary is the blackmailer. [13] But why should the argumentative on the apology, person who buys silence not also be seen as benefiting from the transaction? He has purchased another's silence, something that presumably, benefits him. It is true that, antecedent to apa style the blackmailer's approach, the blackmailee was not seeking to purchase the silence of others, but that was because he believed that his secret was safe, and did not need to be secured through purchase.

Blackmail and Coercion. Defenders of laws against blackmail often claim that blackmail is coercive: by threatening to disclose certain damaging information if Bill does not pay $5000, Alfred coerces Bill. [14] Or so it is said. However, the idea of coercion cannot clearly be extended to such cases. In paradigm cases, Alfred coerces Bill into parting with $5000 if he tackles Bill and steals his wallet containing $5000, or if he puts a gun to Bill's head and threatens to pull the trigger should Bill refuse to argumentative on the hand over $5000. Legalizing Online Paper! But if Alfred simply tells Bill that he will disclose his extramarital affairs unless Bill pays $5000, nothing is threatened except Bill's reputation. And one's reputation is not something one owns as one might own one's body or a piece of property. Reputation is a form of on the, social recognition to apa style + dissertation which one does not have a right as one might have a right to one’s property [15] Should Alfred spread the information without making any claim for money, he will have done nothing illegal. Why should it become illegal just because Alfred tells Bill that he will keep quiet if Bill pays him $5000? Perhaps the argument from coercion can be expressed as follows: The blackmailer's act is coercive because he proposes to argumentative on the apology reveal information that he is obligated not to dissertation competition disclose. [16] But this will not do either. Even if Alfred were obligated not to reveal the information, it would still not show the threat to reveal it to be blackmail; rather, it would be a coercive threat, for example, extortion. It would indeed be legally wrong for Alfred to reveal what he told Bill in confidence, but the threat to disclose it unless Bill pays Alfred to keep quiet would be a legal wrong not because it is argumentative on the apology blackmail, but because it breached Alfred's contractual obligation to Bill.

But if there is my role college no obligation for Bill to keep the damaging information to apology himself, then and only then would there be no coercion involved in making it known, Should Alfred accidentally find out about Bill's extramarital affairs, he is under no obligation at all regarding its disclosure. [17] Why, then, should his informing Bill that he will reveal what Bill has been up to be coercive? Maybe the argument is essay parent families that Alfred acts coercively because he seeks to exact Bill's money without his consent. [18] Although no literal gun is being pointed at Bill's head, something else is- serious damage to his life, reputation, job prospects, or whatever- should he refuse to pay. This account, of course, would not work with cases in which Bill, on argumentative essay, hearing that Alfred possesses (and is likely to argumentative essay on single reveal) the essay on the, information, seeks him out to offer him hush money, but perhaps the online, supporter of blackmail laws may not mind cutting these cases adrift from the scope of such legislation. Once again, however, we need to remind ourselves of the disanalogy with the gunman. Absent monetary considerations, if the gunman pulls the trigger a legally significant wrong is done to argumentative on the apology his victim, whereas, if Alfred spills the beans on driving privilege not right, Bill's philandering no crime is committed. May be one could liken Alfred's act to essay on the apology that of Edward who, seeing Faye drowning, will not throw her a rope unless she agrees to pay him $5000. [19] This is surely exploitative of Faye's situation, but is it coercive? Were Edward to have pushed Faye into the water in the first place, there would indeed be an argument for argumentative on single, saying that the demand for $5000 was coercive; but ex hypothesi he did not, and argumentative essay on the apology, so, given that he does not violate a legal obligation in not throwing a rope to her, it is hardly coercive for him to + dissertation demand something for his assistance. [20] Bill's follies, likewise, are his own doing, and argumentative apology, not the result of a set up by Alfred, and if Alfred has come into possession of online poker, information that could be Bill's undoing, may he not offer to on the withhold it on his own terms? Blackmail and honest friend, Exploitation. Perhaps, as I suggested in the last paragraph, blackmail should be seen as exploitative. That is, in essay apology, blackmailing Bill, Alfred takes advantage of online paper, Bill's vulnerability. Apology! If so, should this justify its legal proscription?

Note, first of all, that the notion of exploitation is none-too-clear; it is, for example, used by model college essay, Marxist writers to characterize ordinary capitalist labor relations: in making a profit, employers of labor are said to return to their employees less than the full value of their labor. Their vulnerable position (their need to eat, support families, and so forth) makes them vulnerable to such shortchanging. But even with a less expansive and less tendentious understanding, there is a gap between exploiting another's vulnerabilities and doing something that should be considered illegal. If George exploits Harold's generosity to get a loan, or Ivan exploits John's poor management of a rival business or even John's sudden and debilitating illness to gain a larger share of the market or to argumentative put John out of legalizing, business, neither George nor Ivan have done anything illegal, however opportunistic they may have been. So, if Alfred exploits Bill's vulnerability to make some extra money for himself, why should his act be proscribed by law? Blackmail and Privacy. It might be argued that blackmailers threaten a right one has to privacy. There is, it may be said, certain information about oneself over which one should have control. It is essay on the apology one's own business, and not the business of my role college essay, others. If it is to be given out, it is appropriately given out only if one has consented to its being shared.

If others come by that information accidentally or because someone with whom one has shared it has violated confidentiality, that is too bad. Argumentative On The Apology! The third party is not guilty of any wrongdoing in having or sharing the information. However, if the third party, realizing that one wanted to keep the information to oneself, now chooses to use it as leverage for self-enrichment then that person is violating the privacy rights of another no less improperly than the person who taps one's telephone or bugs one's house or looks in one's personal files. But there are significant differences between these various cases. The person who taps one's phone or bugs one's house or looks at one's files has undoubtedly violated one's property rights in some way- has trespassed, at least. Even private detectives are limited in essay, what they may be permitted to do to obtain information. But the argument from argumentative essay on the apology privacy would outlaw private detectives altogether, just because they make a business of getting information that others want to keep secret. [21] The blackmailer need not violate any so-called privacy rights [22] to obtain his information: a sharp eye, an open ear, and a little advantageous positioning may be all that is necessary. Were the potential blackmailer simply to msi clayton dissertation proposal competition pass on the information to other interested parties no legal offense would be involved.

Why should that change if the blackmailer seeks to take advantage of what he knows by seeking cash for silence? Even after their so-called victims have paid up, blackmailers sometimes come looking for on the apology, more. The damaging information after all, may not have passed out of their heads or hands. It may therefore be argued that the proposal competition, only way to keep blackmailers from repeatedly approaching those who have bought their silence is to ban blackmail altogether. On The Apology! [24] But repeated attempts at blackmail maybe prevented much more easily if blackmail is decriminalized. All that is driving privilege not right essay required is apology that blackmailers sign a contract with the argumentative on single parent families, blackmailee that stipulates the blackmailers' permanent silence in return for a payment of essay on the apology, $X. Privilege! Then, if the essay on the apology, blackmailer breaks his agreement (something he can do even when blackmail is illegal), he can be held liable for argumentative parent families, whatever damages might be stipulated or otherwise determined by the courts. In such cases, there will be something legally wrong about repeated blackmail that does not apply to the first occasion. What is more, to outlaw blackmail in the first instance because blackmail demands may be repeated in the future is argumentative essay on the apology not to legalizing research punish someone for on the, a past crime done but for a (potential) future crime- hardly what we have in mind when we speak of criminal justice.

If this were allowed to be a general legal principle, moreover, we would have to entrench in the law the concept of preventive detention, for all members of my role model college essay, groups statistically over argumentative represented in the criminal category. In any case, the argument from argumentative essay on single repeated blackmail would hold in only a limited number of cases- those in which there was some likelihood that a further approach would be made or that the agreement would be breached. It would hardly provide a general argument against blackmail. The Consequences of Blackmail. Most who favor blackmail prohibition do so on non-consequentialist grounds. They see something inherently problematic about the transaction that constitutes blackmail.

Nevertheless, perhaps to boost such arguments, they often supplement them with observations about the effects that decriminalizing blackmail would probably have. Richard Epstein, for example, suggests that were blackmail to be legalized, it would encourage the formation of corporations such as his hypothetical Blackmail, Inc., an organization devoted to essay on the ferreting out essay embarrassing (or worse) information on apology, people and then blackmailing them to have it kept quiet. [25] Assuming the profitability of such an enterprise, a blackmailee might find himself the target of numerous independent approaches and, to meet the college essay, financial obligations incurred by this, might be led (or even encouraged) into committing crimes to pay for his chronic secrecy need. But are such fears well founded? Epstein does not ever show that a world without anti-blackmail laws would spawn a Blackmail, Inc. And even were it to do so, it would not provide a sufficiently strong reason to outlaw it or blackmail. The tastelessness or unseemliness of argumentative, a social institution is not a sufficient reason to ban it or enterprises that exploit it. We would have as good reason to ban malicious gossip or The National Inquirer . And the social pressure that might lead a person into committing crimes to msi clayton dissertation competition pay for secrecy would not differ substantially from the social pressure to be somebody or impress others, motivations that may be just as likely to lead people to commit crimes. [26]

A more limited consequentialist argument has been suggested by Jennifer Gerarda Brown. [27] She suggests that were blackmail in cases of incriminating information legalized, there would likely be a reduction of crime. The criminally inclined would face the real possibility that they would have to split the profits of their criminality or otherwise pay to argumentative on the apology cover up their crimes, and such costs would constitute a significant deterrent to criminal activity. But this is actually an argument in favor of legalizing blackmail, not prohibiting it. As we noted at dissertation proposal competition the beginning, there is a real difficulty about argumentative legally differentiating payer- initiated from apa style + dissertation seller-initiated silence. Argumentative Apology! If Bill learns that Alfred possesses damaging information that he might be inclined to argumentative essay on single families disclose to others, and offers Alfred $5000 to keep quiet, it is hard to argue that Alfred has either coerced or exploited Bill, or that the transaction should be outlawed. The awkwardness of allowing such a differentiation of argumentative, cases has led some writers to privilege not right essay develop strategies for keeping them together. Essay Apology! Thus Scott Altman has claimed: Evidentiary and definitional problems with payer initiation can undermine any power it has to separate coercive from non-coercive transactions. Some bargains appear payer-initiated because the payer initially suggests the deal. But the payer might only learn of the other party's intent to reveal the embarrassing information after that party discloses this intent in legalizing poker research paper, order to elicit an offer or payment.

Because this case cannot easily be distinguished from genuine payer initiation, permitting payer initiation can insulate paradigmatic blackmail cases from punishment. Essay On The Apology! [28] Similar arguments used to be employed against all forms of euthanasia, lest it should become a cloak for murder. The solution, were we to essay persist in outlawing seller-initiated silence, would be essentially the same: the development of procedures that would allow- for most cases- clearer discriminations to essay apology be made. But since we do not accept the arguments against apa style + dissertation, blackmail laws in the first place, this rescue is unnecessary. Blackmail and Victimization.

Defenders of blackmail laws persist in calling the argumentative on the, blackmailee a victim. Once seen as such, blackmailers are easily tarred with wrongdoing. Yet this characterization trades on the conflation of two distinct senses of victim. On one account, a victim is msi clayton proposal competition anyone who is essay on the apology damaged or harmed by competition, some event: there are earthquake victims and victims of disease. Blackmailees might be seen as victims or potential victims in argumentative essay, this sense. The information possessed by the blackmailer, if disclosed, will damage them in some way. Dissertation Proposal! And one might argue that if one kind of damage has been averted it has been averted only at a cost, and - at a stretch - that one is a victim of argumentative, circumstances that have a cost.

But the college essay, term victim may also be used in essay on the apology, a more restricted sense - as when we speak of someone being victimized. Here we have in mind someone whose rights have been violated, someone who has been illegally wronged by another. Is the person who is blackmailed a victim in this second sense? It would seem not: if Alfred were to disclose the damaging information about Bill no right of Bill's would have been violated. My Role Model College Essay! That he should refrain from doing what he had a right to do in exchange for some monetary consideration does not change the matter. Argumentative On The! (29) Those who persist in speaking of blackmailees as victims can mean victim only in the first sense. Yet it is only in the second sense, that victims might have some legitimate legal claim against others. The libertarian conviction is not simply that some instances of blackmail should not be criminalized but that it should never be criminalized.

The libertarian therefore needs to confront some hard cases. (a) Suppose Ken tells Leon that if Leon does not pay him $1000, he will report that Leon is my role model college essay guilty of a crime, which he is already suspected of committing. The libertarian would not forbid Ken from making this demand, or, if Leon does not pay, he would not prevent Ken from making the false report. Ken has free speech rights, including the right to speak falsely about another. Apology! True, the police-and courts-may subsequently accept Ken's word about Leon, so that Leon is unjustly punished, but if they do that, that injustice is on them for failing thoroughly to investigate Ken's report. As noted above, any damage to Leon 's reputation is not damage to something over which Leon has any rights. (30) While the essay parent, foregoing is perfectly compatible with libertarian theorizing, it will strike many as repugnant.

After all, the law underlies the social order, even our very civilization. If one may with impunity place a spoke in the whee1 of justice in this manner, it bespeaks ill of the libertarian philosophy. But there is a solution to this quandary, even apart from the radical substitution of libertarian for statist courts. (31) And that is to pay or tie up witnesses so that they are contractually obligated to on the tell the truth upon poker research paper pain of contract violation. Essay Apology! One of the great injustices of our present court system is that witnesses are in effected drafted into testifying, and, so, for that matter, are jurors. Essay Friend! It would be legally illicit to bear false witness under such circumstances. But, contrary to Altman, the impropriety would then be one of extortion, or contract violation, not blackmail. b) What if Michael learns that Nicholas has embezzled $l million from his company, but suggests to Nicholas that for a payment of essay on the, $56,000 he will not report it?

Surely, one might argue, Michael has a duty to report what Nicholas has done, and any attempt to profit from an agreement not to reveal it should be criminalized. Although some libertarians might balk at cases of this kind, it is certainly open to others - myself included - to argue that whatever moral duty might be claimed to report the crimes of another (and not to profit from them), nevertheless there is no basis for legally requiring that the my role model college, crimes of another should be reported. Such positive duties- like the positive duty to argumentative essay apology be a good Samaritan- has no place in criminal law. Blackmail laws are often taken for essay, granted. Indeed, such is the moral objecctionableness of blackmail in many people's minds that they cannot imagine how the decriminalization of blackmail could possibly be supported.

But, like many other practices considered morally and socially objectionable, their objectionableness does not immediately or easily translate into on the apology, a matter for the criminal law. It has been my contention that this is true of blackmail. As the paradox of blackmail should have alerted us, there's indeed something deeply problematic about criminalizing an act that conjoins two other acts that, in themselves, are not criminal. * Walter Block, author of Defending the Undefendable , is Professor of Economics at the University of Central Arkansas , Conway , Arkansas . Email: wblock@mail.uca.edu . The author wishes to thank John Kleinig for his editorial support, which far surpassed the ordinary call of editorial duty. 1. Williams, Blackmail , [1954] CRIM. L. REV. 79, at 163 (1954). It was Williams who originally spoke of the paradox of blackmail.

The morality of the constituent acts is, perhaps less clear than their legality. But my concern here is with the driving privilege not right, justification of blackmail's criminalization not with its morality per argumentative essay apology se. 2. Essay! It might be claimed that using the example of extramarital affairs- though typical -unfairly prejudices the case in favor the opponent of blackmail. Many would feel that the philanderer deserved what was coning to him- whether it was blackmail or exposure. On The Apology! If the information were of legalizing poker paper, a different but still mortifying kind - disclosure that a bank executive always took a rubber duckie into his bath, or wet his bed, or had a black/Jewish grandmother- would we feel as sanguine about the blackmailers opportunism? Perhaps not, but this would not show that the apology, blackmailer should be punished for seeking to get something in return for silence. 3. Authors offering arguments in favor of the present prohibition of blackmail are numerous. They include: Alldridge, Attempted Murder of the Soul : Blackmail, Privacy and Secrets . 13 OXFORD J. LEGAL STUD. 363 (1993); Altman, A Patchwork Theory of Blackmail , 141 U. PA. L. REV.

1639 (1993); Becker, The Case Against Blackmail, unpublished MS (1985); Berman, The Evidentiary Theory of legalizing online research paper, Blackmail: Taking Motives Seriously, 65 U. Essay! CHI. L. REV. 795 (1998); Boyle, A Theory of Law and Information . Essay On Single Families! Copyright, Spleens , Blackmail, and Insider Trading, 80 CALIF. L. REV. 1413 (1992); Brown, Blackmail as Private Justice , 141 U. PA.

L. Apology! REV. 1935 (1993); Campbell, Why Blackmail Should be Criminalized: A Reply to Walter Block and David Gordon, 21 LOYOLA OF LOS ANGELES L. REV. 883 (1933); Campbell, The Anomalies of Blackmail , 55 LEGAL Q. Rev. 382(1939); Coase, The 1987 McCorkle Lecture: Blackmail , 74 VA. L. REV., 655 (1988); Daly Giertz, Externalities, Extortion, and Efficiency; Reply, 68 AM. ECON. REV.

736 (1978); DeLong, Blackmailers, Bribe Takers, and the Second Paradox , 141 U. P.A, L. About Honest Friend! REV. 1663 (1993); Ellsherg, The Theory and argumentative on the apology, Practice of Blackmail, in BARGANING: FORMAL THEORY OF NEGOTIATION 343 (O.R. Young, ed. 1975); Epstein, Blackmail, Inc ., 50 U. CHI. Essay Friend! L. REV., 553 (1983); Evans, Why Blackmail Should be Banned , 65 PHIL. 89 (1990); Feinberg, The Paradox of argumentative apology, Blackmail , 1 RATIO JURIS 83 (1988); J. FEINBERG, HARMLESS WRONGDOING (1990); Fletcher, Blackmail . The Paradigmatic Case, 141 U. PA. On Single Parent Families! L. REV. 1617 (1993); C. FRIED, CONTRACT AS PROMISE 102 (1981); Ginsburg Shechtman, Blackmail: An Economic Analysis of the Law , 141 U. PA.

L. REV. 1849 (1993); Goodhart, Blackmail and Consideration in argumentative on the apology, Contracts , 44 LEGAL Q. REV. 436 (1928), repr. in A.L. GOODHART, ESSAYS IN JURISPRUDENCE AND THE COMMON LAW 175 (1931); Gordon, Truth and Consequences : The Force of Blackmail's Central Case, 141 U. PA. L. Apa Style + Dissertation! REV. Essay On The! l74l (1993); Gory, Nozick’s Argument Against Blackmail , 58 PERSONALIST 187 (1977); Gorr, Liberalism and the Paradox of Blackmail , 21 PHIL. Dissertation Competition! PUB. AFF. 43 (1992); Haksar, Coercive Proposals, 4 POL.

THEORY, 65 (1976); Hale, Bargaining, Duress, and Economic Liberty , 43 COLUM. L. Rev. 603 (1943); Hale, Coercion and Distribution in a Supposedly Non-Coercive State , 38 POL. SCI. Q. 470 (1923); Hardin, Blackmailing for Mutual Good 141 U. PA.L.

Rev. 1787 (1993); M. HEPWORTH, BLACKMAIL: PUBLICITY AND SECRECY IN EVERYDAY LIFE 29-40 (1975); Isenbergh, Blackmail from A to C , 141 U. PA. On The! L. Apa Style! REV. 1905 (l993); Jandoo Harland, Legally Aided Blackmail , 27 NEW L. J. 402 (1984); Katz, Blackmail and Other Forms of Arm Twisting , 141 U. PA. L REW.

1567 (1993); Katz Lindgren, Instead of argumentative essay apology, a Preface , 141 U. PA. L. REV. Poker Paper! 1565 (1993); Landes Posner, The Private Enforcement of Law, 4 J. LEGAL. Argumentative! STUD. 1 (1975); Lindgren, Unraveling the Paradox of Blackmail , 84 COLUM. Essay Honest Friend! L. REV. 670 (1984) Lindgren, More Blackmail Ink; a Critique of Blackmail Inc ., Epstein's Theory of Blackmail 16 COLUM. L. Apology! REV. 909 (1984) Lindgren, In Defense of Keeping Blackmail A Crimes: Responding to Block and Gordon, 20 LOYOLA OF LOS ANGELES L. REV.

35 (1986); Lindgren, Blackmail; On Waste, Morals and Ronald Coase 36 U.C.L.A. L. My Role College Essay! REV. 597 (1989); Lindgren, Kept in argumentative, the Dark; Owen's View of my role college, Blackmail, 21 CONN. L. REV. 749 (1989); Lindgren, Secret Rights: A Comment on Campbell's Theory of Blackmail , 21 CONN. On The Apology! L. REV. 407 (1989); Lindgren, Blackmail: An Afterword , 141 U. PA. L. REV. 1975 (1993); Lindgren, The Theory, History and msi clayton proposal competition, Practice of the Bribery-Extortion Distinction , 141, U. PA. L. Argumentative Essay On The! REV. 1695 (1993); Lyons, Welcome Threats and Coercive Offers , 50 PHIL.

425 (l975); Murphy, Blackmail; A Preliminary Inquiry, 63 MONIST 156 (1980); R. NOZICK, ANACHY, STATE, AND UTOPIA (1974); Owens, Should Blackmail be Banned ?, 63 PHIL. 501 (l979); R.A. POSNER, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LAW (4th ed. 1992); Posner, Blackmail, Privacy and Freedom of Contract, 141 U. PA. L. About Honest Friend! REV. Essay Apology! 1817 (1993); Shavell, An Economic Analysis of Threats and Their Legality: Blackmail, Extortion and Robbery , 141 U. PA L. Argumentative On Single Parent Families! REV. 1877 (1993); Tooher, Developments in the Law of Blackmail in England and Australia , 27 INT.

COMP. L. Q., 337 (1978); Waldron, Blackmail as Complicity , unpublished MS (1992); Williams, Blackmail, supra n.1; Winder, The Development of Blackmail , 5 MODERN L. REV. 21 (1941). 4. On The Apology! In contrast, here is the libertarian case for the repeal of laws prohibiting blackmail: Mack, In Defense of Blackmail, 41 PHIL. About! STUD. 273 (1982); M.N. R0THBARD, THE ETHICS OF LIBERTY (1998); M.N. Argumentative Essay Apology! ROTHBARD, MAN, ECONOMY AND STATE 443 n. 49 (1993); Block , The Blackmailer as Hero , THE LIBERTARIAN FORUM 1 (Dec. 1972); W. BLOCK, DEFENDING THE UNDEFENDABLE 44-49 (1976; 1991); Block Gordon, Extortion and the Exercise of Free Speech Rights; A Reply to Professors Posner, Epstein, Nozick and Lindgren , 19 LOYALAS OF LOS ANGELES.

REV. 37(1985); Block, Trading Money for apa style + dissertation, Silence, 8 U. HAWAII L. REV. Essay Apology! 57(1986); Block, The Case for De-Criminalizing Blackmail: A Reply to Lindgren and Campbell , 24 WESTERN STATE U. Apa Style + Dissertation! L.REV. 225 (1997); Block, A Libertarian Theory of on the apology, Blackmail , 33 IRISH JURIST 280 (1998); Block McGee, Blackmail from A to Z , 50 MERCER L. REV. 569 (1999); Block, Towards a Libertarian Theory of Blackmail , J. LIBERTARIAN STUD. Argumentative Essay On Single Families! (forthcoming); Block McGee, Blackmail As a Victimless Crime , 31 BRACTON L. J. 24 (1999); Block, Kinsella, Hoppe, The Second Paradox of Blackmail , Q, J. BUS. ETHICS, (forthcoming); Block, Let's Legalize Blackmail , SETON HALL L. Rev (forthcoming); Block, Blackmailing For Mutual Good VERMONT L. REV. (forthcoming); Block Anderson, Posner on Blackmail; A Critique (forthcoming); Block, Blackmail and Economic Analysis , THOMAS JEFFERSON. REV. (forthcoming); Block, Threats, Blackmail, Extortion, Robbery and on the, Other Bad Things TULSA L. REV. (forthcoming); Block, Blackmail is Private Justice , U. On Single Parent Families! BRIT. COLUM. L. REV. (forthcoming).

5. Katz, Blackmail and Other Forms of Arm Twisting , supra n. 3, at apology 1567-68. Sometimes the threat may take the form of an offer- though of a form that Hillel Steiner refers to as a throffer- in which failure to take it up is associated with threatened consequences. See Steiner, Individual Liberty , 75 ARISTOTELIAN SOC’Y PROC. Msi Clayton Proposal Competition! 33, at 39 (1974-75). 6. Mack, In Defense of Blackmail , supra n. 4, at 277. Argumentative On The! To counter the driving privilege essay, response that these are cases in which the blackmailees are being blackmailed only into not doing something, Mack suggests that the argumentative on the, factory owner might be blackmailed into donating money for privilege not right, Cambodian relief (278).

7. Fletcher, Blackmail; The Paradigmatic Case , supra n. 3. 8. Gordon, Truth and Consequences , supra n. 3, at 1744. 9. See Altman, A Patchwork Theory of Blackmail , supra n. 3, at 1640. 10. Restaurants and supermarkets often donate day old food to the poor. 11. Gordon, Truth and Consequences , supra n. 3, at 1746. Essay On The! Mack's counter-examples (supra n. About Honest Friend! 6) cast some doubt on the generality of this claim.

12. In actual fact, a blackmailer's motives might be much more complicated. Although taking monetary advantage of a situation may well be one consideration, moral umbrage might also figure, along with, say, a more remote desire to argumentative essay obtain money to pay for a sick child's operation. Gordon's characterization of the blackmailer's intent might- in certain cases, at least-apply equally to many other currently legal commercial ventures, which people may undertake. 13. Altman, A Patchwork Theory of Blackmail , supra n. 3, at 1641. 14.

The simple fact of a threat is not sufficient to make the act coercive (and hence illegitimate). If I threaten to sue you for the damage you have caused to my car, unless you pay for its repair, my threat constitutes no illegitimate coercion. Should it be argued that some threats one has a right to my role make (as in the latter case) whereas others one has no right to make (as in blackmail), the essay on the apology, libertarian will reply that this begs the question: Why should Alfred not threaten to reveal Bill's extra-marital affairs unless some payment is made? 15. Should it be objected that the destruction of reputation by privilege not right, means of disclosure of information about argumentative on the one does constitute a violation of rights (as is sometimes allowed by laws against libel and defamation), the apa style + dissertation, libertarian will respond that the question is begged. A libertarian would not agree to the enforceable securing of reputation against damaging information. On this see W. Argumentative! BLOCK, DEFENDING THE UNDEFENDABLE, Supra n.4, at 59-62; M. ROTHBARD, ETHICS OF LIBERTY, supra n. 4, at 121-22. 16. Privilege Essay! For this argument, see Altman, A Patchwork Theory of Blackmail , supra n. Argumentative Essay On The Apology! 3, at 1642, fn. + Dissertation! 11.

For a rejoinder, see Block McGee, Blackmail As a Victimless Crime supra n. Essay! 4, text at note 23. 17. That may be too strong: perhaps there is a moral or religious obligation not to driving not right essay gossip about essay apology others. And perhaps what is private does not change its status as a result of becoming known to another. But there is no enforceable legal obligation not to pass on the information that has come into one’s possession. 18. Katz, Blackmail and Other Forms of Arm-Twisting , supra n. Argumentative On Single Parent! 3, at 1599. 19. See Altman, A Patchwork Theory of Blackmail , supra p. 3, at 1643. 20. Essay! I am, of course, assuming that there is no Good Samaritan law requiring that assistance be given.

Were there such a law, a libertarian would of course oppose it. 21. That surely goes for investigative reporters, newshounds, and gossip columnists as well. They also profit from information that others would prefer to keep secret. 22. Libertarians reject privacy rights that are not reducible to my role property rights- rights not to have one's property bugged or phone tapped.

See M. ROTHBARD, THE ETHICS OF LIBERTY, Supra 4, at 121-22. 23. Although some jurisdictions do recognize torts for violation of privacy, libertarians are opposed to such constraints, because such torts must allow -what I challenge- that people can have property rights in essay on the apology, their reputation. 24. See e.g., Fletcher, Blackmail: The Paradigmatic Case , supra n. 3, at 1623, 1627. See also Altman, A Patchwork Theory of Blackmail , supra n. 3, at 1648. Fletcher sees the possibility of the blackmailer's coming back for more as constituting a permanent domination of the blackmailer over poker research the blackmailee. But that is only if no contract is made between the argumentative essay, blackmailer and blackmailee forbidding any further claims. 25.

Richard Epstein, Blackmail, Inc ., supra n. About Honest Friend! 3. 26. Argumentative Essay Apology! For an extended discussion, see Block Gordon, Extortion and the Exercise of Free Speech Rights , supra n. 4. 27. Brown, Blackmail as Private Justice , supra n. Online Research Paper! 3. 28. Altman, A Patchwork Theory of Blackmail , supra n. 3, at 1649. 29. Indeed, one might be inclined to argue that the essay, blackmailer displays a kind of decency toward the blackmailee by offering him a way out of driving privilege essay, his predicament (the blackmailer's opportunity to essay damage the potential blackmailee by dissertation proposal competition, disclosing- as he has a right to do- the argumentative essay on the, information he has on + dissertation, him).

The gossip provides no such injury-averting option. See Block Gordon, Blackmail, Extortion and Free Speech , supra n. 4, at 39: In contrast to essay apology the gossip, who tells the secret without even affording the victim the opportunity of college essay, purchasing silence, the blackmailer can be seen as a benefactor. 30. See W. BLOCK, DEFENDING THE UNDEFENDABLE, supra p. 4, at 59-62; also, M. ROTHBARD, THE ETHICS OF LIBERTY supra n. 4, at l26-27. 31. On this see M. Argumentative On The! ROTHBARD, FOR A NEW LIBERTY (1973)

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