Good leadership qualities essay

book reports about Why do book reports strike terror in the hearts of most students? Simply, writing a book report is not easy. Leadership. A book report challenges students to new year think and write critically about what they’ve read. In the qualities, early elementary grades, extra support is given, often with book report worksheets that prompt students to internet write about leadership qualities essay a favorite character and essay rubric ap other book details. But as children progress through upper elementary, middle, and high school, they are expected to write book reports independently. At Time4Writing, we work with students on an individual basis to develop their writing skills through online writing courses. We hope this roadmap helps your child navigate writing a school book report with a minimum amount of terror! How to Write a Book Report. Before you write, read. There’s no substitute for reading the qualities essay, book.

Choose a book you’ll enjoy—reading should be fun, not a chore! Read with a pen and paper at your side. Jotting down page numbers and notes about significant passages will be very useful when it comes time to write. Remember, unless your book is argumentative on the apology, a personal copy, don’t write in the book itself. Use a Book Report Outline. After reading the book, you are ready to start the leadership qualities essay, writing process. Essay. When writing a book report, or when answering any writing prompt, you#8217;ll find writing easier if you follow the leadership, proven steps of the writing process: prewriting, writing, revising, editing, and publishing. In the first step, prewriting, you’ll plan what you want to say. An outline is a great prewriting tool for book reports. Start your book report outline with the internet essay, following five ideas.

Each idea should correspond to a paragraph: 2. Summary of Book. 3. Book Details: Characters. Qualities. 4. Book Details: Plot. 5. Evaluation and essay rubric ap Conclusion. In organizing your thoughts, jot down a few ideas for each of these paragraphs. Reminder: Every grade level (and teacher) has different requirements for book report content. Review your teacher’s instructions before you create your book report outline. Good. Most book reports begin with the basic information about the book: the book’s title, author, genre, and publication information (publisher, number of pages, and year published). The opening paragraph is also your opportunity to example with statement build interest by mentioning any unusual facts or circumstances about the writing of the book or noteworthy credentials of the author. Was the good leadership qualities essay, book a bestseller?

Is the author a well-known authority on the subject? Book reports are personal, too, so it’s perfectly acceptable to state why you chose to read it. In the www.essay my best friend, body of the book report—paragraphs two, three, and four—you’ll describe what the book is about. This is your chance to show you’ve read and understood the book. Assuming you’ve read a fiction book, below are helpful writing tips: Summary: Start this paragraph by writing an overview of the story, including its setting, time period, main characters, and plot. Specify who tells the story (point of view) and the tone or atmosphere of the book. Good Essay. Is it a creepy tale of suspense or a lighthearted adventure? Character Details: In this paragraph, describe the main characters and identify the major conflict or problem the main characters are trying to solve. Essay Rubric Ap. You can also write another paragraph about the other characters in the book. Plot Details: In writing about the plot, you don’t need to tell every detail of the leadership qualities, story. Instead, focus on the main sequence of events.

You can discuss plot highlights, from the rising action to personal value the book’s climax and conflict resolution. Leadership Qualities Essay. Make sure you mention the author’s use of any literary devices you’ve been studying in class. Book Reports on Non-fiction. If you are writing a book report on a biography or other factual text, you’ll want to devote the body of your book report to a description of the book’s subject and the author’s points of view. Use the chapter headings to help you present the author’s ideas and arguments in an orderly manner. As with a fictional plot, you don’t have to cover every argument made by the author.

Instead, choose the main ideas and the ones most interesting to you. If you read a biography, write about my best friend some of the important events in the person’s life. Personal Evaluation and good leadership qualities essay Conclusion. You’ll like writing the final paragraph because it is here that you’ll be able to offer your own critique of the book. What are the book’s strengths and weaknesses? Did the book hold your interest? What did you learn from the book? If you read a work of fiction, how did the book affect you? If you read non-fiction, were you swayed by the author’s arguments? Try to be balanced in your opinions, and argumentative on the support your statements with examples from the leadership qualities, book.

Give your honest opinion of the book and whether or not you would recommend it to others. Revising, Editing, and Publishing. Personal. After you’ve drafted your book report, you’re ready to essay follow the next three steps of the writing process: revising, editing, and publishing. Begin revising by reading your book report aloud or to a friend for feedback. As you edit, check your grammar and use of the correct guidelines for www.essay about my best book quotes and writing the book title. Give enough time to revising and editing, and your published book report will be that much better. Book Reports: A Type of Expository Essay. Good Leadership Qualities. A book report is usually written as an expository essay, although it can be written in argumentative essay apology, other forms. In some cases, a teacher will ask students to take a point of view when writing a book report. Leadership Qualities Essay. Here is an example: “Explain why Hoot by Carl Hiiassen is the best American kid’s novel of the last decade.

Please use examples.” This type of writing prompt requires a persuasive style of writing. Internet Globalization Essay. Teachers may also assign book reviews, which challenge students to persuade their classmates to read or not read a particular book. If writing a book review, don’t reveal the ending! Rely on Your Writing Training to Write Book Reports. Leadership. Time4Writing#8217;s online writing classes and one-to-one, teacher-led instruction help in building students’ writing skills. When students develop strong basic skills, they can succeed at any writing assignment, including a book report. Time4Writing offers online writing courses for value kids in leadership qualities essay, elementary, middle school, and high school, and pairs each student with a certified teacher for personalized writing instruction. Www.essay About. Time4Writing’s eight-week, online writing courses are highly effective in helping students develop their writing skills and building confidence.

Find out how Time4Writing#8217;s online writing classes can make a real difference in good essay, your child’s writing.

Servant Leader Research Paper Essay. As a result of the information revolution commerce is being subjected to a rapid change in many businesses and leadership essay, not-for-profit organizations away from the more old-style dictatorial and essay, tiered models of leadership essay, leadership and in globalization, the direction of servant leadership as a way of being in essay, correlation with others. Servant leadership strives to involve others in decision making, is stalwartly based in principled and compassionate comportment, and augments the development of personal value statement, workforces while cultivating the compassionate and eminence of organizational life. It is argued that leaders who combine their motivation to lead with a need to serve display servant leadership. Personal characteristics and culture are positioned alongside the motivational dimension. Qualities Essay. Servant leadership is on the apology, demonstrated by empowering and good leadership essay, developing people; by internet globalization expressing humility, authenticity, interpersonal acceptance, and stewardship; and by providing direction. A high-quality dyadic relationship, trust, and fairness are expected to be the good qualities most important mediating processes to encourage self-actualization, positive job attitudes, performance, and a stronger organizational focus on sustainability and corporate social responsibility. This paper will examine the characteristics and concepts of servant leadership, with a comparison of servant leaderships to two other leadership styles, The concept of Servant Leadership. The words servant and leader are usually thought of as being opposites.

When two opposites are brought together in a creative and meaningful way, a paradox emerges. And so, the words servant and leader have been brought together to create the paradoxical idea of servant-leadership. The basic idea of servant leadership is both logical and intuitive. Since the time of the industrial revolution, managers have tended to view people as objects; institutions have considered workers as cogs within a machine. In the past few decades we have witnessed a shift in that long-held view. Standard practices are rapidly shifting toward the ideas put forward by Robert Greenleaf, Stephen Covey, Peter Senge, Max DePree, Margaret Wheatley, Ken Blanchard, and many others who suggest that there is a better way to essay rubric ap, lead and manage our organizations. Servant-leadership, first proposed by Robert K. Greenleaf in 1970, is a conjectural agenda that promotes a leader’s principal incentive and role as service to others.

Servant leadership is a very prevalent leadership model. The servant leader serves the person he/she leads, which infers that employees are an end in themselves rather than a means to an organizational purpose or bottom line. There are ten characteristics of leadership, servant leadership: listening, empathy, healing, awareness, persuasion, conceptualization, foresight, stewardship, commitment to the growth of people, and about my best friend, building community. Which enhances Servant leadership replacement of the former command and control models of leadership, and to be more focused on the needs of others. It begins with the good essay natural feeling that one wants to serve. Then conscious choice brings one to aspire to essay rubric ap, lead. The best test is: do those served grow as persons: do they, while being served, become healthier, wiser, freer, more autonomous, more likely themselves to become servants? And, what is the effect on the least privileged in leadership qualities, society; will they benefit, or, at least, not be further deprived? (Greenleaf, 1977/2002, p. 27) With that definition in 1970, retired ATT executive Robert K. Greenleaf (1904-1990) coined the term servant leadership and launched a quiet revolution in the way in which we view and practice leadership. Argumentative Essay. Three decades later the concept of servant leadership is increasingly viewed as an ideal leadership form to which untold numbers of good leadership essay, people and organizations aspire. In fact, we are witnessing today an unparalleled explosion of interest in, and example statement, practice of, servant leadership.

A way of leadership that states the leader is leadership essay, destined to work for people and community. Servant Leadership: What is happy chinese new year, Leadership? Leadership is the process of good essay, using social influence to essay rubric ap, organize a group of people toward common goals. Leaders point to the path to achieve goals and lead groups in order to accomplish objectives. Leaders may or may not have formal authority. According to the trait theory of leadership, certain human traits make people better leaders. Those traits said to be found in the most effective leaders are: intelligence, adjustment, extroversion, conscientiousness, openness to experiences, and general self-efficacy. Defining Servant Leadership. Servant leadership involves feeling responsible to leadership essay, the world and actively contributing to the well-being of people and internet, communities. It begins with the feeling of wanting to serve.

A servant leader looks at what people need and asks how to help people in order to solve problems and promote personal development. He or she places the main focus on good leadership, people, because content and motivated people will be best able to reach their goals and fulfill expectations. Characteristics of Servant Leadership. Larry C. Spears identified 10 characteristics that are central to servant leadership.· 1. Listening: Traditionally, and also in servant leadership, managers must have communication skills. A servant leader listens to subordinates and supports them in decision-making. 2. Empathy: A servant leader attempts to understand and empathize. Workers are considered not only employees but also people who deserve respect and appreciation for their personal development. 3. Healing: A great strength of about, a servant leader is the ability to heal oneself and others. A servant leader helps people solve problems and conflicts because they want to encourage and support individual personal development. 4. Awareness: A servant leader needs to cultivate general awareness and self-awareness. Such leaders need the leadership essay ability to view situations from integrated, holistic positions, resulting in a clearer understanding of ethics and values.

5. Persuasion: A servant leader does not take advantage of their power and status by coercing compliance; they try to chinese new year essay, convince the qualities people they manage. This element distinguishes servant leadership from traditional, authoritarian models. 6. Conceptualization: A servant leader thinks beyond day-to-day realities, seeing past the limits of the business and focusing on long-term goals. 7. Foresight: Foresight is the ability to chinese new year essay, foresee likely outcomes, enabling a servant leader to learn about the past and understand the changing nature of the current reality. 8. Leadership Essay. Stewardship: Servant leadership is my best friend, seen as an good qualities essay obligation to help and serve others. Essay Rubric Ap. Openness and persuasion are more important than control. 9. Commitment to the growth of people: A servant leader is convinced that people have an intrinsic value beyond their contributions as workers. Therefore, he or she should nurture the personal, professional, and spiritual growth of employees. 10. Building community: A servant leader builds a strong community within the organization and wants to develop a true community among businesses and institutions. 2) Compare and contrast servant leadership with at least two other models of leadership.

Discovering most favorable practices for gainful leadership consequences need not be caught up by the involvedness of the challenge to find an essay all-embracing leadership theory. In concern to the significantly significant leadership superiority of comprehensiveness, we can discover helpful attitudes contained by the perceptions of two chief leadership theories: transformational leadership and servant leadership. My Best Friend. The application or use, of good leadership essay, these two leadership deportments in a harmonizing manner has the prospective for essay apology manufacturing an effective interaction in respect to an all-encompassing leadership style. Servant-leadership is most often compared with transformational leadership, a leadership approach that causes change in individuals and social systems. In its ideal form, it creates valuable and positive change in the followers with the end goal of developing followers into leaders. Enacted in leadership qualities, its authentic form, transformational leadership enhances the motivation, morale and performance of followers through a variety of mechanisms.

These include connecting the happy chinese new year essay follower’s sense of qualities essay, identity and self to the mission and the collective identity of the organization; being a role model for followers that inspires them; challenging followers to take greater ownership for their work, and understanding the strengths and weaknesses of followers, so the leader can align followers with tasks that optimize their performance. This theory was introduced in 1978 by James MacGregor Burns, and later extended by Bernard M. Of Essay With Thesis. Bass (1985). Like servant-leadership, transformational leadership has become a popular leadership model in recent years because of its emphasis on extraordinary leader characteristics and its humanistic valuation of followers. Some behavioral scientists have contend that transformational and good leadership, servant-leadership theories are both rooted in the charismatic leadership framework developed by Max Weber in the late 19th and early 20th centuries (Smith, Montagno Kuzmenko, 2004). Indeed, both theories share the charismatic leadership model’s focus on leadership qualities and behavior.

Transformational and servant-leadership, however, are not the equivalents of each other, nor is one an instance of the other (Stone, Russell Patterson, 2003). Instead, they are complementary frameworks that share a focus on the individual, both in terms of appreciation of followers and of emphasis on leadership characteristics, but differ significantly in leader motivation, organizational objectives, measures of success, resulting cultures, and contextual appropriateness. Smith, Montagno and Kuzmenko (2004) posit that “the leader’s motivation for behaving is a critical distinction between the two theories” (p. 85). Where the transformational leader is ultimately motivated by the need to achieve organizational goals, the servant-leader is ultimately motivated by the need to support the self-actualization of followers.

In transformational leadership, the personal development and empowerment of followers is approached as a means for achieving the internet globalization organizational goal; in servant-leadership, it is the goal. As a result, servant-leadership places a greater emphasis on good leadership qualities, people over production, and transformational leadership places a greater emphasis on the reverse. This results in different measures of success for the two theoretical frameworks. The differing emphases of the two theories also lead to very different cultural environments, according to Smith, Montagno and Kuzmenko (2004). Transformational leadership’s combined emphasis on performance and inspiration fosters an example of essay statement “empowered dynamic culture”, while servant-leadership’s emphasis on shared leadership and healthy follower relationships creates a “spiritual generative culture” (p. 86). Both cultures are markedly different, suggesting the two leadership styles may differ in contextual appropriateness. Similarities and Differences. Is there a real difference, if any, between transformational leadership and servant leadership? Is servant leadership just a subset of transformational leadership or vice versa? Are transformational leadership and servant leadership the same theory, except for their use of different names?

The side-by-side comparison reveals that transformational leadership and servant leadership have relatively analogous characteristics. Perhaps this is because both transformational and servant leadership are attempts to define and explain people-oriented leadership styles. According to both concepts, their leadership frameworks incorporate: (a) influence, (b) vision, (c) trust, (d) respect or credibility, (d) risk-sharing or delegation, (e) integrity, and (f) modeling. Both transformational leadership and good essay, servant leadership emphasize the importance of appreciating and valuing people, listening, mentoring or teaching, and argumentative on the, empowering followers. In fact, the theories are probably most similar in their emphasis upon individualized consideration and appreciation of followers. In comparison, transformational leadership and servant leadership do have points of variation. There is a much greater emphasis upon service of followers and service to good qualities essay, followers in the servant leadership paradigm.

Furthermore, while both transformational leaders and servant leaders are influential, servant leaders gain influence in a nontraditional manner that derives from servanthood itself (Russell Stone, 2002). In so doing, they allow extraordinary freedom for followers to exercise their own abilities. They also place a much higher degree of trust in their followers than would be the happy chinese case in any leadership style that required the leader to be somewhat directive. Are there any real differences between transformational leadership and servant leadership, our position is that the concepts hold many similarities, and they are complementary theories in many respects. Good Leadership Essay. Nonetheless, they ultimately form a distinctly separate theoretical framework of leadership because of a primary difference. Www.essay My Best. The principal difference between transformational leadership and servant leadership is the focus of the leader. While transformational leaders and servant leaders both show concern for their followers, the overriding focus of the servant leader is upon service to their followers. The transformational leader has a greater concern for getting followers to engage in and support organizational objectives. The extent to which the leader is able to shift the good qualities essay primary focus of his or her leadership from the organization to on the apology, the follower is the distinguishing factor in determining whether the leader may be a transformational or servant leader. Furthermore, we proffer that this primary distinction influences other characteristics and outcomes, giving rise to good leadership, secondary differences between the concepts. Servant Leadership vs.

Authentic Leadership: What are the Differences? written by: N Nayab•edited by: Jean Scheid•updated: 6/8/2010. Authentic leadership is a concept introduced by management expert Bill George in his 2003 book “Authentic Leadership” and developed further in the later book “True North.” George describes authentic leadership as a leadership style that is consistent with a leaders’ personality and essay rubric ap, core values, and leadership qualities, that is honest, ethical and argumentative, practical. Both servant leadership and authentic leadership are positive leadership concepts that have much in common. The major difference between servant leadership and leadership qualities, authentic leadership lies in personal value, approach, application, and style. Good Leadership. slide 1 of 6. What is Authentic Leadership and Servant Leadership? Bob Terry, in his book “Authentic Leadership: Courage in Action” (1993) defines authentic leadership as knowing and acting on what is true and internet globalization essay, real inside the leaders self, team, and organization, along with knowing and acting on good leadership qualities, what is true and real in the world. Authentic leaders are confident, hopeful, optimistic, and resilient individuals deeply aware of with thesis statement, how they think and behave. Such people display a high level of integrity and remain committed to building an organization through purpose, value, heart, relationships, and self-discipline. Servant Leadership is a positive leadership model that has emerged out of the root concept of authentic leadership.

Robert Greenleaf, in his 1970 essay “The Servant as Leader” describes servant leaders as individuals with a natural inclination to serve. Such people make a conscious choice to lead to qualities, serve rather than lead to gain power or acquire material possessions. They try to serve their organizations through characteristics such as listening, empathy, healing relationships, awareness, persuasion, conceptualization, foresight, stewardship, commitment to human resource development, and commitment to building community. slide 2 of 6. Similarities between Servant Leadership and Authentic Leadership Servant leadership and about my best friend, authentic leadership have many characteristics in common. Both leadership styles: Genuine desire to serve others and are interested in empowering the people they serve Place a high importance on values and remain guided by qualities of compassion, and passion Refuse to compromise on principles.

Place high importance on establishing relationships with people Rely on leadership qualities, their personal charisma to get things done Leaders lead from personal conviction rather than a desire for status or reward Focus on building people’s strengths rather than focusing on what is wrong with people and their weaknesses The basis of both authentic leadership and servant leadership lie in either explicit or implicit recognition of the leader’s self-awareness and chinese new year, the focus on integrity, trust, courage, and hope. While these remain established traits in authentic leadership, they remain largely theoretical and not supported by empirical research in servant leadership model. slide 3 of 6. Difference between Servant Leadership and Authentic Leadership in Approach The fundamental difference between servant leadership and authentic leadership lies in the approach. While servant leadership strives to leadership essay, be “right,” authentic leadership strives to be “real.” Servant leadership is a normative leadership style that lays down set characteristics that all leaders are supposed to emulate to attain success and tries to shape the character and personality of the leader to such values. Authentic leadership on the other hand, is character driven and does not recognize leadership styles or a fixed set of characteristics that leaders are supposed to emulate.

The authentic leadership theory holds that each leader has their own unique style developed through study, experience, consultation and introspection, and consistent with their character and personality. slide 4 of 6. Difference between Servant Leadership and Authentic Leadership in Application A major difference between authentic leaders vs servant leaders relate to www.essay my best, serving others needs. The core principle of servant leadership is to give priority to leadership qualities essay, the interest of www.essay about my best, others. Leadership. The primary duty of the leader is to example of essay statement, serve others by fulfilling their needs, aspirations, and desires. Authentic leadership on the other hand does not encourage the leader to good qualities essay, be too responsive to the desires of essay apology, others on going overboard to meet the desires of each individuals create problems such as: Organizational goals suffering due to qualities essay, competing interests. Danger of deviating from course of action. Leader not making difficult decisions due to fear of offending slide 5 of 6. Difference between Servant Leadership and Authentic Leadership in Style Servant leadership’s one-dimensional approach does not change in argumentative essay apology, response to the situation. This leadership style recommends listening, persuasion, and good leadership essay, empathy even during times of grave crisis. Authentic leaders are more proactive and internet globalization, adapt their style to fit the immediate situation.

Such leaders can be inspiring and motivating on leadership qualities, one occasion, and essay rubric ap, tough about people-related or financial decisions on another occasion. While both servant leaders and authentic leaders look for opportunities to partner with individuals and groups to address organizational, societal, and qualities essay, environmental issues, the difference between servant leadership and authentic leadership is essay rubric ap, that authentic leaders foster innovation better and help their organizations discover unique and leadership qualities essay, creative solutions to issues. slide 6 of 6. What Is an Authentic Leadership Style? Authentic leadership is a concept introduced by management expert Bill George in his 2003 book “Authentic Leadership” and developed further in the later book “True North.” George describes authentic leadership as a leadership style that is essay rubric ap, consistent with a leaders’ personality and core values, and that is honest, ethical and practical. An authentic leader is more interested in empowering employees than in money or personal power, and good qualities essay, is guided by compassion and heart in everything they do. While many authentic leaders may have natural abilities, George emphasizes that anyone can become an authentic leader through hard work and developing their leadership qualities. Authentic leaders are dedicated to continued personal growth and about my best, committed to building lasting relationships and strong organizations. Authentic leaders draw their inspiration from their own lives.

An example: Starbucks’ founder Howard Schultz was inspired by his fathers’ struggles with poor health to good qualities, make Starbucks the first American company to provide health care options to part-time employees. Schultz consciously used his life experiences to build a company that was a reflection of his personal values. Related Reading: The Effects of a Manager’s Leadership Style. An authentic leader is not afraid to admit mistakes and work to overcome shortcomings. By facing their weaknesses and refusing to compromise with them, authentic leaders can find ways to overcome their weaknesses and this makes them stronger leaders. An authentic leader develops her own leadership style, but this leadership style should not be overly rigid. An authentic leadership style is one that can adapt to changing circumstances and situations. Happy New Year. You should also be able to delegate when necessary and good qualities essay, not be afraid of changing the way that you do things to suit different situations. George suggests that to statement, begin developing your authentic leadership style, you should begin by assessing yourself against the five qualities of an authentic leader. These qualities are: understanding your purpose, practicing your values, leading with your heart, establishing connected relationships and demonstrating self-discipline. 3) Describe the organization (e.g., industry, number of leadership qualities essay, employees, vision, goals).

MDI being the service entity of the company actually is essay rubric ap, placed in the heart and soul of servant leadership. 4) Describe how servant leadership can be applied to your organization. 5) Explain how implementing servant leadership would impact the ability of the organization to leadership qualities, realize its vision and value, accomplish its goals. 6) Explain how you might go about implementing servant leadership within your organization or within a specific part of the good leadership essay organization if you were the leader. 7) Identify the statement following (relating to implementing servant leadership within your organization): (a) Stakeholders who would be advocates or supporters. (b)Potential challenges or obstacles and how you would overcome them. Arkin, A. (2004). Serve the essay servants. People Management, 10(25), 30-33. Personal Value. Biberman, J., and Whitty, M. Leadership Qualities Essay. (1997). A postmodern spiritual future for work. Journal of Organizational Change, 10(2), 130-138.

Bass, B. M. (1998). Transformational leadership: Industrial, military, and educational impact. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Brody, D. (1992). First among equals: a corporate executive’s vision and internet, the reemerging philosophy of trustees as servant leaders. Foundation News. Council on Foundations. Retrieved November 22, 2005 Burns, J.M. (1978) Leadership.

New York. Harper Row. Eicher-Catt, Deborah (2005). The myth of servant-leadership. Women and Language, 28(1), 17-25. Frick, Don M. (2004). Terre Haute’s Original Servant Leader: Robert K.

George, Bill Bennis, Warren. (2008) Authentic Leadership. Rediscovering the Secrets to qualities, Creating Lasting Value. Greenleaf, R.K. (1991). Www.essay. The servant as leader. Indianapolis, IN: The Robert K. Greenleaf Center. [Originally published in 1970, by Robert K. Greenleaf]. Greenleaf, R.K. (1996).

On becoming a servant-leader. Good Essay. San Francisco: Josey-Bass Publishers. Hunter, J.C. (2004). The world’s most powerful leadership principle: how to become a servant leader. New York: Crown Business. Joseph, E.E., and Winston, B.E. (2005). A correlation of servant leadership, leader trust, and organizational trust. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 26(1), 6-22. Kiechel, W. (1992).

The leader as servant. Fortune, 125, 121-122. King, S. (1994). What is the latest on leadership? Management Development Review, 7(6), 7-9. Lee, C., and essay rubric ap, Zemke, R. (1993).

The search for spirit in the workplace. Training, 30, 21- 28. Lloyd, B. (1996). Good Leadership Essay. A new approach to leadership. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 17(7), 29-32. McCormick, D.W. (1994). Spirituality and management.

Journal of Managerial Psychology, 9(6), 5-8. Russell, R.F. (2001). The role of values in servant leadership. Internet. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 22(2), 76-83. Russell, R.F., and Stone, A.G. Leadership Essay. (2002). A review of servant leadership attributes: developing a practical model. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 23(3), 145-157. Sarkus, D.J. (1996).

Servant-leadership in safety: advancing the internet cause and practice. Good Essay. Professional Safety, 41, 26-32. Sendjaya, S., and happy chinese, Sarros, J.C. (2002). Servant leadership: its origins, development, and application in good qualities, organizations. Journal of Leadershiop and about friend, Organization Studies, 9(2), 57-64. Good Leadership Qualities Essay. Smith, B.N., Montagno, R.V., and Kuzmenko, T.N. (2004). Journal of example of essay with thesis, Leadership and Organizational Studies, 10(4), 80-91. Spears, L. (1996).

Reflections on essay, Robert K. Greenleaf and www.essay about my best friend, servant-leadership. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 17(7), 33-35. Spears, L.C., and Lawrence, M. (eds.). (2004). Practicing servant-leadership: succeeding through trust,bravery and forgiveness. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Stone, A.G., Russell, R.F., and Patterson, K. Leadership Qualities Essay. (2003). Transformational versus servant leadership: a difference in leader focus.

Leadership Organization Development Journal, 25(4), 349-361. Tate, T.F. (2003). Servant leadership for schools and youth programs. Reclaiming Children and Youth, 12(1), 33-39. University/College: University of happy chinese, Chicago. Type of leadership essay, paper: Thesis/Dissertation Chapter.

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A for qualities and against www.essay my best, essay about the internet. Qualities! Look at chinese, the essay and good qualities do the exercises to argumentative on the apology, improve your writing skills. Good Leadership! Do the preparation exercise first. Then read the text and do the other exercises. What's your opinion? Do you think the internet is bad for young people?

For young people it is. They shoud be surervised while accessing the internet, because they might find pornographic content, violent content and such. Internet, an invention which still amazes people in is own way, is not always good. It has really bad side effects on young adults. As in the essay, the young people get addicted to globalization, online games and they become addicted to the internet quickly. As we can see, there are many more online games being made like Pokemon Go, etc. is really dangerous for young people.

I think it really should have a age limit. And also we must be strict about the rules of age limit on internet too. Good Leadership Qualities! I#039;m also a young adult but I find internet uninteresting and dangerous so I approve of about my best friend it having age limits. For YOUNG PEOPLE yes it is. I think Internet is leadership very useful in schools and in internet essay, work. Good! It#039;s also handy when you need to communicate. On the other hand a lot of people are addicted from sites like facbook, twitter or instagram. I also agree that learning on the internet (like here ont the british council ;) ) is very usefull . So in conclusion internet is possibly the most usefull thing that we ever invented. :) I agree with all of you, but what about learning how to internet globalization, play a musical instrument? I think internet can be very good for teenagers because it helps them a lot especially for essays, projects and homeworks, but it can be also very bad because children spend too much time online. I like internet because I can listen to songs onYouTube and I use British Councile:) Hi BigBen6464.

I'm glad to hear that you enjoy practising English here :) Is there anything in good qualities, particular that you like on the site? Jonathan (LearnEnglish Teens Team) Thanks! I like your reading skills practice, stories about UK and What is it? in Study Break. British Council really helps me with my vocabulary.

I love it! I think the internet is an amazing tool which can be used for argumentative essay on the apology equally amazing things, but only in the hands of the right person. One bad aspect of internet is that anyone could acess anything anytime. Good Essay! That means there is a lot of inappropriate content out essay rubric ap, there, but a good person is good leadership essay able to essay rubric ap, avoid it. In my opinion, though internet is very good and qualities essay useful, but some young people use it for bad things. Such as playing computer games and get addict with it. Many parents has banned the children not allowed to play forever,1 week or a day or so. Example Of Essay! But they never keep their word because, of course, parents love their kids, that is why after just a while,they let their children play AGAIN with their games, so really though, I think internet is useful with good children,and it is bad with bad children.

I totaly agree. It all depends from good, parents. Argumentative Essay Apology! If they let children to spend too much time online children will get a bad habit when they grow up. You#039;re quite right! I agree with your good comment in good qualities, point: #039;I think internet is useful with good children, and it is bad with bad children#039;. !! :) In my opinion, Internet is one of the greatest people created. You have an access to my best, billions of libraries from your computer, you are able to speak with your friends even if they are on the other side of the world. Many people work using the Internet. Now let#039;s mention disadvantages of the Internet and web-technologies. Firstly, many people nowadays become addicted and can#039;t survive for more than an hour without computer or smartphone. Qualities! They need to publish their photos in social networks, chat with 7 people in one moment and essay read new posts in their favourite online communities. Young people sometimes find their online-life better than the real one.

The second disadvantage is that nobody can guarantee the safety of your personal data. Everyone has heard stories about hackers that published private and good leadership essay scandal photos of data base of the big company. It#039;s not really pleasant to know that somebody can easily find out all your secrets. To sum up, Internrt is a wonderful tool for searching the necessary information, but social networks is quite tricky part of World Wide Web. I think the internet very useful for statement us .bcz we can get anything without spend alot of time in looking it . Good Essay! everything when we use it excessively and more than usually #039;it will be badthing. Well, we must admit that on happy new year this perfectly imperfect planet nothing entirely good or entirely bad exists. Internet is good included.

Surely it was meant for connecting people from all continents, but as the human mind has no border line we found out how to use it for different things that provide us either with information or amusement. It is said that the Internet is a good servant but a bad master. Therefore, we can see that the problem isn#039;t in the Internet itself but rather in the humans, as it is us who are using it and who are asked FOR WHAT we are using it. Value Statement! So for our irresponsibility we shouldn#039;t blame the qualities essay, Internet but ourselves as we are unable to use a powerful tool for our own improvement but we use it for our own unwanted degradation. I think that#039;s quite right!! Nowadays, Internet has been the most important thing in happy, mutimedia life. Personally, l consider that the internet is bad or not,which depends on users. I think the Internet is something that we have to know, and we should know what is good and leadership essay bad for us, and apology keep ourselves away from good leadership qualities, what can damage ourselves in any way. I think it is the same for young people, we have to personal value statement, be responsible, because the Internet is a tool that helps us either with the good leadership qualities, school, or with any ordinary situation. i think internet is useful for everyone. If it was a bad thing, something awful, it would have changed instead of reaching the whole world.

Is something crazy, used 24hrs a day, everyday of the argumentative essay, week, a lot of information, and a lot of people online. About teenagers who are addicted to games, that depends on each family. Parents could create rules, so no one would be in a bad position. And that also depends on the teenager#039;s sense of what he or she can or can#039;t do. It#039;s impossible to good, live without internet in happy chinese new year, a society like nowdays, it#039;s just so easy to make a research, work on a project. Good Leadership Essay! c#039;mon, does anyone here wants to spend hours and hours looking for internet essay few informations? Internet is useful for everyone, for young and old people. There#039;s a lot of sites that can help us a lot. But, today Internet ha gone too far away. Almost, there#039;s no home without the internet(more than 70% in whole world are with internet). Yes, there are a good and a bad sites on qualities the Internet.

We have different web-sites(Facebook,Tumlr, Twitter, Instagram. ) that shows us a different world. We can learn a lot of things (English, French. Www.essay About Friend! ) and a lot of good qualities other things. But we all know that Internet isn#039;t so much safe.Even if we think that we have good hide it our information, we don#039;t. There#039;s a lot of dangerous people in the world. To sum up, I completely agree with essay. No, i don`t thing internet bad for young people, because there is many information in essay rubric ap, the internet. In my opinion, I dont think Internet is bad for qualities people. Without the Internet, I cannot learn language (English) by myself and I wouldn#039;t be able to access to lots of useful information that school doesn#039;t teach me.

On the other hand, internet is on the apology bad only when people dont know how to use it wisely. If young people use the qualities, Internet for studying and relaxing in proper way, internet would be very useful. To me, the internet#039;s the most wonderful tool that human had created. In my own perspective, the Internet plays an important role in the communicating barrier. As you can see, people all around the world are using the Internet, including the www.essay friend, elderly. We communicate with each other using the internet and it really helps us to stay connected with one another.

Besides, without the internet, how are the countries going to develop? Our knowledge and the view to good leadership qualities essay, the outside world, the perspective to the outside of our comfort zone will be just limited, like a frog in the well. So, why not? The internet is the best connection between an globalization individual to the whole wide world. Good Leadership Essay! It#039;s definitely a boon. Internet is very usefull for us.

Internet is particularly useful for everyone, nearly all things are on essay rubric ap the internet, you can get anything by only searching on it. Internet seems becoming really important nowadays, it helps people a lot, for example i use internet for leadership essay learning English, reading news and doing research for my tasks. However, internet also can give many bad effects, people become so fanatical on social media and with often forget about time and everything they should do. I completely disagree that internet is bad for leadership essay teenagers, internet can be useful or useless, it depends on the way people use the internet. How does this photo make you feel? Can you write a caption for it? . Look carefully. What's this everyday object?

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essay press dom Freedom of Expression on the Internet. By William Fisher. Last Updated June 14, 2001. The Internet offers extraordinary opportunities for speakers, broadly defined. Political candidates, cultural critics, corporate gadflies -- anyone who wants to express an opinion about anything -- can make their thoughts available to a world-wide audience far more easily than has ever been possible before.

A large and growing group of good leadership, Internet participants have seized that opportunity. Some observers find the internet essay resultant outpouring of speech exhilarating. They see in it nothing less than the revival of democracy and the restoration of community. Other observers find the good leadership amount -- and, above all, the about kind of speech -- that the Internet has stimulated offensive or frightening. Pornography, hate speech, lurid threats -- these flourish alongside debates over the future of the good qualities Democratic Party and exchanges of views concerning flyfishing in argumentative apology, Patagonia. Good Leadership Qualities! This phenomenon has provoked various efforts to limit the kind of speech in which one may engage on the Internet -- or to develop systems to filter out the more offensive material.

This module examines some of the legal issues implicated by the increasing bitter struggle between the advocates of free speech and the advocates of filtration and control. Before plunging into the details of the www.essay my best proliferating controversies over good leadership essay, freedom of expression on the Internet, you need some background information on two topics. The first and more obvious is the Free-Speech Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The relevance and internet authority of the First Amendment should not be exaggerated; as several observers have remarked, on the Internet, the First Amendment is just a local ordinance. However, free-expression controversies that arise in leadership qualities, the United States inevitably implicate the Constitution. Personal Statement! And the arguments deployed in the course of American First-Amendment fights often inform or infect the handling of free-expression controversies in other countries. The upshot: First-Amendment jurisprudence is worth studying. Unfortunately, that jurisprudence is large and leadership qualities arcane. The relevant constitutional provision is argumentative simple enough: Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press . Leadership Qualities Essay! . .. But the case law that, over the course of the twentieth century, has been built upon this foundation is complex. An extremely abbreviated outline of the principal doctrines would go as follows:

If a law gives no clear notice of the kind of speech it prohibits, it?s void for vagueness. If a law burdens substantially more speech than is necessary to advance a compelling government interest, it?s unconstitutionally overbroad. About My Best Friend! A government may not force a person to good qualities, endorse any symbol, slogan, or pledge. Governmental restrictions on happy the time, place, and manner in which speech is good qualities essay permitted are constitutional if and only if: they are content neutral, both on their face and as applied; they leave substantial other opportunities for speech to take place; and they narrowly serve a significant state interest. On state-owned property that does not constitute a public forum, government may restrict speech in value statement, any way that is good leadership essay reasonable in light of the nature and purpose of the property in question. Content-based governmental restrictions on speech are unconstitutional unless they advance a compelling state interest. Internet Globalization! To this principle, there are six exceptions: 1. Speech that is likely to lead to leadership essay, imminent lawless action may be prohibited. 2. Fighting words -- i.e., words so insulting that people are likely to fight back -- may be prohibited. 3. Obscenity -- i.e., erotic expression, grossly or patently offensive to an average person, that lacks serious artistic or social value -- may be prohibited. 4. Child pornography may be banned whether or not it is legally obscene and personal value statement whether or not it has serious artistic or social value, because it induces people to engage in lewd displays, and the creation of it threatens the good leadership qualities essay welfare of children.

5. Defamatory statements may be prohibited. (In other words, the making of such statements may constitutionally give rise to argumentative, civil liability.) However, if the good leadership qualities essay target of the defamation is a public figure, she must prove that the defendant acted with malice. If the internet globalization target is not a public figure but the statement involved a matter of good qualities essay, public concern, the of essay statement plaintiff must prove that the defendant acted with negligence concerning its falsity. 6. Good Leadership! Commercial Speech may be banned only if it is misleading, pertains to illegal products, or directly advances a substantial state interest with a degree of suppression no greater than is reasonably necessary. If you are familiar with all of these precepts -- including the various terms of art and ambiguities they contain -- you're in good shape. If not, you should read some more about the First Amendment. A thorough and internet globalization insightful study of the field may be found in Lawrence Tribe, American Constitutional Law (2d ed.), chapter 12. Good, less massive surveys may be found at leadership essay the websites for The National Endowment for the Arts and the Cornell University Legal Information Institute.

The second of the www.essay friend two kinds of background you might find helpful is a brief introduction to the current debate among academics over the character and desirability of what has come to be called cyberdemocracy. Until a few years ago, many observers thought that the Internet offered a potential cure to the related diseases that have afflicted most representative democracies in the late twentieth century: voter apathy; the narrowing of the qualities range of example with thesis, political debate caused in part by the inertia of a system of political parties; the growing power of the media, which in good leadership essay, turn seems to reduce discussion of complex issues to a battle of sound bites; and the increasing influence of private corporations and other sources of wealth. All of these conditions might be ameliorated, it was suggested, by of essay with thesis statement the ease with which ordinary citizens could obtain information and then cheaply make their views known to qualities essay, one another through the Internet. A good example of this perspective is a recent article by Bernard Bell, where he suggests that ?[t]he Internet has, in many ways, moved society closer to the ideal Justice Brennan set forth so eloquently in New York Times v. Sullivan. It has not only made debate on public issues more 'uninhibited, robust, and internet globalization wide-open,' but has similarly invigorated discussion of non-public issues. By the same token, the qualities essay Internet has empowered smaller entities and argumentative essay on the apology even individuals, enabling them to widely disseminate their messages and, indeed, reach audiences as broad as those of established media organizations.? Recently, however, this rosy view has come under attack. The Internet, skeptics claim, is not a giant town hall. The kinds of information flows and discussions it seems to foster are, in qualities, some ways, disturbing. One source of trouble is that the Internet encourages like-minded persons (often geographically dispersed) to argumentative apology, cluster together in bulletin boards and other virtual clubs.

When this occurs, the participants tend to reinforce one another's views. The resultant group polarization can be ugly. More broadly, the Internet seems at leadership least potentially corrosive of www.essay, something we have long taken for granted in the United States: a shared political culture. Qualities! When most people read the same newspaper or watch the same network television news broadcast each day, they are forced at example thesis least to glance at stories they might fight troubling and become aware of persons and groups who hold views sharply different from their own. The Internet makes it easy for people to avoid such engagement -- by leadership qualities enabling people to select their sources of information and their conversational partners. About! The resultant diminution in the power of a few media outlets pleases some observers, like Peter Huber of the good leadership qualities Manhattan Institute.

But the concomitant corrosion of community and shared culture deeply worries others, like Cass Sunstein of the University of Chicago. An excellent summary of the literature on this issue can be found in a recent New York Times article by Alexander Stille. If you are interested in digging further into these issues, we recommend the following books: Cass Sunstein, Republic.com (Princeton Univ. Press 2001) Peter Huber, Law and Disorder in Cyberspace: Abolish the F.C.C. and Let Common Law Rule the Telecosm (Oxford Univ. Press 1997) Andrew Shapiro, The Control Revolution (Public Affairs 2000)

To test some of these competing accounts of the character and potential of discourse on the Internet, we suggest you visit - or, better yet, participate in - some of the sites at which Internet discourse occurs. Here's a sampler: 1. Restrictions on Pornography. Three times in the past five years, critics of pornography on the Internet have sought, through federal legislation, to prevent children from gaining access to it. The first of these efforts was the Communications Decency Act of 1996 (commonly known as the CDA), which (a) criminalized the knowing transmission over the Internet of obscene or indecent messages to any recipient under 18 years of age and (b) prohibited the essay rubric ap knowin[g] sending or displaying to a person under 18 of any message that, in good leadership qualities, context, depicts or describes, in terms patently offensive as measured by contemporary community standards, sexual or excretory activities or organs. Persons and organizations who take good faith, . . . effective . . . actions to restrict access by minors to the prohibited communications, or who restricted such access by requiring certain designated forms of personal statement, age proof, such as a verified credit card or an adult identification number, were exempted from these prohibitions. The CDA was widely critized by civil libertarians and soon succumbed to a constitutional challenge. In 1997, the United States Supreme Court struck down the statute, holding that it violated the First Amendment in several ways: because it restricted speech on the basis of leadership essay, its content, it could not be justified as a time, place, and essay manner regulation; its references to indecent and patently offensive messages were unconstitutionally vague; its supposed objectives could all be achieved through regulations less restrictive of speech; it failed to exempt from its prohibitions sexually explicit material with scientific, educational, or other redeeming social value. Two aspects of the Court's ruling are likely to have considerable impact on good leadership future constitutional decisions in this area. Argumentative On The! First, the Court rejected the Government's effort to analogize the Internet to traditional broadcast media (especially television), which the Court had previously held could be regulated more strictly than other media.

Unlike TV, the Court reasoned, the Internet has not historically been subject to extensive regulation, is not characterized by good a limited spectrum of available frequencies, and is not invasive. About! Consequently, the Internet enjoys full First-Amendment protection. Essay! Second, the Court encouraged the development of technologies that would enable parents to block their children's access to Internet sites offering kinds of material the essay parents deemed offensive. A year later, pressured by vocal opponents of Internet pornography -- such as Enough is Enough and the National Law Center for leadership qualities essay Children and Families -- Congress tried again. The 1998 Child Online Protection Act (COPA) obliged commercial Web operators to restrict access to material considered harmful to minors -- which was, in www.essay about my best friend, turn, defined as any communication, picture, image, graphic image file, article, recording, writing or other matter of any kind that is obscene or that meets three requirements: (1) The average person, applying contemporary community standards, would find, taking the material as a whole and with respect to minors, is designed to appeal to, or is good designed to example, pander to, the prurient interest. (2) The material depicts, describes, or represents, in a manner patently offensive with respect to minors, an actual or simulated sexual act or sexual conduct, an actual or simulated normal or perverted sexual act or a lewd exhibition of the genitals or post-pubescent female breast. (3) The material, taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value for minors. Title I of the statute required commercial sites to evaluate material and to enact restrictive means ensuring that harmful material does not reach minors.

Title II prohibited the collection without parental consent of personal information concerning children who use the Internet. Affirmative defenses similar to those that had been contained in qualities essay, the CDA were included. Once again, the courts found that Congress had exceeded its constitutional authority. In the judgment of the Third Circuit Court of Appeals, the critical defect of COPA was its reliance upon the criterion of contemporary community standards to example of essay, determine what kinds of speech are permitted on the Internet: Because material posted on the Web is good qualities essay accessible by all Internet users worldwide, and internet globalization because current technology does not permit a Web publisher to restrict access to its site based on leadership qualities the geographic locale of a each particular Internet user, COPA essentially requires that every Web publisher subject to the statute abide by the most restrictive and conservative state's community standard in order to avoid criminal liability. The net result was to impose burdens on permissible expression more severe than can be tolerated by the Constitution. The court acknowledged that its ruling did not leave much room for constitutionally valid restrictions on Internet pornography: We are forced to recognize that, at present, due to technological limitations, there may be no other means by which harmful material on the Web may be constitutionally restricted, although, in light of chinese new year essay, rapidly developing technological advances, what may now be impossible to regulate constitutionally may, in the not-too-distant future, become feasible.

In late 2000, the anti-pornography forces tried once more. At their urging, Congress adopted the Children's Internet Protection Act (CHIPA), which requires schools and libraries that receive federal funding (either grants or e-rate subsidies) to install Internet filtering equipment on library computers that can be used by children. This time the Clinton administration opposed the law, but the outgoing President was obliged to sign it because it was attached to a major appropriations bill. Opposition to CHIPA is leadership essay intensifying. Opponents claim that it suffers from essay all the constitutional infirmities of the CDA and COPA. In addition, it will reinforce one form of the digital divide -- by subjecting poor children, who lack home computers and must rely upon public libraries for qualities essay access to the Internet, to restrictions that more wealthy children can avoid. The Electronic Frontier Foundation has organized protests against the statute. In April of this year, several civil-liberties groups and public library associations filed suit in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania seeking a declaration that the statute is unconstitutional.

It remains to be seen whether this statute will fare any better than its predecessors. The CDA, COPA, and CHIPA have one thing in common: they all involve overt governmental action -- and thus are subject to challenge under the First Amendment. Some observers of the Internet argue that more dangerous than these obvious legislative initiatives are the efforts by private Internet Service Providers to value, install filters on their systems that screen out kinds of content that the ISPs believe their subscribers would find offensive. Because policies of this sort are neither mandated nor encouraged by the government, they would not, under conventional constitutional principles, constitute state action -- and thus would not be vulnerable to constitutional scrutiny. Good! Such a result, argues Larry Lessig, would be pernicious; to avoid it, we need to revise our understanding of the state action doctrine. Charles Fried disagrees: Note first of all that the state action doctrine does not only limit the power of thesis statement, courts to protect persons from private power that interferes with public freedoms. It also protects individuals from the courts themselves, which are, after all, another government agency. By limiting the First Amendment to protecting citizens from government (and not from each other), the state action doctrine enlarges the sphere of unregulated discretion that individuals may exercise in good qualities essay, what they think and say. In the essay rubric ap name of First Amendment values, courts could perhaps inquire whether I must grant access to my newspaper to opinions I abhor, must allow persons whose moral standards I deplore to join my expressive association, or must remain silent so that someone else gets a chance to good qualities essay, reach my audience with a less appealing but unfamiliar message.

Such inquiries, however, would place courts in the business of personal statement, deciding which opinions I would have to publish in my newspaper and which would so distort my message that putting those words in my mouth would violate my freedom of speech; what an organization's associational message really is and whether forcing the organization to accept a dissenting member would distort that message; and which opinions, though unable to attract an audience on their own, are so worthy that they must not be drowned out by more popular messages. I am not convinced that whatever changes the Internet has wrought in our environment require the courts to mount this particular tiger. The United States may have led the way in seeking (unsuccessfully, thus far) to good qualities, restrict the flow of pornography on personal the Internet, but the governments of good leadership qualities essay, other countries are now joining the fray. For the status of the struggle in essay on the apology, a few jurisdictions, you might read: Joseph C. Rodriguez, A Comparative Study of Internet Content Regulations in good qualities, the United States and Singapore, 1 Asian-Pacific L. Pol'y J. 9 (February 2000). (Singapore) Mark Konkel, Internet Indecency, International Censorship, and about friend Service Providers' Liability, 19 N.Y.L. Leadership Qualities Essay! Sch. Happy Essay! J. INt'l Comp. Good Leadership! L. 453 (2000). (Canada, Maylasia, and China) In a provocative recent article, Amy Adler argues that the effort to curb child pornography online -- the kind of internet essay, pornography that disgusts the leadership qualities essay most people -- is fundamentally misguided. Far from reducing the incidence of the sexual abuse of children, governmental efforts to curtail child pornography only increase it.

A summary of her argument is available here. Argumentative Apology! The full article is available here . When does speech become a threat? Put more precisely, when does a communication over the Internet inflict -- or threaten to inflict -- sufficient damage on its recipient that it ceases to be protected by the First Amendment and properly gives rise to criminal sanctions? Two recent cases addressed that issue from different angles. The first was popularly known as the good qualities essay Jake Baker case. In 1994 and 1995, Abraham Jacob Alkhabaz, also known as Jake Baker, was an undergraduate student at www.essay about friend the University of Michigan.

During that period, he frequently contributed sadistic and sexually explicit short stories to a Usenet electronic bulletin board available to leadership essay, the public over the Internet. In one such story, he described in detail how he and a companion tortured, sexually abused, and killed a young woman, who was given the name of happy chinese, one of Baker's classmates. (Excerpts from the story, as reprinted in the Court of Appeals decision in the case, are available here. WARNING: This material is very graphic in nature and good leadership may be troubling to some readers. It is presented in order to provide a complete view of the facts of the case.) Baker's stories came to essay rubric ap, the attention of another Internet user, who assumed the name of good, Arthur Gonda. Baker and Gonda then exchanged many email messages, sharing their sadistic fantasies and discussing the methods by happy which they might kidnap and torture a woman in essay, Baker's dormitory. When these stories and email exchanges came to light, Baker was indicted for violation of 18 U.S.C. 875(c), which provides:

Whoever transmits in interstate or foreign commerce any communication containing any threat to kidnap any person or any threat to injure the person of another, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. Federal courts have traditionally construed this provision narrowly, lest it penalize expression shielded by the First Amendment. Specifically, the courts have required that a defendant's statement, in order to trigger criminal sanctions, constitute a true threat -- as distinguished from, for example, inadvertent statements, hyperbole, innocuous talk, or political commentary. Essay! Baker moved to leadership qualities, quash the indictment on the ground that his statements on the Internet did not constitute true threats. Essay Rubric Ap! The District Court agreed, ruling that the class of women supposedly threatened was not identified in Baker's exchanges with Gonda with the degree of specificity required by the First Amendment and that, although Baker had expressed offensive desires, it was not constitutionally permissible to infer an intention to act on a desire from a simple expression of desire. The District Judge's concluding remarks concerning the character of threatening speech on the Internet bear emphasis:

Baker's words were transmitted by means of the Internet, a relatively new communications medium that is itself currently the subject of much media attention. The Internet makes it possible with unprecedented ease to achieve world-wide distribution of leadership qualities essay, material, like Baker's story, posted to its public areas. Essay Rubric Ap! When used in good, such a fashion, the happy chinese new year Internet may be likened to a newspaper with unlimited distribution and no locatable printing press - and with no supervising editorial control. But Baker's e-mail messages, on which the superseding indictment is based, were not publicly published but privately sent to Gonda. While new technology such as the Internet may complicate analysis and may sometimes require new or modified laws, it does not in this instance qualitatively change the good qualities analysis under the statute or under the First Amendment. Whatever Baker's faults, and he is to be faulted, he did not violate 18 U.S.C. § 875(c).

Two of the three judges on the panel that heard the appeal agreed. In their view, a violation of 875(c) requires a demonstration, first, that a reasonable person would interpret the communication in question as serious expression of an intention to inflict bodily harm and, second, that a reasonable person would perceive the communications as being conveyed to effect some change or achieve some goal through intimidation. Baker's speech failed, in their judgment, to rise to this level. Judge Krupansky, the third member of the panel, dissented. In a sharply worded opinion, he denounced the personal statement majority for compelling the prosecution to meet a standard higher that Congress intended or than the First Amendment required.

In his view, the pertinent inquiry is whether a jury could find that a reasonable recipient of the communication would objectively tend to believe that the speaker was serious about good leadership essay his stated intention. A reasonable jury, he argued, could conclude that Baker's speech met this standard -- especially in light of the fact that the woman named in the short story had, upon learning of it, experienced a shattering traumatic reaction that resulted in recommended psychological counselling. The second of the two decisions is popularly known as the Nuremberg files case. Chinese! In 1995, the American Coalition of Life Activists (ACLA), an anti-abortion group that advocates the use of leadership qualities, force in their efforts to curtail abortions, created a poster featuring what the chinese essay ACLA described as the Dirty Dozen, a group of doctors who performed abortions. The posters offered a $ 5,000 [r]eward for information leading to arrest, conviction and revocation of license to practice medicine of the doctors in question, and good listed their home addresses and, in internet, some instances, their phone numbers.

Versions of the poster were distributed at leadership anti-abortion rallies and essay rubric ap later on television. In 1996, an expanded list of abortion providers, now dubbed the Nuremberg files, was posted on the Internet with the assistance of an anti-abortion activist named Neil Horsley. The Internet version of the list designated doctors and essay clinic workers who had been attacked by anti-abortion terrorists in two ways: the names of people who had been murdered were crossed out; the names of argumentative essay on the, people who had been wounded were printed in grey. (For a version of the Nuremberg Files web site, click here. WARNING: This material is very graphic in nature and good leadership may be disturbing to many readers. It is presented in order to personal, provide a complete view of the facts of the case). The doctors named and described on the list feared for their lives. In particular, some testified that they feared that, by publicizing their addresses and descriptions, the ACLA had increased the ease with which terrorists could locate and good qualities essay attack them -- and that, by publicizing the names of doctors who had already been killed, the essay rubric ap ACLA was encouraging those attacks. Some of the doctors sought recourse in the courts. They sued the ACLA, twelve individual anti-abortion activists and an affiliated organization, contending that their actions violated the federal Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act of 1994 (FACE), 18 U.S.C. §248, and the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO), 18 U.S.C. §1962.

In an effort to avoid a First-Amendment challenge to the suit, the trial judge instructed the jury that defendants could be liable only if their statements were true threats. The jury, concluding that the qualities ACLA had indeed made such true threats, awarded the plaintiffs $107 million in actual and punitive damages. The trial court then enjoined the argumentative on the defendants from making or distributing the posters, the webpage or anything similar. This past March, a panel of the good leadership qualities essay Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit overturned the verdict, ruling that it violated the First Amendment. Judge Kozinski began his opinion by personal likening the anti-abortion movement to qualities essay, other political movements in American history, such as the Patriots in the American Revolution, abolitionism, the labor movement, the anti-war movement in the 1960s, the animal-rights movement, and the environmental movement. All, he argued, have had their violent fringes, which have lent to the language of their non-violent members a tinge of menace. However, to avoid curbing legitimate political commentary and agitation, Kozinski insisted, it was essential that courts not overread strongly worded but not explicitly threatening statements. Specifically, he held that: Defendants can only be held liable if they authorized, ratified, or directly threatened violence. If defendants threatened to argumentative essay on the apology, commit violent acts, by working alone or with others, then their statements could properly support the verdict.

But if their statements merely encouraged unrelated terrorists, then their words are protected by the First Amendment. The trial judge's charge to the jury had not made this standard adequately clear, he ruled. More importantly, no reasonable jury, properly instructed, could have concluded that the standard had been met. Accordingly, the trial judge was instructed to good leadership qualities, dissolve the injunction and enter judgment for the defendants on all counts. In the course of his opinion, Kozinski offered the following reflections on essay the fact that the defendants' speech had occurred in public discourse -- including the Internet: In considering whether context could import a violent meaning to qualities, ACLA's non-violent statements, we deem it highly significant that all the on the apology statements were made in the context of public discourse, not in direct personal communications. Although the First Amendment does not protect all forms of public speech, such as statements inciting violence or an imminent panic, the public nature of the speech bears heavily upon whether it could be interpreted as a threat. As we held in McCalden v. California Library Ass'n, public speeches advocating violence are given substantially more leeway under the First Amendment than privately communicated threats. There are two reasons for this distinction: First, what may be hyperbole in a public speech may be understood (and intended) as a threat if communicated directly to the person threatened, whether face-to-face, by telephone or by letter.

In targeting the recipient personally, the speaker leaves no doubt that he is sending the recipient a message of some sort. In contrast, typical political statements at rallies or through the media are far more diffuse in their focus because they are generally intended, at least in part, to qualities essay, shore up political support for essay rubric ap the speaker's position. Second, and good qualities essay more importantly, speech made through the normal channels of group communication, and concerning matters of value, public policy, is given the maximum level of protection by the Free Speech Clause because it lies at the core of the First Amendment. The First Amendment forbids Congress to make any law ?abridging the freedom of speech.? The copyright statute plainly interferes with certain kinds of speech: it prevents people from ?publicly performing? or ?reproducing? copyrighted material without permission. In other words, several ways in which people might be inclined to good, ?speak? have been declared by Congress illegal. Does this imply that the copyright statute as a whole ? or, less radically, some specific applications of it ? should be deemed unconstitutional?

Courts confronted with this question have almost invariable answered: no. Essay Rubric Ap! Two justifications are commonly offered in good qualities essay, support of the compatibility of copyright and happy chinese new year ?freedom of speech.? First, Article I, Section 8, Clause 8 of the Constitution explicitly authorizes Congress ?To promote the Progress of Science and the useful Arts, by securing for leadership qualities limited Times to Authors and Inventors the essay on the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries,? and there is no indication that the drafters or ratifiers of the First Amendment intended to good leadership, nullify this express grant of chinese new year essay, lawmaking power. Second, various doctrines within copyright law function to ensure that it does not interfere unduly with the ability of persons to express themselves. Leadership Qualities! Specifically, the principle that only the particular way in which an idea is ?expressed? is argumentative on the apology copyrightable, not the idea itself, ensures that the citizenry will be able to discuss concepts, arguments, facts, etc. without restraint. Even more importantly, the fair use doctrine (discussed in the first module) provides a generous safe harbor to people making reasonable uses of good qualities, copyrighted material for educational, critical, or scientific purposes. These considerations, in combination, have led courts to turn aside virtually every constitutional challenge to the enforcement of happy essay, copyrights. Very recently, some of the good qualities essay ways in essay rubric ap, which copyright law has been modified and then applied to activity on the Internet has prompted a growing number of scholars and leadership qualities litigants to suggest that the conventional methods for reconciling copyright law and the First Amendment need to be reexamined. Www.essay About! Two developments present the issue especially sharply: (1) For reasons we explored in essay, the second module, last summer a federal court in New York ruled that posting on a website a link to another website from which a web surfer can download a software program designed to break an www.essay about friend, encryption system constitutes ?trafficking? in anti-circumvention technology in leadership qualities essay, violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. The defendant in the case contended (among other things) that the DMCA, if construed in about, this fashion, violates the First Amendment.

Judge Kaplan rejected this contention, reasoning that a combination of the Copyright Clause and an generous understanding of the Necessary and Proper clause of the Constitution provided constitutional support for the DMCA: In enacting the DMCA, Congress found that the restriction of good leadership essay, technologies for the circumvention of technological means of protecting copyrighted works facilitate[s] the robust development and world-wide expansion of electronic commerce, communications, research, development, and education by mak[ing] digital networks safe places to chinese essay, disseminate and exploit copyrighted materials. That view can not be dismissed as unreasonable. Section 1201(a)(2) of the DMCA therefore is a proper exercise of Congress' power under the Necessary and Proper Clause. This conclusion might well dispose of defendants' First Amendment challenge. Given Congress' justifiable view that the DMCA is instrumental in carrying out the objective of the Copyright Clause, there arguably is no First Amendment objection to good leadership, prohibiting the dissemination of means for circumventing technological methods for controlling access to copyrighted works. But the Court need not rest on essay rubric ap this alone. In determining the constitutionality of governmental restriction on speech, courts traditionally have balanced the public interest in the restriction against the public interest in the kind of speech at leadership issue. This approach seeks to determine, in light of the goals of the First Amendment, how much protection the value speech at leadership qualities issue merits. Www.essay About My Best Friend! It then examines the underlying rationale for the challenged regulation and assesses how best to accommodate the qualities essay relative weights of the interests in free speech interest and the regulation. As Justice Brandeis wrote, freedom of speech is important both as a means to of essay with thesis statement, achieve a democratic society and as an end in itself.

Further, it discourages social violence by permitting people to leadership essay, seek redress of their grievances through meaningful, non-violent expression. These goals have been articulated often and consistently in the case law. The computer code at internet globalization essay issue in this case does little to qualities, serve these goals. Although this Court has assumed that DeCSS has at example of essay thesis statement least some expressive content, the expressive aspect appears to qualities, be minimal when compared to its functional component. Computer code primarily is a set of personal statement, instructions which, when read by the computer, cause it to function in a particular way, in this case, to leadership qualities, render intelligible a data file on a DVD. Happy Chinese New Year! It arguably is best treated as a virtual machine . . . . On the other side of this balance lie the good leadership essay interests served by my best friend the DMCA. Good Leadership Essay! Copyright protection exists to encourage individual effort by personal gain and thereby advance public welfare through the promot[ion of] the Progress of Science and useful Arts. The DMCA plainly was designed with these goals in mind. It is argumentative on the a tool to protect copyright in the digital age. Good Leadership Qualities Essay! It responds to the risks of technological circumvention of statement, access controlling mechanisms designed to protect copyrighted works distributed in good qualities essay, digital form. It is designed to about, further precisely the goals articulated above, goals of unquestionably high social value.

This is quite clear in the specific context of this case. Plaintiffs are eight major motion picture studios which together are largely responsible for the development of the American film industry. Their products reach hundreds of millions of viewers internationally and doubtless are responsible for a substantial portion of the revenue in leadership qualities essay, the international film industry each year. To doubt the contribution of plaintiffs to the progress of the arts would be absurd. DVDs are the newest way to distribute motion pictures to the home market, and their popularity is growing rapidly. The security of DVD technology is central to the continued distribution of motion pictures in this format. The dissemination and use of circumvention technologies such as DeCSS would permit anyone to globalization, make flawless copies of good essay, DVDs at little expense. Personal Value! Without effective limits on these.

technologies, copyright protection in the contents of DVDs would become meaningless and the continued marketing of DVDs impractical. This obviously would discourage artistic progress and undermine the goals of copyright. The balance between these two interests is clear. Executable computer code of the type at issue in leadership qualities essay, this case does little to further traditional First Amendment interests. The DMCA, in contrast, fits squarely within the goals of copyright, both generally and as applied to DeCSS. In consequence, the balance of interests in this case falls decidedly on the side of plaintiffs and the DMCA.

One of the axes of personal value, debate in the ongoing appeal of the lower-court ruling concerns this issue. Good! For a challenge to essay rubric ap, Judge Kaplan's discussion of the First-Amendment, see the amicus brief submitted to the Second Circuit by a group of law professors. (2) Some scholars believe that the ambit of the fair use doctrine should and qualities will shrink on essay rubric ap the Internet. Why? Because, in their view, the principal purpose of the doctrine is to enable people to use copyrighted materials in ways that are socially valuable but that are likely, in the absence of leadership, a special legal privilege, to be blocked by transaction costs. The Internet, by enabling copyright owners and persons who wish access to their works to negotiate licenses easily and example with thesis cheaply, dramatically reduces those transaction costs, thus arguably reducing the leadership essay need for the fair-use doctrine. Recall that one of the justifications conventionally offered to chinese, explain the compatibility of copyright law and qualities essay the First Amendment is the safety valve afforded critical commentary and educational activity by the fair use doctrine. If that doctrine does indeed shrink on the Internet, as these scholars predict, then the question of whether copyright law abridges freedom of expression must be considered anew. 1. Are you persuaded by the judicial opinions declaring unconstitutional the happy chinese new year essay CDA and COPA?

Should CHIPA suffer the same fate? Are there any ways in which government might regulate the Internet so as to shield children from good qualities essay pornography? 2. Some authors have suggested that the best way to respond to pornography on internet the Internet is through zoning. For example, Christopher Furlow suggests the use of ?restricted top-level domains? or ?rTLDs? which would function similarly to area codes to identify particular areas of the leadership Internet and make it easier for parents to chinese, control what type of material their children are exposed to online. See Erogenous Zoning on good qualities essay The Cyber-Frontier, 5 Va. J.L.

Tech. 7, 4 (Spring 2000). Do you find this proposal attractive? practicable? effective? 3. Elizabeth Marsh raises the following question: Suppose that the Ku Klux Klan sent unsolicited email messages to happy new year, large numbers of African-Americans and Jews. Those messages expressed the KKK's loathing of blacks and Jews but did not threaten the recipients. Leadership Essay! Under the laws of the United States or any other jurisdiction, what legal remedies, if any, would be available to the recipients of such email messages? Should the globalization essay First Amendment be construed to shield hate spam of this sort?

More broadly, should hate spam be tolerated or suppressed? For Marsh's views on the matter, see Purveyors of Hate on the Internet: Are We Ready for Hate Spam?, 17 Ga. St. U. Leadership Essay! L. Rev. 379 (Winter 2000). 4. Were the happy chinese new year essay Jake Baker and leadership Nuremberg Files cases decided correctly? How would you draw the internet essay line between threats subject to criminal punishment and speech protected by the First Amendment? 5. Good Essay! Does the First Amendment set a limit on the permissible scope of copyright law? If so, how would you define that limit? 6. Lyrissa Lidsky, points out that the ways in which the Supreme Court has deployed the chinese essay First Amendment to good leadership, limit the application of the tort of defamation are founded on the assumption that most defamation suits will be brought against relatively powerful institutions (e.g., newspapers, television stations).

The Internet, by enabling relatively poor and powerless persons to broadcast to the world their opinions of powerful institutions (e.g., their employers, companies by which they feel wronged) increases the likelihood that, in the future, defamation suits will be brought most often by formidable plaintiffs against weak individual defendants. If we believe that [t]he Internet is . . . a powerful tool for equalizing imbalances of power by giving voice to the disenfranchised and by personal value statement allowing more democratic participation in public discourse, we should be worried by this development. Lidsky suggests that it may be necessary, in leadership qualities essay, this altered climate, to reconsider the shape of the constitutional limitations on defamation. Do you agree? If so, how would you reformulate the relevant limitations? 7. Like Lessig, Paul Berman suggests that the essay Internet should prompt us to reconsider the traditional state action doctrine that limits the kinds of interference with speech to which the good leadership qualities essay First-Amendment applies. Essay Rubric Ap! Berman supports this suggestion with the following example: ??an online service provider recently attempted to take action against an entity that had sent junk e-mail on its service, a district court rejected the qualities e-mailer's argument that such censorship of e-mail violated the First Amendment. The court relied on argumentative essay on the apology the state action doctrine, reasoning that the service provider was not the state and therefore was not subject to good leadership, the commands of the First Amendment.? Such an outcome, he suggests, is unfortunate. To avoid it, we may need to rethink this fundamental aspect of Constitutional Law. Essay Apology! Do you agree?

See Berman, Symposium Overview: Part IV: How (If At All) to leadership essay, Regulate The Internet: Cyberspace and globalization essay the State Action Debate: The Cultural Value of Applying Constitutional Norms to Private Regulation, 71 U. Good Leadership Qualities Essay! Colo. L. Rev. 1263 (Fall 2000). ACLU offers various materials relating to the Reno v. ACLU case. Electronic Frontier Foundation (Browse the Free Expression page, Censorship Free Expression archive and the Content Filtering archive.) The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) offers links to various aspects of CDA litigation and discussion. Platform for Internet Content Selection (PICS) (Skim the PICS and personal statement Intellectual Freedom FAQ. Leadership Essay! Browse What Governments, Media and Individuals are Saying about PICS (pro and con).) CyberAngels.org provides a guide to cyberstalking that includes a very helpful definitions section. Cyberstalking: A New Challenge for Law Enforcement and Industry ? A Report from the Attorney General to personal statement, the Vice President (August 1999) provides very helpful definitions and explanations related to cyberstalking, including 1 st Amendment implications; also provides links to additional resources.

The Anti-Defamation League web site offers a wealth of resources for dealing with hate online, including guides for parents and filtering software. The filtering software, called Hate Filter, is leadership qualities essay designed to give parents the ability to make decisions regarding what their children are exposed to online. The ADL believes that ?Censorship is not the answer to hate on the Internet. ADL supports the free speech guarantees embodied in the First Amendment of the United States Constitution, believing that the best way to combat hateful speech is with more speech.?